{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2950584530","doi":null,"title":"\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0635\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631","display_name":"\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0635\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2950584530","mag":"2950584530"},"language":"ar","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2950584530","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.asjp.cerist.dz/en/article/85953","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201690","display_name":"Economic Studies","issn_l":"1112-7988","issn":["1112-7988","2710-8627"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4324277456","host_organization_name":"TechKnowledge General Trading","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4324277456"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["TechKnowledge General Trading"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Economic Studies","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070475602","display_name":"\u0625\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0648\u064a","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u0625\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0648\u064a","raw_affiliation_strings":["\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0629"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0629","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085919392","display_name":"\u0635\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u0635\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a","raw_affiliation_strings":["\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0629"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0629","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.52231119,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"2","first_page":"292","last_page":"308"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10164","display_name":"Quality and Supply Management","score":0.5278000235557556,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10164","display_name":"Quality and Supply Management","score":0.5278000235557556,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12905","display_name":"Management Systems and Quality Improvement","score":0.2759000062942505,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13164","display_name":"Quality and Management Systems","score":0.06270000338554382,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/total-quality-management","display_name":"total quality management","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strategic-management","display_name":"strategic management","score":0.6690000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing-performance","display_name":"marketing performance","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmaceutical-industry","display_name":"pharmaceutical industry","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmaceutical-companies","display_name":"pharmaceutical companies","score":0.3269999921321869}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3029698133468628}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2950584530","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.asjp.cerist.dz/en/article/85953","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201690","display_name":"Economic Studies","issn_l":"1112-7988","issn":["1112-7988","2710-8627"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4324277456","host_organization_name":"TechKnowledge General Trading","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4324277456"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["TechKnowledge General Trading"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Economic Studies","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2948882494","https://openalex.org/W3169593331","https://openalex.org/W2944766443","https://openalex.org/W2914754097","https://openalex.org/W3096181508","https://openalex.org/W2908075788","https://openalex.org/W2765309690","https://openalex.org/W2998106105","https://openalex.org/W2913688755","https://openalex.org/W2938124517"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2019-06-27T00:00:00"}