{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2948349600","doi":null,"title":"Kinetic evaluation of the production of Bacillus lipopeptides effective against Tuberculosis","display_name":"Kinetic evaluation of the production of Bacillus lipopeptides effective against Tuberculosis","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2948349600","mag":"2948349600"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/106223","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/106223","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/106223","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400300","display_name":"SUNScholar (Stellenbosch University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","host_organization_name":"Stellenbosch University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/106223","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058413309","display_name":"Emile Johannes","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Emile Johannes","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058413309"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10252","display_name":"Microbial Natural Products and Biosynthesis","score":0.5410000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2402","display_name":"Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10252","display_name":"Microbial Natural Products and Biosynthesis","score":0.5410000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2402","display_name":"Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10324","display_name":"Microbial bioremediation and biosurfactants","score":0.28299999237060547,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11617","display_name":"Enzyme Production and Characterization","score":0.03959999978542328,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1305","display_name":"Biotechnology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surfactin","display_name":"surfactin","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacillus-subtilis","display_name":"Bacillus subtilis","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lipopeptide-biosurfactant","display_name":"lipopeptide biosurfactant","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mycobacterium-tuberculosis","display_name":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tuberculosis","display_name":"tuberculosis","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multidrug-resistant-tuberculosis","display_name":"multidrug-resistant tuberculosis","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrogen-source-ratio","display_name":"nitrogen source ratio","score":0.675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ammonium","display_name":"ammonium","score":0.6110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrate","display_name":"nitrate","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fermentation-medium-optimization","display_name":"fermentation medium optimization","score":0.3970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antimicrobial-agents","display_name":"antimicrobial agents","score":0.5199999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bioprocess-scale-up","display_name":"bioprocess scale-up","score":0.42800000309944153}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.49054116010665894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.4421812891960144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779150676","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2091405","display_name":"Bacillus (shape)","level":2,"score":0.43058034777641296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.36900174617767334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183696295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2487696","display_name":"Biochemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3382835388183594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.27879413962364197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12307441234588623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.07920914888381958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.05762198567390442}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/106223","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/106223","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/106223","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400300","display_name":"SUNScholar (Stellenbosch University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","host_organization_name":"Stellenbosch University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:2948349600","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholar.sun.ac.za:443/bitstream/10019.1/106223/1/johannes_kinetic_2019.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/106223","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/106223","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/106223","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400300","display_name":"SUNScholar (Stellenbosch University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","host_organization_name":"Stellenbosch University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8048999905586243}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2948349600.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2948349600.