{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2947375701","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2020/01/019","title":"Minisuperspace results for causal dynamical triangulations","display_name":"Minisuperspace results for causal dynamical triangulations","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2947375701","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2020/01/019","mag":"2947375701"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2020/01/019","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2020/01/019","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2020/01/019","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1475-7516/2020/01/019/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120662888","display_name":"Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics","issn_l":"1475-7508","issn":["1475-7508","1475-7516"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311669","host_organization_name":"Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1475-7516/2020/01/019/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013782585","display_name":"Bekir Bayta\u015f","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3432-1051","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3432-1051"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bekir Bayta\u015f","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Relativity and Gravitation & Physics Department, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","Institute for Gravitation and the Cosmos, The Pennsylvania State University, 104 Davey Lab, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Relativity and Gravitation & Physics Department, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Gravitation and the Cosmos, The Pennsylvania State University, 104 Davey Lab, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Martin Bojowald","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Bojowald","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Gravitation and the Cosmos, The Pennsylvania State University, 104 Davey Lab, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Gravitation and the Cosmos, The Pennsylvania State University, 104 Davey Lab, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sean Crowe","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126596746","display_name":"Jagiellonian University","ror":"https://ror.org/03bqmcz70","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126596746"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["PL","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sean Crowe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Gravitation and the Cosmos, The Pennsylvania State University, 104 Davey Lab, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A","Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, \u0141ojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Cracow, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Gravitation and the Cosmos, The Pennsylvania State University, 104 Davey Lab, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, \u0141ojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Cracow, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126596746"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075529194","display_name":"Jakub Mielczarek A B","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4533-6371","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4533-6371"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126596746","display_name":"Jagiellonian University","ror":"https://ror.org/03bqmcz70","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126596746"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143002897","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Toulon","ror":"https://ror.org/02m9kbe37","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143002897"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21491767","display_name":"Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/035xkbk20","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21491767"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160215","display_name":"Centre de Physique Th\u00e9orique","ror":"https://ror.org/052bbtn31","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I143002897","https://openalex.org/I21491767","https://openalex.org/I4210098836","https://openalex.org/I4210160215"]}],"countries":["FR","PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jakub Mielczarek","raw_affiliation_strings":["CPT, Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9, Universit\u00e9 de Toulon, CNRS, F-13288 Marseille, France","Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, \u0141ojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Cracow, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CPT, Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9, Universit\u00e9 de Toulon, CNRS, F-13288 Marseille, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I143002897","https://openalex.org/I21491767","https://openalex.org/I4210160215"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, \u0141ojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Cracow, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126596746"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3290,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3290},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2078,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.4,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"2020","issue":"01","first_page":"019","last_page":"019"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11415","display_name":"Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11415","display_name":"Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10095","display_name":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","score":0.003700000001117587,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10025","display_name":"Black Holes and Theoretical Physics","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-dynamical-triangulations","display_name":"causal dynamical triangulations","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minisuperspace-approximation","display_name":"minisuperspace approximation","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/effective-action","display_name":"effective action","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-fluctuations","display_name":"quantum fluctuations","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-fluctuations","display_name":"statistical fluctuations","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-of-time","display_name":"treatment of time","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scaling-behavior","display_name":"scaling behavior","score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-gravity","display_name":"quantum gravity","score":0.6890000104904175}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778440324","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6867709","display_name":"Minisuperspace","level":5,"score":0.9876000285148621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.7688000202178955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99844830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924","display_name":"Scaling","level":2,"score":0.5771999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.52920001745224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33332235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18362","display_name":"Theoretical