{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2948950414","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2018-0133","title":"Body Mass Index, Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, Sleep, and Gross Motor Skill Proficiency in Preschool Children From a Low- to Middle-Income Urban Setting","display_name":"Body Mass Index, Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, Sleep, and Gross Motor Skill Proficiency in Preschool Children From a Low- to Middle-Income Urban Setting","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-06-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2948950414","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2018-0133","mag":"2948950414","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31154894"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1123/jpah.2018-0133","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2018-0133","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2018-0133","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2755080209","display_name":"Journal of Physical Activity and Health","issn_l":"1543-3080","issn":["1543-3080","1543-5474"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322142","host_organization_name":"Human Kinetics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322142"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Human Kinetics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Physical Activity and Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008283543","display_name":"Simone Annabella Tomaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7531-3250","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7531-3250"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simone A. Tomaz","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033957617","display_name":"Alessandra Prioreschi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6913-0706","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6913-0706"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessandra Prioreschi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011283299","display_name":"Estelle D. Watson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0098-1203","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0098-1203"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Estelle D. Watson","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034800058","display_name":"Joanne Alexandra McVeigh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2446-3814","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2446-3814"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joanne A. McVeigh","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040184710","display_name":"Dale Elizabeth Rae","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2584-6585","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2584-6585"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dale E. Rae","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013422178","display_name":"Rachel A. Jones","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5384-1941","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5384-1941"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rachel A. Jones","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020548273","display_name":"Catherine Elizabeth Draper","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2885-437X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2885-437X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Catherine E. Draper","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.1225,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96741026,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"7","first_page":"525","last_page":"532"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10352","display_name":"Physical Activity and Health","score":0.5928000211715698,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10352","display_name":"Physical Activity and Health","score":0.5928000211715698,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10010","display_name":"Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet","score":0.2581000030040741,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12241","display_name":"Children's Physical and Motor Development","score":0.13120000064373016,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/body-mass-index","display_name":"body mass index","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preschool-children","display_name":"preschool children","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exercise","display_name":"physical activity","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sedentary-behavior","display_name":"sedentary behavior","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sleep-duration","display_name":"sleep duration","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gross-motor-skills","display_name":"gross motor skills","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/short-sleepers","display_name":"short sleepers","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/daytime-napping","display_name":"daytime napping","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-and-middle-income-countries","display_name":"low- and middle-income countries","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/south-africa","display_name":"South Africa","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/childhood-obesity","display_name":"childhood obesity","score":0.4699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-activity-guidelines","display_name":"physical activity guidelines","score":0.5870000123977661}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114735433","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5610504","display_name":"Gross motor skill","level":3,"score":0.8164143562316895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780221984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131191","display_name":"Body mass index","level":2,"score":0.729717493057251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5923221111297607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987988905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349358","display_name":"Sedentary behavior","level":3,"score":0.48988670110702515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.4777721166610718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020255362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747883","display_name":"Physical activity","level":2,"score":0.4428543746471405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.43103402853012085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775841894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4683692","display_name":"Sleep (system call)","level":2,"score":0.4240216016769409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.35669654607772827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.32673344016075134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169976356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13208902","display_name":"Motor skill","level":2,"score":0.3073166012763977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.08121335506439209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.07225608825683594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001823","descriptor_name":"Body