{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2952689533","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33005/ebgc.v2i1.66","title":"The Effect Capital Adequacy, Liquidity and Credit Risk to Profitability of Commercial Banks","display_name":"The Effect Capital Adequacy, Liquidity and Credit Risk to Profitability of Commercial Banks","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-04-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2952689533","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33005/ebgc.v2i1.66","mag":"2952689533"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.33005/ebgc.v2i1.66","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33005/ebgc.v2i1.66","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.33005/ebgc.v2i1.66","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210206536","display_name":"Journal of Economics Business and Government Challenges","issn_l":"2614-4115","issn":["2614-4115"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4404663778","host_organization_name":"University of Pembangunan Nasional Veteran","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4404663778"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Pembangunan Nasional Veteran"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Economics, Business, and Government Challenges","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.33005/ebgc.v2i1.66","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033030416","display_name":"Chairunnisah Ramadhanti","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158908","display_name":"Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta","ror":"https://ror.org/05b4za178","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210158908"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chairunnisah Ramadhanti EBGC","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitas Pembangunan Nasional \"Veteran\" Jakarta"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas Pembangunan Nasional \"Veteran\" Jakarta","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158908"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114274686","display_name":"Marlina EBGC","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158908","display_name":"Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta","ror":"https://ror.org/05b4za178","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210158908"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marlina EBGC","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitas Pembangunan Nasional \"Veteran\" Jakarta"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas Pembangunan Nasional \"Veteran\" Jakarta","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158908"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107564445","display_name":"Hidayati Siti EBGC","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158908","display_name":"Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta","ror":"https://ror.org/05b4za178","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210158908"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siti Hidayati EBGC","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitas Pembangunan Nasional \"Veteran\" Jakarta"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas Pembangunan Nasional \"Veteran\" Jakarta","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158908"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158908"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5365,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84365157,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"01","first_page":"71","last_page":"78"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10127","display_name":"Banking stability, regulation, efficiency","score":0.5273000001907349,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10127","display_name":"Banking stability, regulation, efficiency","score":0.5273000001907349,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14183","display_name":"Banking Sector Performance and Management","score":0.46799999475479126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12123","display_name":"Financial Analysis and Corporate Governance","score":0.0017999999690800905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capital-adequacy","display_name":"capital adequacy","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capital-adequacy-ratio","display_name":"capital adequacy ratio","score":0.8640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bank-liquidity","display_name":"bank liquidity","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/loan-to-deposit-ratio","display_name":"loan to deposit ratio","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/credit-risk","display_name":"credit risk","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-performing-loans","display_name":"non-performing loans","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bank-profitability","display_name":"bank profitability","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/return-on-assets","display_name":"return on assets","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/commercial-banks","display_name":"commercial banks","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indonesia-stock-exchange-listed-banks","display_name":"Indonesia Stock Exchange listed banks","score":0.859000027179718}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129361004","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2470236","display_name":"Profitability index","level":2,"score":0.6967034339904785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16969640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070805","display_name":"Capital adequacy ratio","level":3,"score":0.681752622127533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.648597002029419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183582576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184783","display_name":"Market liquidity","level":2,"score":0.6186938285827637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73283319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1416617","display_name":"Financial