{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2953530608","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-613-2020","title":"Surprising similarities in model and observational aerosol radiative forcing estimates","display_name":"Surprising similarities in model and observational aerosol radiative forcing estimates","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2953530608","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-613-2020","mag":"2953530608","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33204244","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7668122"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5194/acp-20-613-2020","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-613-2020","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-613-2020","pdf_url":"https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/20/613/2020/acp-20-613-2020.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S162708223","display_name":"Atmospheric chemistry and physics","issn_l":"1680-7316","issn":["1680-7316","1680-7324"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-3","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313756","host_organization_name":"Copernicus Publications","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313756"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Copernicus Publications"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","datacite","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/20/613/2020/acp-20-613-2020.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059165363","display_name":"Edward Gryspeerdt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3815-4756","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3815-4756"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Edward Gryspeerdt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Space and Atmospheric Physics Group, Imperial College London, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3815-4756","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Space and Atmospheric Physics Group, Imperial College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108129946","display_name":"Johannes M\u00fclmenst\u00e4dt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1105-6678","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1105-6678"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142606810","display_name":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05h992307","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325736334","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I142606810","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I926574661","display_name":"Leipzig University","ror":"https://ror.org/03s7gtk40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I926574661"]}],"countries":["DE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Johannes M\u00fclmenst\u00e4dt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Meteorology, Universit\u00e4t Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany","now at: Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1105-6678","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Meteorology, Universit\u00e4t Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I926574661"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"now at: Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142606810"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016753222","display_name":"Andrew Gettelman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8284-2599","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8284-2599"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107766831","display_name":"NSF National Center for Atmospheric Research","ror":"https://ror.org/05cvfcr44","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107766831","https://openalex.org/I1311060795","https://openalex.org/I2799356940","https://openalex.org/I4210141337","https://openalex.org/I4210150888"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Gettelman","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8284-2599","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107766831"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007676760","display_name":"Florent F. Malavelle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2754-9226","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2754-9226"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1293035123","display_name":"Met Office","ror":"https://ror.org/01ch2yn61","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23923803","display_name":"University of Exeter","ror":"https://ror.org/03yghzc09","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23923803"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Florent F. Malavelle","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Engineering Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK","Met Office, Fitzroy Road, Exeter, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2754-9226","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23923803"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office, Fitzroy Road, Exeter, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086723313","display_name":"Hugh Morrison","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8480-9787","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8480-9787"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107766831","display_name":"NSF National Center for Atmospheric Research","ror":"https://ror.org/05cvfcr44","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107766831","https://openalex.org/I1311060795","https://openalex.org/I2799356940","https://openalex.org/I4210141337","https://openalex.org/I4210150888"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hugh Morrison","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107766831"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020527825","display_name":"David Neubauer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9869-3946","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9869-3946"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405257520","display_name":"Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05bzz1e33","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088","https://openalex.org/I4405257520"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Neubauer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9869-3946","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088","https://openalex.org/I4405257520"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081307280","display_name":"Daniel G. Partridge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5970-901X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5970-901X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23923803","display_name":"University of Exeter","ror":"https://ror.org/03yghzc09","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23923803"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel G. Partridge","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Engineering Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23923803"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087616218","display_name":"Philip Stier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1191-0128","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1191-0128","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5100-076X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Philip Stier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1191-0128","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017098610","display_name":"Toshihiko Takemura","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2859-6067","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2859-6067"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135598925","display_name":"Kyushu University","ror":"https://ror.org/00p4k0j84","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135598925"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Toshihiko