{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2954876971","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.13149","title":"Fasciola hepatica in UK horses","display_name":"Fasciola hepatica in UK horses","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-06-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2954876971","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.13149","mag":"2954876971","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31254486","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7027485"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/evj.13149","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.13149","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.13149","pdf_url":"https://beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/evj.13149","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144352947","display_name":"Equine Veterinary Journal","issn_l":"0425-1644","issn":["0425-1644","2042-3306"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Equine Veterinary Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/evj.13149","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073710147","display_name":"Alison K. Howell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1988-1376","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1988-1376"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. K. Howell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1988-1376","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008010487","display_name":"Fernando Malalana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5773-9725","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5773-9725"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. Malalana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5773-9725","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062873223","display_name":"Nicola J. Beesley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0557-1833","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0557-1833"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. J. Beesley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083749257","display_name":"Jane E. Hodgkinson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9152-8481","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9152-8481"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. E. Hodgkinson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012992753","display_name":"Hannah L. Rhodes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1288-6542","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1288-6542"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Rhodes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK","Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027797688","display_name":"Mary Sekiya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8532-7393","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8532-7393"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100930933","display_name":"University College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/05m7pjf47","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100930933"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Sekiya","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100930933"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087245256","display_name":"Debra Archer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4421-9269","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4421-9269"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Archer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK","Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068444549","display_name":"Helen E. Clough","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8538-0684","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8538-0684"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. E. Clough","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Psychology, Health and Society, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Psychology, Health and Society, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"P. Gilmore","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Gilmore","raw_affiliation_strings":["Liverpool Veterinary Parasitology Diagnostics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Liverpool Veterinary Parasitology Diagnostics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036185010","display_name":"DIANA J. L. WILLIAMS","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8186-7236","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8186-7236"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"D. J. L. Williams","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8186-7236","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036185010"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"],"apc_list":{"value":3000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3000},"apc_paid":{"value":3000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3000},"fwci":2.5688,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":41,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87819386,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"52","issue":"2","first_page":"194","last_page":"199"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11074","display_name":"Helminth infection and control","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2405","display_name":"Parasitology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11074","display_name":"Helminth infection and control","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2405","display_name":"Parasitology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10872","display_name":"Veterinary Equine Medical Research","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3402","display_name":"Equine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/34","display_name":"Veterinary"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12234","display_name":"Mollusks and Parasites Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fasciola-hepatica","display_name":"Fasciola hepatica","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liver-fluke","display_name":"liver fluke","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/horses","display_name":"horses","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seroprevalence","display_name":"seroprevalence","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liver-disease","display_name":"liver disease","score":0.5789999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parasite-genotyping","display_name":"parasite genotyping","score":0.7910000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilocus-genotypes","display_name":"multilocus genotypes","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abattoir-survey","display_name":"abattoir survey","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-signs","display_name":"clinical signs","score":0.6880000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parasite-control","display_name":"parasite control","score":0.7699999809265137}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777856171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334149","display_name":"Fasciola hepatica","level":3,"score":0.9604014754295349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777228834","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q157505","display_name":"Hepatica","level":4,"score":0.8198211193084717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42972112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170201","display_name":"Veterinary medicine","level":1,"score":0.6939446926116943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13590703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1326939","display_name":"Liver