physics","level":1,"score":0.47209998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.4334000051021576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163504300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2364925","display_name":"Causal structure","level":2,"score":0.31349998712539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.30250000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45018233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q780685","display_name":"Quantum cosmology","level":4,"score":0.2827000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64357122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1149766","display_name":"Causality (physics)","level":2,"score":0.25540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199238424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1368870","display_name":"Wheeler\u2013DeWitt equation","level":5,"score":0.2540000081062317}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2020/01/019","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2020/01/019","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2020/01/019","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1475-7516/2020/01/019/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120662888","display_name":"Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics","issn_l":"1475-7508","issn":["1475-7508","1475-7516"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311669","host_organization_name":"Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1905.11843","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1905.11843","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1905.11843","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ruj.uj.edu.pl:item/254888","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/254888","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401249","display_name":"Jagiellonian University Repository (Jagiellonian University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I126596746","host_organization_name":"Jagiellonian University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126596746"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-02159828v1","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-02159828","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405252976","host_organization_name":"Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252976"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, 2020, 01, pp.019. ⟨10.1088/1475-7516/2020/01/019⟩","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1905.11843","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1905.11843","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1905.11843","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2020/01/019","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2020/01/019","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2020/01/019","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1475-7516/2020/01/019/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120662888","display_name":"Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics","issn_l":"1475-7508","issn":["1475-7508","1475-7516"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311669","host_organization_name":"Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2119922297","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"11875006","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4294669765","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"11875006","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6932323232","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"11961131013","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8355605986","display_name":"Effective Descriptions of Quantum Gravity and Cosmology","funder_award_id":"1607414","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2947375701.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2947375701.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W845778636","https://openalex.org/W1220875850","https://openalex.org/W1543859157","https://openalex.org/W1976292882","https://openalex.org/W1990231886","https://openalex.org/W1994202099","https://openalex.org/W1995629283","https://openalex.org/W2010434136","https://openalex.org/W2019238454","https://openalex.org/W2032312410","https://openalex.org/W2047543854","https://openalex.org/W2060555983","https://openalex.org/W2078713162","https://openalex.org/W2081629270","https://openalex.org/W2085495509","https://openalex.org/W2085848292","https://openalex.org/W2089822599","https://openalex.org/W2098261606","https://openalex.org/W2101483245","https://openalex.org/W2101717506","https://openalex.org/W2115006655","https://openalex.org/W2126996502","https://openalex.org/W2141964663","https://openalex.org/W2151661264","https://openalex.org/W2170459222","https://openalex.org/W2211420631","https://openalex.org/W2487140895","https://openalex.org/W2617229307","https://openalex.org/W2709101910","https://openalex.org/W2797255991","https://openalex.org/W2893334848","https://openalex.org/W2898523397","https://openalex.org/W2898688867","https://openalex.org/W2962826482","https://openalex.org/W2963278858","https://openalex.org/W2988499113","https://openalex.org/W3021750766","https://openalex.org/W3101718537","https://openalex.org/W3101786323","https://openalex.org/W3105509044"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6986710103","https://openalex.org/W2315916071","https://openalex.org/W1678020047","https://openalex.org/W2325475399","https://openalex.org/W2685897041","https://openalex.org/W1650950487","https://openalex.org/W2487140895","https://openalex.org/W1605826370","https://openalex.org/W4302167072","https://openalex.org/W2056272288"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Detailed":[0],"applications":[1],"of":[2,17,26,40,48,56,73,99],"minisuperspace":[3,114],"methods":[4],"are":[5],"presented":[6],"and":[7,45,50,60,69],"compared":[8],"with":[9],"results":[10,62],"obtained":[11],"in":[12,23,79,96],"recent":[13],"years":[14],"by":[15,105],"means":[16],"causal":[18,80],"dynamical":[19,81],"triangulations":[20,82],"(CDTs),":[21],"mainly":[22],"the":[24,38,43,54,66,97,113],"form":[25,98],"effective":[27],"actions.":[28],"The":[29,88],"analysis":[30],"sheds":[31],"light":[32],"on":[33],"conceptual":[34],"questions":[35],"such":[36],"as":[37,110,112],"treatment":[39],"time":[41],"or":[42,102],"role":[44],"scaling":[46],"behavior":[47],"statistical":[49],"quantum":[51],"fluctuations.":[52],"In":[53],"case":[55],"fluctuations,":[57],"several":[58],"analytical":[59],"numerical":[61],"show":[63],"agreement":[64],"between":[65],"two":[67],"approaches":[68],"offer":[70],"possible":[71],"explanations":[72],"effects":[74],"that":[75],"have":[76],"been":[77],"seen":[78],"but":[83],"whose":[84],"origin":[85],"remained":[86],"unclear.":[87],"new":[89,100],"approach":[90],"followed":[91],"here":[92],"suggests":[93],"\"CDT":[94],"experiments\"":[95],"simulations":[101],"evaluations":[103],"motivated":[104],"theoretical":[106],"predictions,":[107],"testing":[108],"CDTs":[109],"well":[111],"approximation.":[115]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2019-06-07T00:00:00"}