Composition","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003430","descriptor_name":"Cross-Sectional Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009048","descriptor_name":"Motor Skills","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012890","descriptor_name":"Sleep","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014505","descriptor_name":"Urban Population","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015444","descriptor_name":"Exercise","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015992","descriptor_name":"Body Mass Index","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057185","descriptor_name":"Sedentary Behavior","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D061725","descriptor_name":"Accelerometry","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1123/jpah.2018-0133","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2018-0133","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2018-0133","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2755080209","display_name":"Journal of Physical Activity and Health","issn_l":"1543-3080","issn":["1543-3080","1543-5474"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322142","host_organization_name":"Human Kinetics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322142"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Human Kinetics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Physical Activity and Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31154894","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31154894","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of physical activity & health","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ro.uow.edu.au:sspapers-5626","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ro.uow.edu.au/sspapers/4553","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400510","display_name":"Research Online (University of Wollongong)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I204824540","host_organization_name":"University of Wollongong","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204824540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:espace.curtin.edu.au:20.500.11937/76261","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/76261","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401790","display_name":"eSpace (Curtin University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205640436","host_organization_name":"Curtin University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205640436"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320686","display_name":"Claude Leon Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/00xtpbs68"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324956","display_name":"University of South Africa","ror":"https://ror.org/048cwvf49"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W117545607","https://openalex.org/W1507001215","https://openalex.org/W1511228992","https://openalex.org/W1587110126","https://openalex.org/W1770369847","https://openalex.org/W1792110071","https://openalex.org/W1990703222","https://openalex.org/W2004648920","https://openalex.org/W2008611276","https://openalex.org/W2024373877","https://openalex.org/W2055486205","https://openalex.org/W2059637666","https://openalex.org/W2079156084","https://openalex.org/W2086869244","https://openalex.org/W2088948024","https://openalex.org/W2088952082","https://openalex.org/W2095299524","https://openalex.org/W2098216987","https://openalex.org/W2102867242","https://openalex.org/W2111991435","https://openalex.org/W2115060397","https://openalex.org/W2122555574","https://openalex.org/W2138042545","https://openalex.org/W2166309218","https://openalex.org/W2335835590","https://openalex.org/W2403928234","https://openalex.org/W2470640416","https://openalex.org/W2494516928","https://openalex.org/W2526188394","https://openalex.org/W2538301032","https://openalex.org/W2546646789","https://openalex.org/W2554448121","https://openalex.org/W2574624063","https://openalex.org/W2576282561","https://openalex.org/W2597878631","https://openalex.org/W2737028174","https://openalex.org/W2768157720","https://openalex.org/W2768589836","https://openalex.org/W2768641003","https://openalex.org/W2768708208","https://openalex.org/W2769502057","https://openalex.org/W2769742074","https://openalex.org/W2770656318","https://openalex.org/W2770668319","https://openalex.org/W2916757905","https://openalex.org/W6746000934"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3139367042","https://openalex.org/W4402662112","https://openalex.org/W2928391868","https://openalex.org/W2906546778","https://openalex.org/W1725852370","https://openalex.org/W4408418894","https://openalex.org/W191434949","https://openalex.org/W7161774682","https://openalex.org/W3028546582","https://openalex.org/W4315797178"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Limited":[1],"research":[2],"reports":[3],"on":[4],"the":[5,83,105,150],"relationship":[6],"between":[7,56,101,192],"body":[8],"mass":[9],"index":[10],"(BMI)":[11],"and":[12,20,27,44,52,66,73,99,136,187,202],"physical":[13],"activity":[14],"(PA),":[15],"sedentary":[16],"behavior":[17],"(SB),":[18],"sleep,":[19,96],"gross":[21],"motor":[22],"skills":[23],"(GMS)":[24],"in":[25,47,131,142],"low-":[26],"middle-income":[28],"countries.":[29],"The":[30],"aim":[31],"of":[32,85,181],"this":[33],"study":[34],"was":[35,157],"to":[36,133,144],"(1)":[37],"describe":[38],"BMI,":[39,59],"PA,":[40,71,97],"SB,":[41,72,98],"sleep":[42,74,155,167,188],"duration,":[43],"GMS":[45,79,100],"proficiency":[46],"South":[48],"African":[49],"preschool":[50],"children":[51,111,207],"(2)":[53],"identify":[54],"relationships":[55],"variables.":[57],"METHODS:":[58],"including":[60],"z":[61],"scores":[62],"for":[63,215],"height,":[64],"weight,":[65],"BMI":[67,102,120],"were":[68,75,80,92,173,194,208],"determined.":[69],"Seven-day":[70],"measured":[76],"using":[77,82,104],"accelerometry.":[78],"assessed":[81],"Test":[84],"Gross":[86],"Motor":[87],"Development":[88],"(second":[89],"edition).":[90],"Associations":[91],"explored":[93],"by":[94],"comparing":[95],"tertiles":[103],"Kruskal-Wallis":[106],"test.":[107],"RESULTS:":[108],"Most":[109],"(86%)":[110],"(n":[112],"=":[113],"78,":[114],"50%":[115],"boys)":[116],"had":[117],"a":[118,212],"healthy":[119],"(15.7":[121],"[1.3]":[122],"kg/m2).":[123],"Children":[124],"spent":[125],"560.5":[126],"(52.9)":[127],"minutes":[128,139],"per":[129,140],"day":[130,141],"light-":[132],"vigorous-intensity":[134,145],"PA":[135,152,186],"90.9":[137],"(30.0)":[138],"moderate-":[143],"PA;":[146],"most":[147],"(83%)":[148],"met":[149],"current":[151],"guideline.":[153],"Nocturnal":[154],"duration":[156,168],"low":[158],"(9.28":[159],"[0.80]":[160],"h/d).":[161],"Although":[162],"daytime":[163],"naps":[164],"increased":[165],"24-hour":[166],"(10.17":[169],"[0.71]":[170],"h/d),":[171],"38%":[172],"classified":[174],"as":[175],"short":[176,209],"sleepers.":[177],"Around":[178],"half":[179],"(54.9%)":[180],"participants":[182],"complied":[183],"with":[184],"both":[185],"guidelines.":[189],"No":[190],"associations":[191],"variables":[193],"found.":[195],"CONCLUSION:":[196],"Despite":[197],"being":[198],"lean,":[199],"sufficiently":[200],"active,":[201],"having":[203],"adequate":[204],"GMS,":[205],"many":[206],"sleepers,":[210],"highlighting":[211],"possible":[213],"area":[214],"intervention.":[216]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2019-06-14T00:00:00"}