{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2948115486","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6382/ab7bb7","title":"First-order formulation of teleparallel gravity and dual loop gravity","display_name":"First-order formulation of teleparallel gravity and dual loop gravity","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-03-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2948115486","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6382/ab7bb7","mag":"2948115486"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1088/1361-6382/ab7bb7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6382/ab7bb7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6382/ab7bb7","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-6382/ab7bb7/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S171172751","display_name":"Classical and Quantum Gravity","issn_l":"0264-9381","issn":["0264-9381","1361-6382"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Classical and Quantum Gravity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-6382/ab7bb7/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048327881","display_name":"Ma\u00eft\u00e9 Dupuis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4503-4558","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4503-4558"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183974707","display_name":"Perimeter Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/013m0ej23","country_code":"CA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183974707"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ma\u00eft\u00e9 Dupuis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada","Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183974707"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079836557","display_name":"Florian Girelli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9679-4973","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9679-4973"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Florian Girelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074780501","display_name":"Abdulmajid Osumanu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7407-7663","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7407-7663"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Abdulmajid Osumanu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Author to whom any correspondence should be addressed","Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7407-7663","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Author to whom any correspondence should be addressed","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022170865","display_name":"Wolfgang Wieland","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1371-3432","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1371-3432"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183974707","display_name":"Perimeter Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/013m0ej23","country_code":"CA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183974707"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wolfgang Wieland","raw_affiliation_strings":["Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1371-3432","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183974707"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022170865","https://openalex.org/A5048327881","https://openalex.org/A5074780501","https://openalex.org/A5079836557"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483","https://openalex.org/I183974707"],"apc_list":{"value":3325,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3325},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8739,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70196726,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"8","first_page":"085023","last_page":"085023"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11415","display_name":"Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories","score":0.9624000191688538,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11415","display_name":"Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories","score":0.9624000191688538,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11960","display_name":"Relativity and Gravitational Theory","score":0.02669999934732914,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10095","display_name":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","score":0.003800000064074993,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teleparallel-gravity","display_name":"teleparallel gravity","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/loop-quantum-gravity","display_name":"loop quantum gravity","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/first-order-formulation","display_name":"first-order formulation","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torsion","display_name":"torsion","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curvature","display_name":"curvature","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boundary-terms","display_name":"boundary terms","score":0.4869999885559082}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.8855999708175659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195065555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214881","display_name":"Curvature","level":2,"score":0.7067000269889832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77461463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7827201","display_name":"Torsion (gastropod)","level":2,"score":0.6435999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147452769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11452","display_name":"General relativity","level":2,"score":0.6003999710083008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73000952","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17007827","display_name":"Discretization","level":2,"score":0.5792999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124017977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11412","display_name":"Gravitation","level":2,"score":0.5419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37914503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495","display_name":"Mathematical physics","level":1,"score":0.517799973487854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130187892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133327","display_name":"Spacetime","level":2,"score":0.4357999861240387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.435699999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.4147999882698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4113999903202057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151342819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62542","display_name":"Phase