{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2951817954","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ijcce.2019.82002","title":"Development of a Batch-Type Biogas Digester Using a Combination of Cow Dung, Swine Dung and Poultry Dropping","display_name":"Development of a Batch-Type Biogas Digester Using a Combination of Cow Dung, Swine Dung and Poultry Dropping","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2951817954","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ijcce.2019.82002","mag":"2951817954"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4236/ijcce.2019.82002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ijcce.2019.82002","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ijcce.2019.82002","pdf_url":"https://content.scirp.org/pdf/ijcce_2019061815231123.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210171246","display_name":"International Journal of Clean Coal and Energy","issn_l":"2168-152X","issn":["2168-152X","2168-1538"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320480","host_organization_name":"Scientific Research Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320480"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Scientific Research Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Clean Coal and Energy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W2951817954"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://content.scirp.org/pdf/ijcce_2019061815231123.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008049989","display_name":"Olawale Olugbenga Olanrewaju","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3085-7641","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3085-7641"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180664298","display_name":"Federal University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01pvx8v81","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180664298"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Olawale O. Olanrewaju","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180664298"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068004000","display_name":"Obafemi Olutola Olubanjo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180664298","display_name":"Federal University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01pvx8v81","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180664298"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Obafemi O. Olubanjo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180664298"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008049989"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180664298"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1125,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.3654497,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"08","issue":"02","first_page":"15","last_page":"31"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10284","display_name":"Anaerobic Digestion and Biogas Production","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10284","display_name":"Anaerobic Digestion and Biogas Production","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11275","display_name":"Composting and Vermicomposting Techniques","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13246","display_name":"Agriculture, Plant Science, Crop Management","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biogas-production","display_name":"biogas production","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cattle-manure","display_name":"cattle manure","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poultry-droppings","display_name":"poultry droppings","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anaerobic-digestion","display_name":"anaerobic digestion","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/methane","display_name":"methane","score":0.3490000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proximate-analysis","display_name":"proximate analysis","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/volatile-solids","display_name":"volatile solids","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moisture-content","display_name":"moisture content","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy","display_name":"renewable energy","score":0.6190000176429749}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75212476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171076","display_name":"Biogas","level":2,"score":0.8641748428344727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2341566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910759","display_name":"Cow dung","level":3,"score":0.788984477519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176864760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217651","display_name":"Moisture","level":2,"score":0.6366207599639893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C499616599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q555853","display_name":"Anaerobic digestion","level":3,"score":0.6008495092391968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C516920438","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37129","display_name":"Methane","level":2,"score":0.5760082006454468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C528095902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2283886","display_name":"Pulp and paper industry","level":1,"score":0.5410318374633789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156383657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902126","display_name":"Heat of combustion","level":3,"score":0.506660521030426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24939127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373499","display_name":"Water content","level":2,"score":0.4668266177177429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.4538506269454956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.44724786281585693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994333036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171076","display_name":"Biogas production","level":4,"score":0.43573644757270813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.42963269352912903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196832758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1408429","display_name":"Solid fuel","level":3,"score":0.42957356572151184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780138947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q393855","display_name":"Dry