Takemura","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Institute for Applied Mathematics, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2859-6067","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute for Applied Mathematics, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135598925"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065736522","display_name":"Hailong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1994-4402","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1994-4402"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142606810","display_name":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05h992307","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325736334","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I142606810","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hailong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1994-4402","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142606810"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043031359","display_name":"Minghuai Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9179-228X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9179-228X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405270349","display_name":"Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Climate Change","ror":"https://ror.org/00hc2kn72","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405270349"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minghuai Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Collaborative Innovation Center of Climate Change, Nanjing, China","Institute for Climate and Global Change Research, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9179-228X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Innovation Center of Climate Change, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405270349"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Climate and Global Change Research, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100671104","display_name":"Kai Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0457-6368","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0457-6368","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4420-2582","https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7221-5520"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142606810","display_name":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05h992307","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325736334","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I142606810","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0457-6368","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142606810"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":6,"institutions_distinct_count":12,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5059165363"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1725},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1725},"fwci":4.9426,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":117,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9643851,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"1","first_page":"613","last_page":"623"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10029","display_name":"Climate variability and models","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10075","display_name":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerosol-radiative-forcing","display_name":"aerosol radiative forcing","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerosol-cloud-interactions","display_name":"aerosol-cloud interactions","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-observation-discrepancy","display_name":"model-observation discrepancy","score":0.5960000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-climate-model-output","display_name":"global climate model output","score":0.597000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-adjustment","display_name":"cloud adjustment","score":0.5740000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ice-clouds","display_name":"ice clouds","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/twomey-effect","display_name":"Twomey effect","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liquid-water-path","display_name":"liquid water path","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-forcing-uncertainty","display_name":"climate forcing uncertainty","score":0.6060000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ipcc-ar5","display_name":"IPCC AR5","score":0.7279999852180481}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197115733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1003136","display_name":"Forcing (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.8406466841697693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99578197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1463606","display_name":"Radiative forcing","level":3,"score":0.7887380123138428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779345167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104541","display_name":"Aerosol","level":2,"score":0.7574313282966614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.7285789847373962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168754636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620920","display_name":"Climate model","level":3,"score":0.7026890516281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6708976626396179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114203453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5135702","display_name":"Cloud forcing","level":4,"score":0.5760685205459595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.5468196868896484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74902906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1190858","display_name":"Radiative transfer","level":2,"score":0.5050073266029358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23131810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q818574","display_name":"Observational study","level":2,"score":0.49435973167419434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778516841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6557487","display_name":"Liquid water path","level":3,"score":0.4895726144313812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.4111438989639282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.3911694884300232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.34920454025268555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14439618587493896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.12058934569358826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.09708362817764282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.09638199210166931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0821760892868042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":14,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5194/acp-20-613-2020","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-613-2020","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-613-2020","pdf_url":"https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/20/613/2020/acp-20-613-2020.