space","level":2,"score":0.4056999981403351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184670325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q512604","display_name":"Loop (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.383899986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62354387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875399","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","level":2,"score":0.3601999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58801389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739962","display_name":"Loop quantum gravity","level":4,"score":0.35499998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141629334","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3266751","display_name":"f(R) gravity","level":4,"score":0.33719998598098755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.29919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779691726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5310214","display_name":"Dual loop","level":3,"score":0.28519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192939610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188444","display_name":"Differential geometry","level":2,"score":0.2734000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134328617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q546984","display_name":"Linearized gravity","level":3,"score":0.2694999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108568745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234181","display_name":"Quantum gravity","level":3,"score":0.260699987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182310444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1332643","display_name":"Boundary value problem","level":2,"score":0.25380000472068787}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1088/1361-6382/ab7bb7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6382/ab7bb7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6382/ab7bb7","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-6382/ab7bb7/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S171172751","display_name":"Classical and Quantum Gravity","issn_l":"0264-9381","issn":["0264-9381","1361-6382"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Classical and Quantum Gravity","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1906.02801","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1906.02801","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1906.02801","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1906.02801","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1906.02801","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1906.02801","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1088/1361-6382/ab7bb7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6382/ab7bb7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6382/ab7bb7","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-6382/ab7bb7/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S171172751","display_name":"Classical and Quantum Gravity","issn_l":"0264-9381","issn":["0264-9381","1361-6382"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Classical and Quantum Gravity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312716","display_name":"Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/03zp01h17"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319880","display_name":"Government of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/010q4q527"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331462","display_name":"Institut P\u00e9rim\u00e8tre de physique th\u00e9orique","ror":"https://ror.org/013m0ej23"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2948115486.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2948115486.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1598696203","https://openalex.org/W1810815773","https://openalex.org/W1840877361","https://openalex.org/W1933402382","https://openalex.org/W1947273351","https://openalex.org/W1981610565","https://openalex.org/W1995655577","https://openalex.org/W2027139691","https://openalex.org/W2117865533","https://openalex.org/W2119013594","https://openalex.org/W2341367875","https://openalex.org/W2579722406","https://openalex.org/W2624056860","https://openalex.org/W2754606102","https://openalex.org/W2810998625","https://openalex.org/W2899981916","https://openalex.org/W2936396912","https://openalex.org/W2984224373","https://openalex.org/W3025285286","https://openalex.org/W4233500204","https://openalex.org/W4235359194"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2406103898","https://openalex.org/W2373702933","https://openalex.org/W2936396912","https://openalex.org/W2770059514","https://openalex.org/W1984824434","https://openalex.org/W37460987","https://openalex.org/W4200514561","https://openalex.org/W2794608846","https://openalex.org/W3140364639","https://openalex.org/W7065611706"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"There":[1],"are":[2,65],"at":[3],"least":[4],"two":[5,61,68],"ways":[6],"to":[7,29,47,67,86,116,144,173],"encode":[8],"gravity":[9,53,64,89,108,142,158,169],"into":[10],"geometry:":[11],"Einstein\u2019s":[12],"general":[13],"theory":[14],"of":[15,34,38,43,63,71,150,164],"relativity":[16],"(GR)":[17],"for":[18,140],"the":[19,32,35,44,49,72,80,87,94,102,105,124,127,155,174],"metric":[20,177],"tensor,":[21],"and":[22,54,101],"teleparallel":[23,55,141,165],"gravity,":[24,166],"where":[25,93,112],"torsion":[26,96],"as":[27,136],"opposed":[28],"curvature":[30,113],"encodes":[31],"dynamics":[33],"gravitational":[36],"degrees":[37],"freedom.":[39],"The":[40,82,148],"main":[41],"purpose":[42],"paper":[45,152],"is":[46,98,104,114,121,160,170],"explore":[48],"relation":[50],"between":[51],"loop":[52,88,107,157,168],"gravity.":[56],"We":[57],"argue":[58],"that":[59,126,154],"these":[60],"formulations":[62],"related":[66,172],"different":[69],"discretizations":[70],"Einstein\u2013Cartan":[73,130],"action,":[74],"which":[75],"were":[76],"studied":[77],"recently":[78],"in":[79],"literature.":[81],"first":[83,100],"discretization":[84,163],"leads":[85],"kinematical":[90,109],"phase":[91,110],"space":[92,111],"zero":[95],"condition":[97],"enforced":[99],"other":[103],"dual":[106,156],"imposed":[115],"vanish":[117],"first.":[118],"Our":[119],"argument":[120],"based":[122],"on":[123],"observation":[125],"GR":[128,176],"first-order":[129,138],"action":[131,139],"can":[132],"also":[133],"be":[134],"seen":[135],"a":[137,145,161],"up":[143],"boundary":[146],"term.":[147],"results":[149],"our":[151],"suggest":[153],"framework":[159],"natural":[162],"whereas":[167],"naturally":[171],"standard":[175],"description.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2019-06-14T00:00:00"}