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":87,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W142094597","https://openalex.org/W603313264","https://openalex.org/W936342002","https://openalex.org/W1494581922","https://openalex.org/W1497309636","https://openalex.org/W1581154118","https://openalex.org/W1730500298","https://openalex.org/W1963509429","https://openalex.org/W1964138698","https://openalex.org/W1964834601","https://openalex.org/W1966634153","https://openalex.org/W1967535438","https://openalex.org/W1973451490","https://openalex.org/W1978662438","https://openalex.org/W1979463199","https://openalex.org/W1980433625","https://openalex.org/W1982890083","https://openalex.org/W1984147160","https://openalex.org/W1984977958","https://openalex.org/W1985838497","https://openalex.org/W1988710527","https://openalex.org/W1991523898","https://openalex.org/W1994402826","https://openalex.org/W1997066873","https://openalex.org/W1997109383","https://openalex.org/W2012356076","https://openalex.org/W2017029128","https://openalex.org/W2018674715","https://openalex.org/W2019227237","https://openalex.org/W2020505222","https://openalex.org/W2021376949","https://openalex.org/W2022397716","https://openalex.org/W2023996371","https://openalex.org/W2024949703","https://openalex.org/W2025955985","https://openalex.org/W2029253496","https://openalex.org/W2031905954","https://openalex.org/W2036576149","https://openalex.org/W2040234689","https://openalex.org/W2043637175","https://openalex.org/W2044397973","https://openalex.org/W2050690244","https://openalex.org/W2051031814","https://openalex.org/W2051330990","https://openalex.org/W2051969579","https://openalex.org/W2052657997","https://openalex.org/W2055242053","https://openalex.org/W2056369560","https://openalex.org/W2057440801","https://openalex.org/W2057483337","https://openalex.org/W2063792424","https://openalex.org/W2064030306","https://openalex.org/W2065050598","https://openalex.org/W2065728777","https://openalex.org/W2071461119","https://openalex.org/W2073215923","https://openalex.org/W2073431842","https://openalex.org/W2073902999","https://openalex.org/W2078064123","https://openalex.org/W2080189311","https://openalex.org/W2086860182","https://openalex.org/W2088464751","https://openalex.org/W2090288316","https://openalex.org/W2091693533","https://openalex.org/W2092237875","https://openalex.org/W2097642031","https://openalex.org/W2099924177","https://openalex.org/W2101320046","https://openalex.org/W2101507193","https://openalex.org/W2107876677","https://openalex.org/W2113616916","https://openalex.org/W2119795301","https://openalex.org/W2124342894","https://openalex.org/W2127481312","https://openalex.org/W2127916045","https://openalex.org/W2131153968","https://openalex.org/W2134909360","https://openalex.org/W2139357682","https://openalex.org/W2144832604","https://openalex.org/W2147642898","https://openalex.org/W2151741247","https://openalex.org/W2157933434","https://openalex.org/W2164656314","https://openalex.org/W2168999294","https://openalex.org/W2347104258","https://openalex.org/W2421094920","https://openalex.org/W2484860106"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2783324752","https://openalex.org/W1968136905","https://openalex.org/W49067265","https://openalex.org/W759530713","https://openalex.org/W7052181144","https://openalex.org/W983054455","https://openalex.org/W2301188081","https://openalex.org/W2760827611","https://openalex.org/W2284568090","https://openalex.org/W7097876022"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ENGLISH":[0],"ABSTRACT:Tuberculosis":[1],"(TB),":[2],"caused":[3,565],"by":[4,75,117,145,195,284,307,566,640,752],"Mycobacterium":[5,719],"Tuberculosis,":[6],"is":[7,53,143,580],"the":[8,26,134,162,175,199,221,230,245,250,271,281,299,319,325,331,340,350,365,379,392,404,412,418,427,434,437,463,471,485,490,533,539,549,555,570,676,708,738],"second":[9,332,435],"largest":[10],"cause":[11],"of":[12,25,29,41,54,63,104,141,165,201,215,223,236,253,273,316,361,608,618,622,631,675],"death":[13],"resulting":[14],"from":[15,395,462],"a":[16,80,111,478,613,626,670,695],"single":[17],"infectious":[18],"agent":[19,84,170,261],"globally.":[20],"South":[21,42],"Africa":[22],"has":[23],"one":[24],"highest":[27,320,326,333,341,352,413,419,428,436,438],"number":[28],"active":[30,45],"TB":[31,46,51,86],"cases":[32],"globally":[33],"and":[34,97,131,148,191,205,226,232,242,278,287,349,374,433,445,459,481,535,543,552,625,645,661,685],"it":[35],"was":[36,218,583,679,711,735],"estimated":[37],"that":[38,247,586,681,737],"approximately":[39],"1%":[40],"Africans":[43],"develops":[44],"each":[47,759],"year.":[48],"Multi-drug":[49],"resistant":[50],"(MDR-TB)":[52],"even":[55],"greater":[56],"concern":[57],"due":[58,89,573],"its":[59,91,108,123],"low":[60,146],"cure":[61],"rate":[62],"only":[64],"50%":[65],"for":[66,255,304,383,528,715,764],"treated":[67],"MDR-TB":[68],"patients.":[69],"The":[70,101,138,212,359,454,559,721],"lipopeptide":[71,233],"biosurfactant,":[72],"surfactin,":[73,105,254],"produced":[74],"various":[76],"Bacillus":[77],"species,":[78],"offers":[79],"promising":[81],"alternative":[82,587],"antimicrobial":[83,169,260,716,722,729,753,765],"against":[85,136,177,262,718,731,755],"causing":[87],"organisms":[88],"to":[90,93,114,157,160,171,219,269,310,386,397,469,484