{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2959513741","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.116","title":"Biochar incorporation increased nitrogen and carbon retention in a waste-derived soil","display_name":"Biochar incorporation increased nitrogen and carbon retention in a waste-derived soil","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2959513741","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.116","mag":"2959513741","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31470485"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.116","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.116","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.116","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969719332292","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86852077","display_name":"The Science of The Total Environment","issn_l":"0048-9697","issn":["0048-9697","1879-1026"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science of The Total Environment","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969719332292","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064093217","display_name":"H. Kate Schofield","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1053-5434","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1053-5434"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I897542642","display_name":"University of Plymouth","ror":"https://ror.org/008n7pv89","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I897542642"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"H. Kate Schofield","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biogeochemistry Research Centre, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK. Electronic address: kate.schofield@plymouth.ac.uk","Biogeochemistry Research Centre, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1053-5434","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biogeochemistry Research Centre, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK. Electronic address: kate.schofield@plymouth.ac.uk","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I897542642"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biogeochemistry Research Centre, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I897542642"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029302766","display_name":"Tim R. Pettitt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5525-1243","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5525-1243"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801043424","display_name":"Eden Project","ror":"https://ror.org/029kpsy61","country_code":"GB","type":"archive","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801043424"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tim R. Pettitt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Eden Project, Bodelva, Cornwall PL24 2SG, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eden Project, Bodelva, Cornwall PL24 2SG, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801043424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018073167","display_name":"Alan D. Tappin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8561-7856","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8561-7856"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I897542642","display_name":"University of Plymouth","ror":"https://ror.org/008n7pv89","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I897542642"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alan D. Tappin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biogeochemistry Research Centre, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biogeochemistry Research Centre, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I897542642"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015381469","display_name":"Gavyn K. Rollinson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0655-6304","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0655-6304"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23923803","display_name":"University of Exeter","ror":"https://ror.org/03yghzc09","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23923803"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gavyn K. Rollinson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Camborne School of Mines, College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9FE, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Camborne School of Mines, College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9FE, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23923803"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101749868","display_name":"Mark F. Fitzsimons","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6443-6087","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6443-6087"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I897542642","display_name":"University of Plymouth","ror":"https://ror.org/008n7pv89","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I897542642"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark F. Fitzsimons","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biogeochemistry Research Centre, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biogeochemistry Research Centre, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I897542642"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064093217"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I897542642"],"apc_list":{"value":3400,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3400},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.7517,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":82,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9458541,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"690","issue":null,"first_page":"1228","last_page":"1236"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10004","display_name":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","score":0.9589999914169312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10004","display_name":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","score":0.9589999914169312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11952","display_name":"Landfill Environmental Impact Studies","score":0.012900000438094139,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2311","display_name":"Waste Management and Disposal"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10716","display_name":"Soil and Unsaturated Flow","score":0.0038999998942017555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biochar","display_name":"biochar","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrogen-retention","display_name":"nitrogen retention","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-sequestration","display_name":"carbon sequestration","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-leachate","display_name":"soil leachate","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dissolved-organic-carbon","display_name":"dissolved organic carbon","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microbial-metabolic-activity","display_name":"microbial metabolic activity","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-organic-matter-turnover","display_name":"soil organic matter turnover","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/growing-substrates","display_name":"growing substrates","score":0.36000001430511475}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56085101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905495","display_name":"Biochar","level":3,"score":0.9831035733222961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C537208039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627","display_name":"Nitrogen","level":2,"score":0.6534552574157715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140205800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5860","display_name":"Carbon fibers","level":3,"score":0.5998658537864685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39464130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7554898","display_name":"Soil carbon","level":3,"score":0.49005210399627686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.47023457288742065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22884784","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15305550","display_name":"Carbon