system","level":1,"score":0.6059156060218811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107584723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1460626","display_name":"Risk-adjusted return on capital","level":5,"score":0.6034916639328003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178350159","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162714","display_name":"Credit risk","level":2,"score":0.5863470435142517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2864544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2914988","display_name":"Capital requirement","level":3,"score":0.42796653509140015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.3435608744621277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.24229195713996887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44750222","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1897397","display_name":"Financial capital","level":3,"score":0.16396337747573853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58202505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5035700","display_name":"Capital formation","level":4,"score":0.09710505604743958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776943663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165687","display_name":"Human capital","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181622380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26911","display_name":"Profit (economics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.33005/ebgc.v2i1.66","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33005/ebgc.v2i1.66","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.33005/ebgc.v2i1.66","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210206536","display_name":"Journal of Economics Business and Government Challenges","issn_l":"2614-4115","issn":["2614-4115"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4404663778","host_organization_name":"University of Pembangunan Nasional Veteran","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4404663778"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Pembangunan Nasional Veteran"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Economics, Business, and Government Challenges","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.ebgc.upnjatim.ac.id:article/303","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ebgc.upnjatim.ac.id/index.php/ebgc/article/view/303","pdf_url":"https://ebgc.upnjatim.ac.id/index.php/ebgc/article/download/303/49","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210206536","display_name":"Journal of Economics Business and Government Challenges","issn_l":"2614-4115","issn":["2614-4115"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4404663778","host_organization_name":"University of Pembangunan Nasional Veteran","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4404663778"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Pembangunan Nasional Veteran"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"10.33005/ebgc.v2i01","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.33005/ebgc.v2i1.66","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33005/ebgc.v2i1.66","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.33005/ebgc.v2i1.66","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210206536","display_name":"Journal of Economics Business and Government Challenges","issn_l":"2614-4115","issn":["2614-4115"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4404663778","host_organization_name":"University of Pembangunan Nasional Veteran","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4404663778"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Pembangunan Nasional Veteran"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Economics, Business, and Government Challenges","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.48510000109672546}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2952689533.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2952689533.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W846307821"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2947731825","https://openalex.org/W7215279571","https://openalex.org/W2783028567","https://openalex.org/W4396239894","https://openalex.org/W7214518491","https://openalex.org/W2954452639","https://openalex.org/W3161254623","https://openalex.org/W2901959873","https://openalex.org/W3138690146","https://openalex.org/W7221205311"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1,44],"aims":[2],"to":[3,20,81,158],"determine":[4],"the":[5,50,61,64,107,120],"effect":[6,132,144,155],"of":[7,58,60,66,78,85,115,119],"Capital":[8,12],"Adequacy":[9,13],"proxied":[10,17,27,35],"with":[11,74,106],"Ratio":[14,22],"(CAR),":[15],"Liquidity":[16],"by":[18,28,36],"Loan":[19],"Deposit":[21],"(LDR),":[23],"and":[24,69,95,111,142,156],"Credit":[25],"Risk":[26],"Non":[29],"Performing":[30],"Loans":[31],"(NPL)":[32,151],"toward":[33],"Profitability":[34],"Return":[37],"on":[38,49,133,145],"Asset":[39],"(ROA).":[40,160],"Population":[41],"in":[42,98],"this":[43,99],"are":[45],"banking":[46,72],"companies":[47,73],"listed":[48],"Indonesia":[51],"Stock":[52],"Exchange":[53],"(IDX)":[54],"2015-2017.":[55],"The":[56,117],"technique":[57],"determination":[59],"sample":[62],"using":[63,91,101],"method":[65],"purposive":[67],"sampling":[68],"obtained":[70],"27":[71],"a":[75,112,129,140,153],"research":[76,100,121],"period":[77],"three":[79],"years":[80],"obtain":[82],"81":[83],"units":[84],"samples.":[86],"Data":[87,102],"analysis":[88],"was":[89],"done":[90],"Microsoft":[92],"Excel":[93],"2010":[94],"hypothesis":[96],"testing":[97],"Panel":[103],"Regression":[104],"Analysis":[105],"E-Views":[108],"9.0":[109],"program":[110],"significance":[113],"level":[114],"5%.":[116],"results":[118],"shows":[122],"that":[123],"(1)":[124],"capital":[125],"adequacy":[126],"(CAR)":[127],"has":[128,139,152],"significant":[130,143,157],"positive":[131,141],"profitability":[134,146,159],"(ROA),":[135,147],"(2)":[136],"liquidity":[137],"(LDR)":[138],"(3)":[148],"credit":[149],"risk":[150],"negative":[154]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2019-06-27T00:00:00"}