{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2954092025","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0272431619858397","title":"Examining the Effects of Family and Community Violence on African American Adolescents: The Roles of Violence Type and Relationship Proximity to Violence","display_name":"Examining the Effects of Family and Community Violence on African American Adolescents: The Roles of Violence Type and Relationship Proximity to Violence","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-06-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2954092025","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0272431619858397","mag":"2954092025"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/0272431619858397","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0272431619858397","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0272431619858397","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87117105","display_name":"The Journal of Early Adolescence","issn_l":"0272-4316","issn":["0272-4316","1552-5449"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Early Adolescence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044289947","display_name":"Elizabeth Sargent","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6510-6952","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6510-6952"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1925986","display_name":"Loyola University Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6x2g63","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1925986"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elizabeth Sargent","raw_affiliation_strings":["Loyola University Chicago, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Loyola University Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1925986"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090323479","display_name":"Evan Zahniser","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2505-1336","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2505-1336"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1925986","display_name":"Loyola University Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6x2g63","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1925986"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Evan Zahniser","raw_affiliation_strings":["Loyola University Chicago, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Loyola University Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1925986"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064397755","display_name":"Noni K. Gaylord\u2010Harden","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0175-7684","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0175-7684"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1925986","display_name":"Loyola University Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6x2g63","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1925986"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Noni Gaylord-Harden","raw_affiliation_strings":["Loyola University Chicago, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0175-7684","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Loyola University Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1925986"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053247759","display_name":"Mirinda M. Morency","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3352-7991","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3352-7991"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mirinda Morency","raw_affiliation_strings":["Columbia University, New York, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Columbia University, New York, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007359596","display_name":"Esther J. Jenkins","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74234424","display_name":"Chicago State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ekwbr88","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74234424"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Esther Jenkins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chicago State University, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chicago State University, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74234424"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064397755"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1925986"],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.1038,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":57,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97797758,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"40","issue":"5","first_page":"633","last_page":"661"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10426","display_name":"Child Abuse and Trauma","score":0.9053000211715698,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10426","display_name":"Child Abuse and Trauma","score":0.9053000211715698,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10242","display_name":"Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research","score":0.03139999881386757,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10574","display_name":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","score":0.0210999995470047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domestic-violence","display_name":"domestic violence","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/community-violence","display_name":"community violence","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/african-american-adolescents","display_name":"African American adolescents","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exposure-to-violence","display_name":"violence exposure","score":0.6800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-violence","display_name":"physical violence","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/victimization","display_name":"victimization","score":0.7120000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depression","display_name":"depression","score":0.6629999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anxiety","display_name":"anxiety","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/posttraumatic-stress-disorder","display_name":"post-traumatic stress disorder","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychiatric-symptoms","display_name":"psychiatric symptoms","score":0.6489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latent-profile-analysis","display_name":"latent profile analysis","score":0.5299999713897705}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7123783230781555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558461103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154430","display_name":"Anxiety","level":2,"score":0.6139103770256042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542059537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156537","display_name":"Domestic