{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2946354556","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26719/emhj.19.029","title":"Prevalence of hypertension and associated risk factors in older adults in Kurdistan, Iraq","display_name":"Prevalence of hypertension and associated risk factors in older adults in Kurdistan, Iraq","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-05-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2946354556","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26719/emhj.19.029","mag":"2946354556","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32281635"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.26719/emhj.19.029","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26719/emhj.19.029","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.26719/emhj.19.029","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.26719/emhj.19.029","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S175879142","display_name":"Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal","issn_l":"1020-3397","issn":["1020-3397","1687-1634"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319663","host_organization_name":"World Health Organization","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319663","https://openalex.org/P4310321776"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Health Organization","United Nations"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.26719/emhj.19.029","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112253439","display_name":"Mariwan H. Saka","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I167609691","display_name":"Hawler Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02a6g3h39","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I167609691"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mariwan Saka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167609691"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041444850","display_name":"Sherzad Abdulahad Shabu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8887-106X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8887-106X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I167609691","display_name":"Hawler Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02a6g3h39","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I167609691"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sherzad Shabu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Community Medicine, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Community Medicine, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167609691"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033841995","display_name":"Nazar Pauls Shabila","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8921-195X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8921-195X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I167609691","display_name":"Hawler Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02a6g3h39","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I167609691"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nazar Shabila","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Community Medicine, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Community Medicine, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167609691"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033841995"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167609691"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9651,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":45,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87308946,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"3","first_page":"268","last_page":"275"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10144","display_name":"Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10144","display_name":"Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12075","display_name":"Sodium Intake and Health","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14212","display_name":"Health Promotion and Cardiovascular Prevention","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prevalence-of-hypertension","display_name":"hypertension prevalence","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-adults","display_name":"older adults","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-factors-for-hypertension","display_name":"hypertension risk factors","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/undiagnosed-hypertension","display_name":"undiagnosed hypertension","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/obesity","display_name":"obesity","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unemployment","display_name":"unemployment","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/male-sex","display_name":"male sex","score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age","display_name":"age","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/erbil","display_name":"Erbil","score":0.6340000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kurdistan","display_name":"Kurdistan","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-pressure-screening","display_name":"blood pressure screening","score":0.5960000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-adherence","display_name":"medication adherence","score":0.6019999980926514}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8797850608825684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156957248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1862216","display_name":"Odds ratio","level":2,"score":0.6245312690734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.5730245113372803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84393581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82642","display_name":"Blood pressure","level":2,"score":0.5663769245147705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142052008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954027","display_name":"Cross-sectional study","level":2,"score":0.5185495018959045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4864354133605957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511355011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12174","display_name":"Obesity","level":2,"score":0.4809836149215698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38180746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1952580","display_name":"Multivariate analysis","level":2,"score":0.42796793580055237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.3426752984523773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.3275088667869568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.2761177718639374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000367","descriptor_name":"Age Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000959","descriptor_name":"Antihypertensive Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001794","descriptor_name":"Blood