sequestration","level":3,"score":0.45689013600349426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.43633705377578735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181733430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11107732","display_name":"Slash-and-char","level":4,"score":0.42141416668891907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.3781276047229767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.3288417458534241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3268243074417114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36759035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176848","display_name":"Pyrolysis","level":2,"score":0.2599358856678009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.25751954317092896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.22651419043540955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.1308962106704712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.07753860950469971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.06252440810203552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.05361074209213257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104779481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707","display_name":"Composite number","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002244","descriptor_name":"Carbon","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002606","descriptor_name":"Charcoal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009584","descriptor_name":"Nitrogen","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012037","descriptor_name":"Refuse Disposal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012987","descriptor_name":"Soil","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014866","descriptor_name":"Waste Products","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057965","descriptor_name":"Carbon Sequestration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.116","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.116","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.116","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969719332292","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86852077","display_name":"The Science of The Total Environment","issn_l":"0048-9697","issn":["0048-9697","1879-1026"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science of The Total Environment","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31470485","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31470485","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Science of the total environment","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:wrap.eprints.org:8629","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.worc.ac.uk/8629/1/Pettit-Biochar%20incorporation%20increased%20nitrogen_AAM.pdf","pdf_url":"https://eprints.worc.ac.uk/8629/1/Pettit-Biochar%20incorporation%20increased%20nitrogen_AAM.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400296","display_name":"Worcester Research and Publications (University of Worcester)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I808010","host_organization_name":"University of Worcester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I808010"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pearl.plymouth.ac.uk:gees-research-1478","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pearl.plymouth.ac.uk/gees-research/479","pdf_url":"https://pearl.plymouth.ac.uk/context/gees-research/article/1478/viewcontent/Schofield_20et_20al_202019_20_post_20print_.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402507","display_name":"PEARL (University of Plymouth)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I897542642","host_organization_name":"University of Plymouth","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I897542642"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pearl.plymouth.ac.uk:10026.1/14630","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/14630","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402507","display_name":"PEARL (University of Plymouth)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I897542642","host_organization_name":"University of Plymouth","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I897542642"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.116","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.116","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.116","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969719332292","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86852077","display_name":"The Science of The Total Environment","issn_l":"0048-9697","issn":["0048-9697","1879-1026"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science of The Total Environment","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","score":1.0},{"display_name":"Life on land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.7605999708175659},{"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.5351999998092651},{"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.40450000762939453}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338080","display_name":"European Social Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2959513741.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2959513741.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":69,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1103071000","https://openalex.org/W1500477428","https://openalex.org/W1572672808","https://openalex.org/W1963788592","https://openalex.org/W1990784869","https://openalex.org/W1996440470","https://openalex.org/W1997490480","https://openalex.org/W1998856647","https://openalex.org/W2002144749","https://openalex.org/W2003319555","https://openalex.org/W2009227049","https://openalex.org/W2011811162","https://openalex.org/W2022337965","https://openalex.org/W2024147937","https://openalex.org/W2026335251","https://openalex.org/W2032813423","https://openalex.org/W2043621662","https://openalex.org/W2046681869","https://openalex.org/W2048059718","https://openalex.org/W2057247657","https://openalex.org/W2059354719","https://openalex.org/W2068296036","https://openalex.org/W2070352102","https://openalex.org/W2075242007","https://openalex.org/W2078270988","https://openalex.org/W2079905572","https://openalex.org/W2095537649","https://openalex.org/W2096216408","https://openalex.org/W2105392300","https://openalex.org/W2121198834","https://openalex.org/W2125006526","https://openalex.org/W2126595087","https://openalex.org/W2132407977","https://openalex.org/W2138196278","https://openalex.org/W2142107860","https://openalex.org/W2142414345","https://openalex.org/W2142849766","https://openalex.org/W2148583852","https://openalex.org/W2153034911","https://openalex.org/W2157738676","https://openalex.org/W2167306664","https://openalex.org/W2170156776","https://openalex.org/W2261212872","https://openalex.org/W2322552228","https://openalex.org/W2323158939","https://openalex.org/W2419001935","https://openalex.org/W2465841297","https://openalex.org/W2565656140","https://openalex.org/W2590701173","https://openalex.org/W2592490302","https://openalex.org/W2596679707","https://openalex.org/W2626330774","https://openalex.org/W2681924497","https://openalex.org/W2738759876","https://openalex.org/W2759346003","https://openalex.org/W2776947793","https://openalex.org/W2777021237","https://openalex.org/W2790194170","https://openalex.org/W2792171144","https://openalex.org/W2800594938","https://openalex.org/W2802842717","https://openalex.org/W2809704708","https://openalex.org/W2810323337","https://openalex.org/W2895343585","https://openalex.org/W2907020084","https://openalex.org/W2907449414","https://openalex.org/W2921332629","https://openalex.org/W4251064196","https://openalex.org/W4292068520"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3204092133","https://openalex.org/W4395956204","https://openalex.org/W4318994260","https://openalex.org/W2094776461","https://openalex.org/W3046374972","https://openalex.org/W2583430512","https://openalex.org/W3110132414","https://openalex.org/W2064892456","https://openalex.org/W3042946174","https://openalex.org/W4392868593"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2019-07-23T00:00:00"}