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S162708223","display_name":"Atmospheric chemistry and physics","issn_l":"1680-7316","issn":["1680-7316","1680-7324"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-3","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313756","host_organization_name":"Copernicus Publications","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313756"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Copernicus Publications"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.5194/acp-2019-533","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2019-533","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2019-533","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2019-533","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmid:33204244","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33204244","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Atmospheric chemistry and physics","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.research-collection.ethz.ch:20.500.11850/396020","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/396020","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402302","display_name":"Repository for Publications and Research Data (ETH Zurich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","host_organization_name":"ETH Zurich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 20 (1)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7668122","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7668122/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Atmos Chem Phys","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ora.ox.ac.uk:uuid:7e47e4a4-111b-435e-86b9-77323eb73b36","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:7e47e4a4-111b-435e-86b9-77323eb73b36","pdf_url":"https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:7e47e4a4-111b-435e-86b9-77323eb73b36/files/rm613mx605","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402636","display_name":"Oxford University Research Archive (ORA) (University of Oxford)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","host_organization_name":"University of Oxford","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symplectic Elements at Oxford","raw_type":"Journal article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6a15df3899104687961dd65115646014","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6a15df3899104687961dd65115646014","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol 20, Pp 613-623 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/29772374","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Surprising_similarities_in_model_and_observational_aerosol_radiative_forcing_estimates/29772374","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ore.exeter.ac.uk:10871/122289","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10871/122289","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401998","display_name":"Open Research Exeter (University of Exeter)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I23923803","host_organization_name":"University of Exeter","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23923803"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:1592184","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1592184","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:1597647","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1597647","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:spiral.imperial.ac.uk:10044/1/74014","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/74014","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401396","display_name":"Spiral (Imperial College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","host_organization_name":"Imperial College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Working Paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:spiral.imperial.ac.uk:10044/1/74865","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/74865","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401396","display_name":"Spiral (Imperial College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","host_organization_name":"Imperial College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"623","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"doi:10.3929/ethz-b-000396020","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000396020","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000396020","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051236","display_name":"ETH Z\u00fcrich Research Collection","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5194/acp-20-613-2020","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-613-2020","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-613-2020","pdf_url":"https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/20/613/2020/acp-20-613-2020.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S162708223","display_name":"Atmospheric chemistry and physics","issn_l":"1680-7316","issn":["1680-7316","1680-7324"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-3","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313756","host_organization_name":"Copernicus Publications","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313756"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Copernicus Publications"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","score":0.9786999821662903,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1242655424","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-AC05-76RLO-1830","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337509","funder_display_name":"Biological and Environmental Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G135623947","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"SPP-1294","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1756126698","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-AC05-76RLO 1830","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338354","funder_display_name":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1793224664","display_name":"Sophistication of climate change prediction of the numerical model by aerosol terrestrial remote sensing observation network","funder_award_id":"15H01728","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G227006032","display_name":"Global Aerosol Synthesis and Science Project (GASSP) to reduce the uncertainty in aerosol radiative forcing","funder_award_id":"NE/J023515/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334631","funder_display_name":"Natural Environment Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2423612313","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"724602","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2463990790","display_name":"Assessment on climate impacts of short-lived climate forcers by composition and region with hierarchical numerical models","funder_award_id":"19H05669","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2988778103","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-AC05?","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G300640497","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JP19H05669","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323426","funder_display_name":"National Institute for Environmental Studies"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3269889816","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NE/P013406","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334631","funder_display_name":"Natural Environment Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3303247754","display_name":"The Aerosol-Cloud Uncertainty REduction project (A-CURE)","funder_award_id":"NE/P013406/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334631","funder_display_name":"Natural Environment Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3933667097","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-AC05-76RLO 1830","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332359","funder_display_name":"Office of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G434337789","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HORIZON2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G538270251","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE\u2010AC05\u201076RLO1830","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5726405315","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-AC05","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306250","funder_display_name":"Battelle"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6638934740","display_name":"South American Biomass Burning Analysis (SAMBBA)","funder_award_id":"NE/J010073/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334631","funder_display_name":"Natural Environment Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7538923773","display_name":"CLouds