matter","level":2,"score":0.4276156723499298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124681953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q339062","display_name":"Decomposition","level":2,"score":0.41708481311798096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780539549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7252857","display_name":"Proximate","level":2,"score":0.4155060052871704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105923489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133235","display_name":"Combustion","level":2,"score":0.3624970018863678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140793950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168091","display_name":"Animal science","level":1,"score":0.3246963322162628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.21892336010932922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.13665196299552917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780560099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83323","display_name":"Fertilizer","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4236/ijcce.2019.82002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ijcce.2019.82002","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ijcce.2019.82002","pdf_url":"https://content.scirp.org/pdf/ijcce_2019061815231123.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210171246","display_name":"International Journal of Clean Coal and Energy","issn_l":"2168-152X","issn":["2168-152X","2168-1538"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320480","host_organization_name":"Scientific Research Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320480"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Scientific Research Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Clean Coal and Energy","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4236/ijcce.2019.82002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ijcce.2019.82002","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ijcce.2019.82002","pdf_url":"https://content.scirp.org/pdf/ijcce_2019061815231123.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210171246","display_name":"International Journal of Clean Coal and Energy","issn_l":"2168-152X","issn":["2168-152X","2168-1538"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320480","host_organization_name":"Scientific Research Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320480"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Scientific Research Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Clean Coal and Energy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","display_name":"Responsible consumption and production"},{"score":0.9853000044822693,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"},{"score":0.46149998903274536,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2951817954.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2951817954.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W747098241","https://openalex.org/W1532176642","https://openalex.org/W1566589901","https://openalex.org/W1601566151","https://openalex.org/W1601916128","https://openalex.org/W1606100078","https://openalex.org/W1631956560","https://openalex.org/W1986330023","https://openalex.org/W2033979316","https://openalex.org/W2099723319","https://openalex.org/W2122393182","https://openalex.org/W2131602399","https://openalex.org/W2182919808","https://openalex.org/W2243035605","https://openalex.org/W2243562337","https://openalex.org/W2306630695","https://openalex.org/W2338298142","https://openalex.org/W2412934648","https://openalex.org/W2495541855","https://openalex.org/W2497907479","https://openalex.org/W2626192073","https://openalex.org/W2748724773","https://openalex.org/W2773796587","https://openalex.org/W2790298890","https://openalex.org/W2797322092","https://openalex.org/W2807816782","https://openalex.org/W2897574871","https://openalex.org/W2901010581","https://openalex.org/W2901395861","https://openalex.org/W2919687531","https://openalex.org/W2990177142","https://openalex.org/W3020914598","https://openalex.org/W4205273550","https://openalex.org/W4210268917","https://openalex.org/W4214926750","https://openalex.org/W4235444740","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2970605048","https://openalex.org/W3010329935","https://openalex.org/W2102322482","https://openalex.org/W2947910044","https://openalex.org/W2090265222","https://openalex.org/W3212067891","https://openalex.org/W7215722406","https://openalex.org/W4280547737","https://openalex.org/W7164009234","https://openalex.org/W7119517115"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,61,73,138,175],"overdependence":[1],"on":[2,141],"crude":[3],"oil":[4],"in":[5,50],"African":[6],"countries":[7],"warrants":[8],"the":[9,29,34,51,54,57,71,86,90,101,104,133,155,193,200],"need":[10],"for":[11,85],"alternative":[12],"sources":[13],"of":[14,31,36,53,56,119,135,159,165,173,189,195,203],"energy.":[15],"A":[16],"56-litre-capacity":[17],"biogas":[18,32,169],"digester":[19,62],"was":[20,145,207],"designed,":[21],"fabricated":[22],"and":[23,41,46,66,82,96,109,115],"evaluated.":[24],"Investigations":[25],"were":[26,48,68],"made":[27],"into":[28],"production":[30],"from":[33,127,178],"mixture":[35],"cow":[37],"dung,":[38],"swine":[39],"dung":[40],"poultry":[42],"dropping.":[43],"Standard":[44],"equations":[45],"models":[47],"used":[49],"design":[52],"components":[55],"manually":[58],"operated":[59],"digester.":[60],"temperature,":[63],"ambient":[64],"temperature":[65],"pH":[67,125],"monitored":[69],"during":[70],"experiment.":[72],"proximate":[74],"analysis":[75],"showed":[76],"that":[77,192],"volatile":[78,105],"solid,":[79,106],"total":[80,107],"solid":[81,108],"moisture":[83,110,139],"content":[84,111,140],"mixed":[87,160,179],"substrates":[88,161,180],"at":[89,100],"initial":[91],"stage":[92],"were:":[93,112],"64.7%,":[94],"83.5%":[95],"13.5%":[97],"respectively.":[98,117],"Similarly,":[99],"digestion":[102],"stage,":[103],"54.1%,":[113],"22.6%":[114],"74.4%":[116],"Advancement":[118],"decomposition":[120],"leads":[121],"to":[122,129,152],"gradual":[123],"increasing":[124],"value":[126,149],"7.2":[128],"7.4,":[130],"which":[131],"indicates":[132],"stability":[134],"organic":[136],"matter.":[137],"a":[142],"wet":[143],"basis":[144],"initially":[146],"13.5%.":[147],"This":[148],"latter":[150],"increased":[151],"74.4%.":[153],"On":[154],"average,":[156],"15":[157],"kg":[158],"with":[162,183,199],"25":[163,171],"litres":[164],"impure":[166],"water":[167],"produced":[168,177],"within":[170],"days":[172,188],"digestion.":[174],"gas":[176,197],"became":[181],"flammable":[182],"blue":[184],"flame":[185],"after":[186],"16":[187],"production,":[190],"indicating":[191],"ratio":[194],"methane":[196],"generated":[198],"three":[201],"mixtures":[202],"fresh":[204],"animal":[205],"waste":[206],"higher":[208],"than":[209],"other":[210],"gases":[211],"produced.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-14T11:04:58.165337","created_date":"2019-06-27T00:00:00"}