{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2949952079","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-019-01726-3","title":"A note on detecting statistical outliers in psychophysical data","display_name":"A note on detecting statistical outliers in psychophysical data","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-05-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2949952079","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-019-01726-3","mag":"2949952079","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31089976","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6647454"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3758/s13414-019-01726-3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-019-01726-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-019-01726-3","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3758/s13414-019-01726-3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210230012","display_name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","issn_l":"1943-3921","issn":["1943-3921","1943-393X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Attention, Perception, &amp; Psychophysics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3758/s13414-019-01726-3.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057667252","display_name":"Pete R. Jones","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7672-8397","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7672-8397","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4218-9334"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088407","display_name":"NIHR Moorfields Biomedical Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/004hydx84","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I1325675289","https://openalex.org/I34931013","https://openalex.org/I4210088407","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pete R. Jones","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London (UCL), UK, EC1V 9EL","NIHR Moorfields Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK, EC1V 2PD","Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London (UCL), London, EC1V 9EL, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7672-8397","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London (UCL), UK, EC1V 9EL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NIHR Moorfields Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK, EC1V 2PD","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088407"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London (UCL), London, EC1V 9EL, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5057667252"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088407","https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"apc_list":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"apc_paid":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"fwci":8.1367,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":136,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98278908,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"81","issue":"5","first_page":"1189","last_page":"1196"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11871","display_name":"Advanced Statistical Methods and Models","score":0.9506999850273132,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11871","display_name":"Advanced Statistical Methods and Models","score":0.9506999850273132,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.014700000174343586,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10968","display_name":"Statistical Distribution Estimation and Applications","score":0.00419999985024333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outliers","display_name":"outliers","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outlier-detection","display_name":"outlier detection","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychophysical-data","display_name":"psychophysical data","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robust-statistics","display_name":"robust statistics","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interquartile-range","display_name":"interquartile range","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monte-carlo-simulation","display_name":"Monte Carlo simulation","score":0.6600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-cleaning","display_name":"data cleaning","score":0.38600000739097595}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79337645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q779824","display_name":"Outlier","level":2,"score":0.8439292907714844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6521250009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.6436261534690857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122048520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2913954","display_name":"Percentile","level":2,"score":0.6003565192222595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117251300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1849855","display_name":"Parametric statistics","level":2,"score":0.5760923027992249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.5331256985664368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.486068993806839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.48466092348098755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.4553026556968689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127705205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5748245","display_name":"Heuristics","level":2,"score":0.4546017348766327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22679943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159375","display_name":"Standard deviation","level":2,"score":0.4303065538406372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4100986123085022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.37787580490112305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.37014979124069214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.35301923751831055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2723846733570099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000066506","descriptor_name":"Heuristics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009010","descriptor_name":"Monte Carlo Method","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011601","descriptor_name":"Psychophysics","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015233","descriptor_name":"Models, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D066264","descriptor_name":"Datasets as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":9,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3758/s13414-019-01726-3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-019-01726-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-019-01726-3","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3758/s13414-019-01726-3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210230012","display_name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","issn_l":"1943-3921","issn":["1943-3921","1943-393X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Attention, Perception, &amp; Psychophysics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.1101/074591","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/074591","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/074591","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2016/09/12/074591.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5628687","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6647454","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6647454","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6647454","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Atten Percept Psychophys","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:31089976","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31089976","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Attention, perception & psychophysics","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:openaccess.city.ac.uk:20361","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/view/creators_id/peter=2Ejones.html>","pdf_url":"https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/20361/1/statout_v0_0_8.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401940","display_name":"City Research Online (City University London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I180825142","host_organization_name":"City, University of London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180825142"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Monograph"},{"id":"pmh:oai:openaccess.city.ac.uk:21552","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/view/creators_id/peter=2Ejones.html>","pdf_url":"https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/21552/1/Jones2019_Article_ANoteOnDetectingStatisticalOut.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401940","display_name":"City Research Online (City University London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I180825142","host_organization_name":"City, University of London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180825142"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:10055593","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10055593/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"(BioRxiv ). Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (2016)","raw_type":"Working / discussion paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:10072317","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10072317/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Attention, Perception, and Psychophysics , 81 pp. 1189-1196. (2019)","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3758/s13414-019-01726-3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-019-01726-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-019-01726-3","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3758/s13414-019-01726-3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210230012","display_name":"Attention Perception & Psychophysics","issn_l":"1943-3921","issn":["1943-3921","1943-393X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Attention, Perception, &amp; Psychophysics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319990","display_name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","ror":"https://ror.org/0187kwz08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327683","display_name":"Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/03tb37539"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2949952079.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2949952079.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W171938871","https://openalex.org/W282666689","https://openalex.org/W654652841","https://openalex.org/W1533867010","https://openalex.org/W1600310449","https://openalex.org/W1927233378","https://openalex.org/W2006848433","https://openalex.org/W2029745943","https://openalex.org/W2033079433","https://openalex.org/W2040975718","https://openalex.org/W2108218831","https://openalex.org/W2113096305","https://openalex.org/W2135874888","https://openalex.org/W2148329528","https://openalex.org/W2160719354","https://openalex.org/W3123239371","https://openalex.org/W4238202755","https://openalex.org/W4399648002"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2890121088","https://openalex.org/W7139122495","https://openalex.org/W1714900510","https://openalex.org/W1927233378","https://openalex.org/W2113096305","https://openalex.org/W2040975718","https://openalex.org/W2057587503","https://openalex.org/W2075245147","https://openalex.org/W2524045685","https://openalex.org/W2091047573"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"This":[1,56],"paper":[2],"considers":[3],"how":[4],"best":[5,38],"to":[6,42,60],"identify":[7],"statistical":[8],"outliers":[9],"in":[10],"psychophysical":[11,35],"datasets,":[12],"where":[13],"the":[14,72],"underlying":[15],"sampling":[16],"distributions":[17],"are":[18,22],"unknown.":[19],"Eight":[20],"methods":[21,79],"described,":[23],"and":[24,74],"each":[25],"is":[26,40,58,90],"evaluated":[27],"using":[28],"Monte":[29],"Carlo":[30],"simulations":[31],"of":[32,49],"a":[33,47],"typical":[34],"experiment.":[36],"The":[37],"method":[39,57],"shown":[41,59],"be":[43,61],"one":[44],"based":[45,67,80],"on":[46,68,81],"measure":[48],"absolute-deviation":[50],"known":[51],"as":[52],"S":[53,88],"n":[54,89],".":[55],"more":[62,75],"accurate":[63],"than":[64,77],"popular":[65],"heuristics":[66],"standard":[69],"deviations":[70],"from":[71],"mean,":[73],"robust":[76],"non-parametric":[78],"interquartile":[82],"range.":[83],"Matlab":[84],"code":[85],"for":[86],"computing":[87],"included.":[91]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2019-06-27T00:00:00"}