,511,563,574,589,635,713],"ability":[92],"lyse":[94],"cell":[95],"membranes":[96],"alter":[98],"membrane":[99],"permeability.":[100],"haemolytic":[102],"activity":[103,717,730],"however,":[106],"limits":[107],"use":[109,124,257],"as":[110,129,167,186,258,593,633,698,744],"medical":[112],"drug":[113],"be":[115,158,172,209,311,387,597,689,769],"ingested":[116],"humans,":[118],"but":[119],"does":[120],"not":[121,401,668,726],"limit":[122],"in":[125,133,174,239,371,477,489,513,532,538,548,569,599,694],"other":[126],"applications":[127],"such":[128,185,592,743],"detergents":[130],"disinfectants":[132],"fight":[135,176],"TB.":[137,178],"large-scale":[139],"production":[140,164,180,234,252,306,336,385,406,639],"surfactin":[142,166,305,321,327,335,342,353,384,405,414,420,429,440,446,450,544,638,658,662],"limited":[144,702],"yields":[147],"high":[149],"purification":[150,760],"costs,":[151],"hence":[152],"economically":[153],"attractive":[154],"approaches":[155],"needs":[156],"developed":[159],"realise":[161],"commercial":[163],"an":[168,259],"used":[173,268,468,712],"Lipopeptide":[179],"greatly":[181],"relies":[182],"on":[183,229,244,280,344,364,422,673],"factors":[184],"medium":[187,224],"composition,":[188],"process":[189,227,282,366,472,486],"conditions":[190,198,228,246,476,693],"environmental":[192],"factors,":[193],"thus":[194],"optimising":[196],"these":[197],"cost":[200],"both":[202],"upstream":[203,251],"processing,":[204],"downstream":[206],"purification,":[207],"can":[208],"reduced":[210],"significantly.":[211],"overall":[213],"aim":[214],"this":[216],"study":[217,270],"investigate":[220],"effect":[222,272,360,672],"composition":[225],"growth":[231],"kinetics":[235,283,367,473,487],"B.":[237,308,641],"subtilis":[238,309],"batch":[240,479,696],"culture":[241,551,572],"advise":[243],"will":[248],"improve":[249,403],"possible":[256],"M.":[263,732,756],"tuberculosis.":[264],"Shake":[265],"flasks":[266,373,515,700],"were":[267,368,467,482,508,561,651],"distinct":[274],"nitrogen":[275,291,301,456,614,682],"sources":[276],"(NH4+":[277],"NO3-)":[279],"supplying":[285],"ammonium":[286],"nitrate":[288],"at":[289],"discrete":[290],"ratios":[292],"(NH4-N:NO3-N).":[293],"A":[294,602],"rigorous":[295,375],"kinetic":[296,376,495],"analysis":[297],"yielded":[298,318,378,411,612],"optimum":[300],"source":[302,457,615,683],"ratio":[303,315,458,616,644,684],"0.5:0.5.":[312],"An":[313],"NH4-N:NO3-N":[314,643],"0.5:0.5":[317],"concentration":[322,363,382,394,415,461,498,517,621,666],"(1084":[323],"mg/L),":[324,417],"productivity":[328,430,441,545],"(36.1":[329],"mg/L/h),":[330,432],"specific":[334,439],"(Yp/x":[337,442],"=":[338,347,425,443,655],"0.078),":[339],"yield":[343,421],"glucose":[345,423],"(Yp/s":[346,424],"0.031)":[348],"third":[351],"selectivity":[354,447],"(5.11":[355],"gsurfactin":[356],"/":[357,451],"gfengycin).":[358],"manganese":[362,381,393,410,460,620,665],"also":[369,584,768],"studied":[370],"shake":[372,464,491,514,540,556,609,699],"evaluation":[377],"optimal":[380,455,634],"0.1":[388,398,408],"mM,":[389,624],"however":[390,577],"increasing":[391],"0.05":[396],"mM":[399,409],"did":[400,667,725],"significantly":[402],"kinetics.":[407],"(884":[416],"0.022),":[426,526],"(46.5":[431],"0.089)":[444],"(5.9":[448],"g":[449,452],"fengycin).":[453],"flask":[465,541,557,610],"studies":[466],"evaluate":[470],"under":[474,691],"controlled":[475,692],"bioreactor":[480,494,534,550,571,697],"compared":[483],"obtained":[488],"flasks.":[492],"All":[493],"parameters":[496,653],"(surfactin":[497,516],"\u2013":[499,503,506,518,522,525],"891":[500],"mg/L;":[501,520],"Yp/x":[502,521],"0.113;":[504],"Yp/s":[505,524],"0.021)":[507],"almost":[509],"identical":[510],"those":[512],"854":[519],"0.087;":[523],"except":[527],"\u03bcmax":[529],"(0.39":[530],"h-1":[531,537],"0.5":[536,632],"culture)":[542],"(18.56":[546],"mg/L/h":[547,554],"44.95":[553],"culture).":[558],"differences":[560],"attributed":[562],"interference":[564],"antifoam":[567],"addition":[568],"vigorous":[575],"foaming,":[576,591],"further":[578,741],"investigation":[579],"required.":[581],"It":[582,678,734],"recommended":[585,680,736],"methods":[588,763],"handle":[590],"foam":[594],"fractionation,":[595],"should":[596,688,767],"investigated":[598],"future":[600],"work.":[601],"response":[603],"surface":[604],"methodology":[605],"(CCD)":[606],"design":[607],"experiments":[611],"(NH4-N:NO3-N)":[617],"0.35:075,":[619],"0.06":[623],"relative":[627],"filling":[628,649],"volume":[629],"(RFV)":[630],"achieve":[636],"maximum":[637],"subtilis.":[642],"oxygen":[646,686,705],"availability":[647,687,706],"(relative":[648],"volume)":[650],"significant":[652,671],"(\u03b1":[654],"0.05)":[656],"affecting":[657],"concentration,":[659],"Yp/x,":[660],"selectivity,":[663],"whilst":[664],"have":[669],"any":[674,728],"responses.":[677],"optimised":[690],"offer":[701],"control":[703],"over":[704],"Finally,":[707],"cell-free":[709,723],"supernatant":[710,724,739],"test":[714],"aurum.":[720,733],"show":[727],"undergo":[740],"processing":[742],"acid":[745],"precipitation,":[746],"solvent":[747],"extraction":[748],"and/or":[749],"adsorption":[750],"followed":[751],"testing":[754,766],"aurum":[757],"after":[758],"step.":[761],"Different":[762],"investigated.":[770]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2019-06-14T00:00:00"}