{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2954259263","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agr.21612","title":"Agricultural firm survival: The case of farmer cooperatives in the United States","display_name":"Agricultural firm survival: The case of farmer cooperatives in the United States","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-06-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2954259263","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agr.21612","mag":"2954259263"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/agr.21612","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agr.21612","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agr.21612","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S180723199","display_name":"Agribusiness","issn_l":"0742-4477","issn":["0742-4477","1520-6297"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agribusiness","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003397269","display_name":"Jasper Grashuis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5075-4439","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5075-4439"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76835614","display_name":"University of Missouri","ror":"https://ror.org/02ymw8z06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jasper Grashuis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Applied Social Sciences University of Missouri Columbia Missouri"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5075-4439","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Applied Social Sciences University of Missouri Columbia Missouri","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003397269"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"],"apc_list":{"value":2800,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2800},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.3825,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95173433,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"1","first_page":"79","last_page":"93"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12121","display_name":"Cooperative Studies and Economics","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12121","display_name":"Cooperative Studies and Economics","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11805","display_name":"Agricultural economics and policies","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12851","display_name":"Firm Innovation and Growth","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-cooperatives","display_name":"agricultural cooperatives","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firm-exit","display_name":"firm exit","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/membership-size","display_name":"membership size","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intangible-assets","display_name":"intangible assets","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/member-heterogeneity","display_name":"member heterogeneity","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strategic-orientation","display_name":"strategic orientation","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-leverage","display_name":"leverage","score":0.4490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liquidity","display_name":"liquidity","score":0.6690000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficiency","display_name":"efficiency","score":0.49300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/united-states","display_name":"United States","score":0.6480000019073486}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.7468488216400146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.6031438708305359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183582576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184783","display_name":"Market liquidity","level":2,"score":0.5430796146392822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76178495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4808784","display_name":"Asset (computer security)","level":2,"score":0.5285177230834961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778380070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q427581","display_name":"Intangible asset","level":2,"score":0.49276116490364075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991902670","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q543310","display_name":"Hazard model","level":2,"score":0.4887099266052246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.46125850081443787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.4532323181629181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1670747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q396622","display_name":"Agribusiness","level":3,"score":0.42928335070610046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49261128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132455","display_name":"Hazard","level":2,"score":0.4235837757587433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.23533672094345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.20913618803024292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/agr.21612","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agr.21612","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agr.21612","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S180723199","display_name":"Agribusiness","issn_l":"0742-4477","issn":["0742-4477","1520-6297"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agribusiness","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.48510000109672546}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.4000000059604645}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W34246418","https://openalex.org/W139324365","https://openalex.org/W1513557437","https://openalex.org/W1519624297","https://openalex.org/W1537892272","https://openalex.org/W1542617946","https://openalex.org/W1553113658","https://openalex.org/W1648060092","https://openalex.org/W1831277391","https://openalex.org/W1964965049","https://openalex.org/W1970436785","https://openalex.org/W1983808723","https://openalex.org/W1988255716","https://openalex.org/W2043839307","https://openalex.org/W2044541219","https://openalex.org/W2066443814","https://openalex.org/W2067410417","https://openalex.org/W2083520385","https://openalex.org/W2085605039","https://openalex.org/W2089147024","https://openalex.org/W2116559841","https://openalex.org/W2131077769","https://openalex.org/W2141598291","https://openalex.org/W2146339052","https://openalex.org/W2149347614","https://openalex.org/W2150021843","https://openalex.org/W2161106910","https://openalex.org/W2169216781","https://openalex.org/W2276215949","https://openalex.org/W2278811083","https://openalex.org/W2283917925","https://openalex.org/W2306364682","https://openalex.org/W2499718589","https://openalex.org/W2614212942","https://openalex.org/W2753202235","https://openalex.org/W2763437252","https://openalex.org/W2769123214","https://openalex.org/W2769666965","https://openalex.org/W2770166689","https://openalex.org/W2789484059","https://openalex.org/W2791356385","https://openalex.org/W2804907892","https://openalex.org/W2804923623","https://openalex.org/W2804993855","https://openalex.org/W2810381854","https://openalex.org/W2883328944","https://openalex.org/W2890687287","https://openalex.org/W2892698051","https://openalex.org/W2903119816","https://openalex.org/W2917630380","https://openalex.org/W3147894994","https://openalex.org/W3151021608"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3085513790","https://openalex.org/W7203788795","https://openalex.org/W4402710396","https://openalex.org/W7168082632","https://openalex.org/W4405216809","https://openalex.org/W2379032690","https://openalex.org/W2791356385","https://openalex.org/W2234096252","https://openalex.org/W2809672031","https://openalex.org/W4297630060"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1],"number":[2],"of":[3,15,49,72,79,100,122],"farmer":[4,62,80,85,101],"cooperatives":[5,41,63,81,86,102],"in":[6,35,120,126,128],"the":[7,43,47,70,76,97],"United":[8],"States":[9],"is":[10,82,103],"declining,":[11],"but":[12],"empirical":[13],"investigations":[14],"cooperative":[16,123],"firm":[17,124],"survival":[18,33,77,93,98],"have":[19,91],"been":[20],"scarce.":[21],"With":[22],"demographic,":[23],"financial,":[24],"and":[25,60,95,133],"strategic":[26,134],"characteristics":[27],"as":[28],"possible":[29],"explanations,":[30],"we":[31,55,113],"conduct":[32],"analysis":[34],"relation":[36,129],"to":[37,67,75,117,130],"950":[38],"U.S.":[39],"farmers":[40],"for":[42],"2005\u20132018":[44],"period.":[45],"Following":[46],"results":[48],"our":[50,115],"Cox":[51],"proportional":[52],"hazard":[53],"regressions,":[54],"find":[56],"(a)":[57],"relatively":[58],"young":[59],"old":[61],"are":[64],"more":[65],"susceptible":[66],"exit;":[68],"(b)":[69],"relationship":[71],"membership":[73],"size":[74],"rate":[78],"U\u2010shaped;":[83],"(c)":[84],"with":[87],"intangible":[88],"asset":[89],"portfolios":[90],"lower":[92],"probabilities;":[94],"(d)":[96],"function":[99],"not":[104],"explained":[105],"significantly":[106],"by":[107],"efficiency,":[108],"leverage,":[109],"or":[110],"liquidity.":[111],"Overall,":[112],"use":[114],"findings":[116],"inform":[118],"recommendations":[119],"terms":[121],"behavior,":[125],"particular":[127],"member":[131],"heterogeneity":[132],"orientation.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2019-07-12T00:00:00"}