{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2947860141","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su11113101","title":"Sustainable Influence of Ethical Leadership on Work Performance: Empirical Study of Multinational Enterprise in South Korea","display_name":"Sustainable Influence of Ethical Leadership on Work Performance: Empirical Study of Multinational Enterprise in South Korea","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2947860141","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su11113101","mag":"2947860141"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/su11113101","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su11113101","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11113101","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/11/3101/pdf?version=1559369656","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/11/3101/pdf?version=1559369656","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084607400","display_name":"Seung\u2010Wan Kang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6170-1009","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6170-1009"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12832649","display_name":"Gachon University","ror":"https://ror.org/03ryywt80","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Seung-Wan Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Business, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6170-1009","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Business, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084607400"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"],"apc_list":{"value":1700,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1722},"apc_paid":{"value":1700,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1722},"fwci":3.8601,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92615175,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"11","first_page":"3101","last_page":"3101"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14436","display_name":"Employee Performance and Leadership","score":0.5532000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14436","display_name":"Employee Performance and Leadership","score":0.5532000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11058","display_name":"Ethics in Business and Education","score":0.33980000019073486,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10006","display_name":"Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior","score":0.07609999924898148,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethical-leadership","display_name":"ethical leadership","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/job-performance","display_name":"employee performance","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leader-follower-interaction","display_name":"leader-follower interaction","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mediation","display_name":"mediation","score":0.4690000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moderation","display_name":"moderation","score":0.5830000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multinational-enterprise","display_name":"multinational enterprise","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/team-leaders","display_name":"team leaders","score":0.6069999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organizational-ethics","display_name":"organizational ethics","score":0.45100000500679016}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108154423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1469792","display_name":"Salience (neuroscience)","level":2,"score":0.7644162178039551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158016649","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161726","display_name":"Multinational corporation","level":2,"score":0.7184044122695923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9354725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q286017","display_name":"Operationalization","level":2,"score":0.6697589755058289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157298493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5403411","display_name":"Ethical leadership","level":2,"score":0.6069337725639343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128268270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2264133","display_name":"Ethical code","level":2,"score":0.5658153891563416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5407618880271912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.5209485292434692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.49591073393821716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.3715469241142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2610112428665161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.07278794050216675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/su11113101","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su11113101","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11113101","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/11/3101/pdf?version=1559369656","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:11:p:3101-:d:236328","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/11/3101/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a7b42fc60fd847729652b67b0984e81a","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a7b42fc60fd847729652b67b0984e81a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability, Vol 11, Iss 11, p 3101 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/su11113101","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su11113101","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11113101","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/11/3101/pdf?version=1559369656","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.833299994468689,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3452993530","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2014S1A5A8014293","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2947860141.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2947860141.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1483406056","https://openalex.org/W1550621568","https://openalex.org/W1969826542","https://openalex.org/W1987691180","https://openalex.org/W1988650336","https://openalex.org/W1998384936","https://openalex.org/W2003061610","https://openalex.org/W2004348552","https://openalex.org/W2004530148","https://openalex.org/W2008365346","https://openalex.org/W2024278930","https://openalex.org/W2027277221","https://openalex.org/W2028179265","https://openalex.org/W2029896411","https://openalex.org/W2034534447","https://openalex.org/W2037710531","https://openalex.org/W2044531111","https://openalex.org/W2047474212","https://openalex.org/W2050616469","https://openalex.org/W2067708941","https://openalex.org/W2067725780","https://openalex.org/W2068719957","https://openalex.org/W2071692078","https://openalex.org/W2083589960","https://openalex.org/W2092218441","https://openalex.org/W2101304503","https://openalex.org/W2108738598","https://openalex.org/W2115217290","https://openalex.org/W2132189517","https://openalex.org/W2133328344","https://openalex.org/W2162437324","https://openalex.org/W2182177989","https://openalex.org/W2244218849","https://openalex.org/W2499520771","https://openalex.org/W2580835565","https://openalex.org/W2585797818","https://openalex.org/W2602472500","https://openalex.org/W2617625082","https://openalex.org/W2784918756","https://openalex.org/W2789165452","https://openalex.org/W2790874787","https://openalex.org/W2806219746","https://openalex.org/W2888658603","https://openalex.org/W2889732768","https://openalex.org/W2891833177","https://openalex.org/W2902424994","https://openalex.org/W2914068476","https://openalex.org/W2922049751","https://openalex.org/W2922320285","https://openalex.org/W2937948062","https://openalex.org/W2938755744","https://openalex.org/W2939540215","https://openalex.org/W2998819007","https://openalex.org/W3011865677","https://openalex.org/W3121193550","https://openalex.org/W3123282572","https://openalex.org/W4236130154","https://openalex.org/W4237568451","https://openalex.org/W4244137422","https://openalex.org/W4244949193","https://openalex.org/W6660916528","https://openalex.org/W7054811536"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2098365669","https://openalex.org/W2965120035","https://openalex.org/W7106123764","https://openalex.org/W6928990410","https://openalex.org/W3202126416","https://openalex.org/W2386562565","https://openalex.org/W4402275015","https://openalex.org/W4387193985","https://openalex.org/W2392977592","https://openalex.org/W4206553029"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1,17,167],"empirically":[2],"examines":[3,18],"the":[4,19,39,56,74,80,85,89,96,113,120,133,137,140,145,157],"route":[5],"by":[6],"which":[7,112],"managers\u2019":[8,75],"sustainable":[9],"ethical":[10,24,76,99,124],"leadership":[11,77,100,125],"influences":[12],"employees\u2019":[13,81],"work":[14,32,102,127],"performance.":[15,103],"The":[16,70,151],"relationships":[20],"of":[21,28,41,59,84,88,98,115,123,132,139,147,156],"four":[22],"variables:":[23],"leadership,":[25],"perceived":[26,82,130],"salience":[27,83,131],"an":[29],"ethics":[30,86,134],"code,":[31],"performance,":[33],"and":[34,55,153,161],"leader\u2013follower":[35,42,61,116,148],"distance,":[36],"operationalized":[37],"as":[38,144],"frequency":[40,114,146],"interaction.":[43],"Data":[44],"were":[45,68],"obtained":[46],"from":[47],"a":[48,105],"large":[49],"multinational":[50],"enterprise":[51],"in":[52,92,111],"South":[53],"Korea":[54],"questionnaires":[57],"responses":[58],"196":[60,66],"pairs":[62],"(196":[63],"team":[64],"leaders,":[65],"employees)":[67],"analyzed.":[69],"results":[71,158],"found":[72,110],"that":[73],"positively":[78,94,118],"influenced":[79],"code":[87],"organization,":[90],"which,":[91],"turn,":[93],"mediated":[95],"relationship":[97],"to":[101],"Furthermore,":[104],"conditional":[106],"indirect":[107,121,141],"effect":[108,122,142],"was":[109],"interaction":[117,149],"moderated":[119],"on":[126],"performance":[128],"via":[129],"code;":[135],"specifically,":[136],"strength":[138],"increased":[143],"increased.":[150],"theoretical":[152],"practical":[154],"implications":[155],"are":[159,168],"offered":[160],"limitations":[162],"with":[163],"suggestions":[164],"for":[165],"future":[166],"discussed.":[169]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-27T15:51:10.671819","created_date":"2019-06-07T00:00:00"}