Pressure","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003430","descriptor_name":"Cross-Sectional Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006973","descriptor_name":"Hypertension","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006973","descriptor_name":"Hypertension","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007493","descriptor_name":"Iraq","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009765","descriptor_name":"Obesity","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012737","descriptor_name":"Sex Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012959","descriptor_name":"Socioeconomic Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015438","descriptor_name":"Health Behavior","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015995","descriptor_name":"Prevalence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055118","descriptor_name":"Medication Adherence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.26719/emhj.19.029","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26719/emhj.19.029","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.26719/emhj.19.029","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.26719/emhj.19.029","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S175879142","display_name":"Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal","issn_l":"1020-3397","issn":["1020-3397","1687-1634"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319663","host_organization_name":"World Health Organization","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319663","https://openalex.org/P4310321776"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Health Organization","United Nations"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32281635","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32281635","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Eastern Mediterranean health journal = La revue de sante de la Mediterranee orientale = al-Majallah al-sihhiyah li-sharq al-mutawassit","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.26719/emhj.19.029","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26719/emhj.19.029","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.26719/emhj.19.029","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.26719/emhj.19.029","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S175879142","display_name":"Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal","issn_l":"1020-3397","issn":["1020-3397","1687-1634"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319663","host_organization_name":"World Health Organization","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319663","https://openalex.org/P4310321776"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Health Organization","United Nations"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2946354556.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2946354556.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W283425538","https://openalex.org/W571572828","https://openalex.org/W1492736368","https://openalex.org/W1508428810","https://openalex.org/W1528748012","https://openalex.org/W1536463040","https://openalex.org/W1965607919","https://openalex.org/W1994389877","https://openalex.org/W2031685627","https://openalex.org/W2049870134","https://openalex.org/W2089019755","https://openalex.org/W2090842176","https://openalex.org/W2116717490","https://openalex.org/W2122326747","https://openalex.org/W2124461375","https://openalex.org/W2126125759","https://openalex.org/W2140241073","https://openalex.org/W2140678692","https://openalex.org/W2141784797","https://openalex.org/W2143954917","https://openalex.org/W2144360877","https://openalex.org/W2165865918","https://openalex.org/W2185202641","https://openalex.org/W2242566416","https://openalex.org/W2323865490","https://openalex.org/W2467296095","https://openalex.org/W2576633128","https://openalex.org/W2768267412","https://openalex.org/W2944413049","https://openalex.org/W4239096779","https://openalex.org/W6762500130"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2946280937","https://openalex.org/W4409341460","https://openalex.org/W1963850250","https://openalex.org/W3133245171","https://openalex.org/W2017183872","https://openalex.org/W1537414255","https://openalex.org/W2011801711","https://openalex.org/W2039411437","https://openalex.org/W3212271464","https://openalex.org/W4408171179"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Hypertension":[1],"is":[2,184],"an":[3],"important":[4],"public":[5],"health":[6,222],"problem":[7],"and":[8,17,39,84,93,120,161,217,224],"one":[9],"of":[10,27,32,95,118,179,190,209],"the":[11,25,41,88,100,126],"leading":[12],"risk":[13,42],"factors":[14,43,172],"for":[15],"morbidity":[16],"mortality":[18],"from":[19,59,87,203],"cardiovascular":[20],"diseases.":[21],"AIMS:":[22],"To":[23],"determine":[24],"prevalence":[26,178,189,208],"hypertension":[28,119,180,210],"in":[29,35,181,211],"a":[30,71,77,187],"population":[31],"older":[33],"adults":[34,68],"Erbil,":[36],"Kurdistan,":[37],"Iraq":[38],"identify":[40],"associated":[44,173],"with":[45,174,186],"hypertension.":[46,107,175,192],"METHODS:":[47],"A":[48],"community-based":[49],"cross-sectional":[50],"survey":[51],"based":[52],"on":[53],"household":[54],"visits":[55],"was":[56,195,201],"carried":[57],"out":[58],"April":[60],"to":[61,81,199],"June":[62],"2017.":[63],"The":[64,128,177],"study":[65,102],"involved":[66],"1480":[67,101],"selected":[69],"through":[70,90],"multistage":[72],"sampling":[73],"method.":[74],"We":[75],"used":[76],"specially":[78],"designed":[79],"questionnaire":[80],"collect":[82],"sociodemographic":[83],"clinical":[85],"data":[86],"participants":[89],"direct":[91],"interview":[92],"measurement":[94],"blood":[96],"pressure.":[97],"RESULTS:":[98],"Of":[99,108],"participants,":[103],"809":[104,110],"(54.7%)":[105],"had":[106],"these":[109],"hypertensive":[111],"patients,":[112],"375":[113],"(46.4%)":[114],"were":[115,123],"known":[116],"cases":[117],"434":[121],"(53.6%)":[122],"diagnosed":[124],"during":[125],"survey.":[127],"multivariate":[129],"analysis":[130],"identified":[131],"age":[132],"[odds":[133],"ratio":[134],"(OR)":[135],"=":[136,142,147,151,155,159,164,168],"1.1,":[137],"95%":[138,149,157,166],"confidence":[139],"interval":[140],"(CI)":[141],"1.08-1.11],":[143],"male":[144],"sex":[145],"(OR":[146,154,163],"2.72,":[148],"CI":[150,158,167],"1.91-3.87),":[152],"unemployment":[153],"1.85,":[156],"1.33-2.56),":[160],"obesity":[162],"2.20,":[165],"1.51-3.21)":[169],"as":[170],"significant":[171],"CONCLUSION:":[176],"Erbil":[182,212],"City":[183,213],"high,":[185],"high":[188,196,207],"undiagnosed":[191],"Treatment":[193],"compliance":[194],"but":[197],"access":[198],"drugs":[200],"primarily":[202],"private":[204],"pharmacies.":[205],"This":[206],"necessitates":[214],"effective":[215],"preventive":[216],"control":[218],"measures,":[219],"including":[220],"comprehensive":[221],"education":[223],"screening":[225],"programmes.":[226]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2019-05-29T00:00:00"}