violence","level":4,"score":0.6076915860176086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.5477714538574219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71104824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476639","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","level":2,"score":0.503987729549408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134362201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317309","display_name":"Mental health","level":2,"score":0.4512185752391815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70727504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1806878","display_name":"Latent class model","level":2,"score":0.44304028153419495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.4264526963233948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776867660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1814941","display_name":"Depression (economics)","level":2,"score":0.42599812150001526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526869908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3298118","display_name":"Suicide prevention","level":3,"score":0.4208310842514038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.3658035397529602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.35080486536026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.1589423418045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.15266847610473633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/0272431619858397","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0272431619858397","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0272431619858397","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87117105","display_name":"The Journal of Early Adolescence","issn_l":"0272-4316","issn":["0272-4316","1552-5449"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Early Adolescence","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9940000176429749,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6601999998092651,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5956578043","display_name":"Trauma, Loss, and Grief in African American Adolescents","funder_award_id":"R03MH071423","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04xeg9z08"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W46104524","https://openalex.org/W799733746","https://openalex.org/W1545992725","https://openalex.org/W1579271636","https://openalex.org/W1840653868","https://openalex.org/W1891461800","https://openalex.org/W1966744380","https://openalex.org/W1970105771","https://openalex.org/W1970662936","https://openalex.org/W1985297721","https://openalex.org/W1986620970","https://openalex.org/W1987572844","https://openalex.org/W1994589492","https://openalex.org/W2004883499","https://openalex.org/W2005092827","https://openalex.org/W2009965220","https://openalex.org/W2014219648","https://openalex.org/W2025264434","https://openalex.org/W2032889928","https://openalex.org/W2033334703","https://openalex.org/W2037346325","https://openalex.org/W2037498399","https://openalex.org/W2038643251","https://openalex.org/W2044579390","https://openalex.org/W2048162253","https://openalex.org/W2048456978","https://openalex.org/W2062712899","https://openalex.org/W2069398785","https://openalex.org/W2072763153","https://openalex.org/W2083306459","https://openalex.org/W2090330784","https://openalex.org/W2094034997","https://openalex.org/W2097985568","https://openalex.org/W2100046105","https://openalex.org/W2102073576","https://openalex.org/W2105281131","https://openalex.org/W2118338381","https://openalex.org/W2129556164","https://openalex.org/W2131517502","https://openalex.org/W2132432329","https://openalex.org/W2132456285","https://openalex.org/W2137763326","https://openalex.org/W2141550649","https://openalex.org/W2144918153","https://openalex.org/W2145370472","https://openalex.org/W2146855196","https://openalex.org/W2151576293","https://openalex.org/W2152876172","https://openalex.org/W2155503755","https://openalex.org/W2160470199","https://openalex.org/W2162584628","https://openalex.org/W2205222316","https://openalex.org/W2280893337","https://openalex.org/W2322154493","https://openalex.org/W2322665802","https://openalex.org/W2522901103","https://openalex.org/W2574705944","https://openalex.org/W2765180359","https://openalex.org/W2912509113","https://openalex.org/W4231073215","https://openalex.org/W4298091299","https://openalex.org/W4300870773"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1978181336","https://openalex.org/W2004883499","https://openalex.org/W2037498399","https://openalex.org/W2171665713","https://openalex.org/W2083049431","https://openalex.org/W2081629967","https://openalex.org/W2083306459","https://openalex.org/W3167449169","https://openalex.org/W966758052","https://openalex.org/W2167062651"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,117],"current":[1,81],"study":[2],"examined":[3],"the":[4,44,76,80,114,123,145],"unique":[5],"and":[6,11,20,22,27,47,66,83,95,122,141],"interactive":[7],"effects":[8],"of":[9,16,57,70,87,92,125],"family":[10,48,108],"community":[12,45],"violence":[13,17,46,49,59,63,88,102],"across":[14],"types":[15],"(weapon,":[18],"physical,":[19],"death)":[21],"relationship":[23,67],"proximity":[24],"(self,":[25],"family/friend,":[26],"strangers)":[28],"in":[29],"African":[30],"American":[31],"adolescents":[32],"(mean":[33],"age":[34],"=":[35,38],"12.63,":[36],"SD":[37],"0.99,":[39],"54%":[40],"female).":[41],"Items":[42],"from":[43],"measures":[50],"were":[51],"categorized":[52],"into":[53],"a":[54,105,137],"three-factor":[55],"model":[56,78],"cross-contextual":[58],"exposure":[60],"that":[61,75],"characterized":[62],"by":[64],"type":[65],"proximity.":[68],"Results":[69],"structural":[71],"equation":[72],"modeling":[73],"showed":[74],"proposed":[77],"fit":[79],"data,":[82],"all":[84],"three":[85],"factors":[86],"significantly":[89,110],"predicted":[90,111,129],"symptoms":[91],"depression,":[93],"anxiety,":[94],"posttraumatic":[96],"stress":[97],"disorder":[98],"(PTSD).":[99],"Exposure":[100],"to":[101],"directed":[103],"at":[104],"friend":[106],"or":[107,127],"member":[109],"anxiety":[112],"beyond":[113],"other":[115],"domains.":[116],"interaction":[118],"between":[119],"being":[120],"victimized":[121],"victimization":[124],"acquaintances":[126],"strangers":[128],"depressive":[130],"symptoms.":[131,152],"Finally,":[132],"latent":[133],"profile":[134],"analysis":[135],"revealed":[136],"two-class":[138],"model:":[139],"low-exposure":[140],"high-exposure":[142,146],"groups,":[143],"with":[144],"group":[147],"reporting":[148],"more":[149],"mental":[150],"health":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2019-07-12T00:00:00"}