fluke","level":3,"score":0.6738532781600952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780762169","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5905368","display_name":"Horse","level":2,"score":0.6349549889564514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780097628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q673424","display_name":"Fasciola","level":4,"score":0.613096296787262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5241265892982483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777226933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6972442","display_name":"Fasciolosis","level":4,"score":0.5041781663894653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.44857466220855713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.376022607088089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42407357","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q521","display_name":"Physiology","level":1,"score":0.33371567726135254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165901193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3129936","display_name":"Helminths","level":2,"score":0.22038209438323975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.18491321802139282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002417","descriptor_name":"Cattle","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003430","descriptor_name":"Cross-Sectional Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005210","descriptor_name":"Fasciola hepatica","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005211","descriptor_name":"Fascioliasis","qualifier_ui":"Q000662","qualifier_name":"veterinary","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006113","descriptor_name":"United Kingdom","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006736","descriptor_name":"Horses","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012756","descriptor_name":"Sheep","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016022","descriptor_name":"Case-Control Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/evj.13149","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.13149","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.13149","pdf_url":"https://beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/evj.13149","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144352947","display_name":"Equine Veterinary Journal","issn_l":"0425-1644","issn":["0425-1644","2042-3306"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Equine Veterinary Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31254486","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31254486","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Equine veterinary journal","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7027485","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7027485/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Equine Vet J","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/evj.13149","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.13149","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.13149","pdf_url":"https://beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/evj.13149","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144352947","display_name":"Equine Veterinary Journal","issn_l":"0425-1644","issn":["0425-1644","2042-3306"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Equine Veterinary Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.766700029373169,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320318437","display_name":"Animal Welfare Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05fg6e831"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320858","display_name":"University College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/05m7pjf47"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2954876971.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2954876971.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W198381307","https://openalex.org/W1509610750","https://openalex.org/W1598638042","https://openalex.org/W1892382629","https://openalex.org/W1951724000","https://openalex.org/W1971146005","https://openalex.org/W1971381622","https://openalex.org/W2013623461","https://openalex.org/W2015239725","https://openalex.org/W2055559135","https://openalex.org/W2068847901","https://openalex.org/W2074966656","https://openalex.org/W2095437504","https://openalex.org/W2108215919","https://openalex.org/W2108333225","https://openalex.org/W2125455186","https://openalex.org/W2145126338","https://openalex.org/W2259173809","https://openalex.org/W2264396983","https://openalex.org/W2314853914","https://openalex.org/W2416577531","https://openalex.org/W2550617958","https://openalex.org/W2560404322","https://openalex.org/W2582743722","https://openalex.org/W2787959069","https://openalex.org/W4385222229","https://openalex.org/W6855140377"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2314853914","https://openalex.org/W3015131084","https://openalex.org/W149313555","https://openalex.org/W4386247170","https://openalex.org/W7080570970","https://openalex.org/W3090362820","https://openalex.org/W2461877545","https://openalex.org/W4381686880","https://openalex.org/W3037429299","https://openalex.org/W2990325670"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Fasciola":[1],"hepatica":[2,41,140,165],"(liver":[3],"fluke)":[4],"affects":[5,16,27],"grazing":[6],"animals":[7],"including":[8],"horses":[9,18,77,82,120,149,192,202,248,267,280,303],"but":[10],"the":[11,28,123,127,133,136,146,191,209,225,237,241,252,283],"extent":[12],"to":[13,60,69,107,231,261],"which":[14],"it":[15],"UK":[17,29],"is":[19],"unknown.":[20],"OBJECTIVES:":[21],"To":[22],"define":[23],"how":[24],"liver":[25,84,154,199,262,275],"fluke":[26,79,104,263,298],"horse":[30],"population.":[31],"STUDY":[32],"DESIGN:":[33],"Descriptive,":[34],"cross-sectional,":[35],"observational":[36],"study.":[37],"METHODS:":[38],"An":[39,64],"F.":[40,139,164],"excretory-secretory":[42],"antibody":[43],"detection":[44],"ELISA":[45,167],"with":[46,83,153,187],"a":[47,109,175,188,244],"diagnostic":[48],"sensitivity":[49],"of":[50,54,75,102,118,138,160,177,190,198,240,247,274],"71%":[51],"and":[52,58,86,92,135,181,216,227,268,293,302],"specificity":[53],"97%":[55],"was":[56,67,105,141,185],"validated":[57],"used":[59,106],"analyse":[61],"serum":[62],"samples.":[63],"abattoir":[65],"study":[66,74],"performed":[68],"determine":[70],"prevalence.":[71],"A":[72],"case-control":[73,147,228],"269":[76],"compared":[78],"exposure":[80],"between":[81],"disease":[85,155],"controls.":[87],"Data":[88],"on":[89,166,254],"clinical":[90,179,255],"signs":[91,151,180,256],"blood":[93,182],"test":[94,183],"results":[95],"were":[96],"collected":[97],"for":[98,112,163],"sero-positive":[99,173],"horses.":[100,170,242],"Genotyping":[101],"adult":[103,130],"produce":[108],"multilocus":[110],"genotype":[111],"each":[113],"parasite.":[114],"RESULTS:":[115],"Four":[116],"(2.2%)":[117],"183":[119],"registered":[121],"in":[122,126,132,224,235,266,289],"UK,":[124],"sampled":[125],"abattoir,":[128],"had":[129,156],"flukes":[131,200,213],"liver,":[134],"sero-prevalence":[137],"estimated":[142],"as":[143,212,286],"8.7%.":[144],"In":[145,171],"study,":[148],"showing":[150,193],"consistent":[152],"significantly":[157],"higher":[158],"odds":[159],"testing":[161],"positive":[162,250],"than":[168],"control":[169,296],"23":[172],"horses,":[174],"range":[176],"non-specific":[178],"abnormalities":[184],"reported,":[186],"third":[189],"no":[194],"signs.":[195],"Genotypic":[196],"analysis":[197],"from":[201,208,214,279,282],"provided":[203],"evidence":[204],"that":[205],"these":[206],"came":[207],"same":[210,284],"population":[211,285],"sheep":[215],"cattle.":[217],"MAIN":[218],"LIMITATIONS:":[219],"Bias":[220],"could":[221],"have":[222],"arisen":[223],"prevalence":[226],"studies":[229],"due":[230],"convenience":[232],"sampling":[233],"methods,":[234],"particular":[236],"geographic":[238],"origin":[239],"Only":[243],"small":[245],"number":[246],"tested":[249,306],"so":[251],"data":[253],"are":[257,281],"limited.":[258],"CONCLUSIONS:":[259],"Exposure":[260],"occurs":[264],"frequently":[265],"may":[269],"be":[270,300,305],"an":[271],"under-recognised":[272],"cause":[273],"disease.":[276],"Flukes":[277],"isolated":[278],"those":[287],"found":[288],"ruminants.":[290],"When":[291],"designing":[292],"implementing":[294],"parasite":[295],"plans,":[297],"should":[299,304],"considered,":[301],"if":[307],"appropriate.":[308]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2019-07-12T00:00:00"}