and Aerosol Radiative Impacts and Forcing: Year 2016 (CLARIFY-2016)","funder_award_id":"NE/L01355X/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334631","funder_display_name":"Natural Environment Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7578079922","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"/14-1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7776018454","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JP15H01728","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","funder_display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8175880974","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"QU 311/14-1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8305804928","display_name":"SWAAMI (South West Asian Aerosol Monsoon Interactions)","funder_award_id":"NE/L013886/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334631","funder_display_name":"Natural Environment Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G84288863","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE\u2010AC05\u201076RLO 1830","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306250","funder_display_name":"Battelle"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306250","display_name":"Battelle","ror":"https://ror.org/01h5tnr73"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320318393","display_name":"Deutsches Klimarechenzentrum","ror":"https://ror.org/03ztgj037"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320283","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320290","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321652","display_name":"Eidgen\u00f6ssische Technische Hochschule Z\u00fcrich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321752","display_name":"Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich","ror":"https://ror.org/02nv7yv05"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323426","display_name":"National Institute for Environmental Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/02hw5fp67"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331518","display_name":"Centro Svizzero di Calcolo Scientifico","ror":"https://ror.org/04rzmms09"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331617","display_name":"National Supercomputing Centre Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbsk739"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332359","display_name":"Office of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00mmn6b08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334631","display_name":"Natural Environment Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/02b5d8509"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhkn466"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337509","display_name":"Biological and Environmental Research","ror":"https://ror.org/0114b2m14"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338335","display_name":"H2020 European Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0472cxd90"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338354","display_name":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05h992307"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2953530608.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2953530608.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W291447624","https://openalex.org/W1554306780","https://openalex.org/W1614465145","https://openalex.org/W1796961055","https://openalex.org/W1890280903","https://openalex.org/W1948989487","https://openalex.org/W1971051723","https://openalex.org/W1975196041","https://openalex.org/W2008218566","https://openalex.org/W2019775150","https://openalex.org/W2026897951","https://openalex.org/W2029610346","https://openalex.org/W2033498665","https://openalex.org/W2064943738","https://openalex.org/W2074385300","https://openalex.org/W2096884373","https://openalex.org/W2098429183","https://openalex.org/W2110498669","https://openalex.org/W2114252528","https://openalex.org/W2125148711","https://openalex.org/W2125765412","https://openalex.org/W2127468211","https://openalex.org/W2137077767","https://openalex.org/W2148221736","https://openalex.org/W2151494953","https://openalex.org/W2153306945","https://openalex.org/W2157886559","https://openalex.org/W2161556440","https://openalex.org/W2163271322","https://openalex.org/W2168158289","https://openalex.org/W2278769255","https://openalex.org/W2299943051","https://openalex.org/W2410774312","https://openalex.org/W2564039716","https://openalex.org/W2567256181","https://openalex.org/W2581832031","https://openalex.org/W2592955362","https://openalex.org/W2597572626","https://openalex.org/W2602008741","https://openalex.org/W2607693830","https://openalex.org/W2615911755","https://openalex.org/W2626021529","https://openalex.org/W2626678185","https://openalex.org/W2785425939","https://openalex.org/W2789481350","https://openalex.org/W2789918317","https://openalex.org/W2796115210","https://openalex.org/W2800252181","https://openalex.org/W2809349530","https://openalex.org/W2893449164","https://openalex.org/W2895855825","https://openalex.org/W2899032853","https://openalex.org/W2910181952","https://openalex.org/W2965102826","https://openalex.org/W2982338710","https://openalex.org/W2990548937","https://openalex.org/W3192880971"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7135227606","https://openalex.org/W4387763855","https://openalex.org/W7128817248","https://openalex.org/W2789854955","https://openalex.org/W2266814570","https://openalex.org/W4385659215","https://openalex.org/W2581832031","https://openalex.org/W2910181952","https://openalex.org/W4322212607","https://openalex.org/W1971802994"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"radiative":[1,34],"forcing":[2,21,35,110],"from":[3,100,169],"aerosols":[4,92],"(particularly":[5],"through":[6],"their":[7,58],"interaction":[8],"with":[9,136,166,172],"clouds)":[10],"remains":[11],"one":[12],"of":[13,18,22,61,76,91,104,108,131,144,156,191],"the":[14,19,23,46,74,77,89,94,101,106,118,127,142,167,173,180],"most":[15],"uncertain":[16],"components":[17,107],"human":[20],"climate.":[24,95],"Observation-based":[25],"studies":[26],"have":[27],"typically":[28],"found":[29],"a":[30,137,153],"smaller":[31],"aerosol":[32,109,145],"effective":[33],"than":[36,185],"in":[37,45,88,112,206],"model":[38,78,113,124,197],"simulations":[39],"and":[40,79,114,198],"were":[41],"given":[42],"preferential":[43],"weighting":[44],"Intergovernmental":[47],"Panel":[48],"on":[49,93,141,147,188],"Climate":[50],"Change":[51],"(IPCC)":[52],"Fifth":[53],"Assessment":[54],"Report":[55],"(AR5).":[56],"With":[57],"own":[59],"sources":[60],"uncertainty,":[62,157],"it":[63],"is":[64,82],"not":[65],"clear":[66],"that":[67,196],"observation-based":[68,170,199],"estimates":[69,200],"are":[70,133,164],"more":[71,203],"reliable.":[72],"Understanding":[73],"source":[75,155],"observational":[80,115,119],"differences":[81],"thus":[83],"vital":[84],"to":[85,121],"reduce":[86],"uncertainty":[87,168],"impact":[90],"These":[96],"reported":[97],"discrepancies":[98],"arise":[99],"different":[102,129,189],"methods":[103],"separating":[105],"used":[111],"studies.":[116,209],"Applying":[117],"decomposition":[120],"global":[122],"climate":[123],"(GCM)":[125],"output,":[126],"two":[128],"lines":[130],"evidence":[132],"surprisingly":[134],"similar,":[135],"much":[138],"better":[139],"agreement":[140],"magnitude":[143],"impacts":[146],"cloud":[148],"properties.":[149],"Cloud":[150],"adjustments":[151],"remain":[152],"significant":[154],"particularly":[158],"for":[159],"ice":[160],"clouds.":[161],"However,":[162],"they":[163],"consistent":[165],"methods,":[171],"liquid":[174],"water":[175],"path":[176],"adjustment":[177],"usually":[178],"enhancing":[179],"Twomey":[181],"effect":[182],"by":[183],"less":[184],"50%.":[186],"Depending":[187],"sets":[190],"assumptions,":[192],"this":[193],"work":[194],"suggests":[195],"could":[201],"be":[202],"equally":[204],"weighted":[205],"future":[207],"synthesis":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2019-07-12T00:00:00"}
