{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2946328720","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0145445519847627","title":"Randomization Procedures for Changing Criterion Designs","display_name":"Randomization Procedures for Changing Criterion Designs","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-05-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2946328720","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0145445519847627","mag":"2946328720","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31081350"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/0145445519847627","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0145445519847627","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0145445519847627","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S31968085","display_name":"Behavior Modification","issn_l":"0145-4455","issn":["0145-4455","1552-4167"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Behavior Modification","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024529353","display_name":"John M. Ferron","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6263-5912","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6263-5912"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2613432","display_name":"University of South Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/032db5x82","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"John Ferron","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of South Florida, Tampa, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6263-5912","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of South Florida, Tampa, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033465241","display_name":"Lodi Rohrer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2613432","display_name":"University of South Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/032db5x82","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lodi L. Rohrer","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of South Florida, Tampa, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of South Florida, Tampa, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052460372","display_name":"Joel R. Levin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joel R. Levin","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Arizona, Tucson, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Arizona, Tucson, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5024529353"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.4485,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93723197,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"47","issue":"6","first_page":"1320","last_page":"1344"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10826","display_name":"Behavioral and Psychological Studies","score":0.7246000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10826","display_name":"Behavioral and Psychological Studies","score":0.7246000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11235","display_name":"Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials","score":0.05829999968409538,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10243","display_name":"Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference","score":0.031700000166893005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/changing-criterion-design","display_name":"changing criterion design","score":0.9440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/randomization","display_name":"randomization","score":0.6930000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-case-experimental-design","display_name":"single-case experimental design","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intervention-validity","display_name":"intervention validity","score":0.3970000147819519}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204243189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1363085","display_name":"Randomization","level":3,"score":0.726341962814331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151243789","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17148646","display_name":"Multiple baseline design","level":3,"score":0.6116241812705994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780224610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530061","display_name":"Credibility","level":2,"score":0.5993832349777222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21593803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7316306","display_name":"Restricted randomization","level":4,"score":0.5667343139648438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779318504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1438035","display_name":"Research design","level":2,"score":0.49964237213134766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.49708107113838196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.45422154664993286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.38422733545303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3258567154407501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.29707109928131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2781144976615906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.25928807258605957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2525084316730499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2470046877861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.11201658844947815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011897","descriptor_name":"Random Allocation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012107","descriptor_name":"Research Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/0145445519847627","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0145445519847627","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0145445519847627","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S31968085","display_name":"Behavior Modification","issn_l":"0145-4455","issn":["0145-4455","1552-4167"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Behavior Modification","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31081350","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31081350","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Behavior modification","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W192532615","https://openalex.org/W217934929","https://openalex.org/W1730782591","https://openalex.org/W1954146427","https://openalex.org/W1966174456","https://openalex.org/W1966900732","https://openalex.org/W1994506403","https://openalex.org/W2001189516","https://openalex.org/W2008609626","https://openalex.org/W2021514462","https://openalex.org/W2030687355","https://openalex.org/W2071655991","https://openalex.org/W2087387092","https://openalex.org/W2116178757","https://openalex.org/W2145958061","https://openalex.org/W2427005858","https://openalex.org/W2471926567","https://openalex.org/W2501914709","https://openalex.org/W2612575796","https://openalex.org/W2624322989","https://openalex.org/W2730770742","https://openalex.org/W2753059086","https://openalex.org/W2883382583","https://openalex.org/W2910163157","https://openalex.org/W2911875847","https://openalex.org/W2914742409","https://openalex.org/W4245170331"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4220877212","https://openalex.org/W2910163157","https://openalex.org/W2001189516","https://openalex.org/W4389546171","https://openalex.org/W2052958641","https://openalex.org/W217934929","https://openalex.org/W7033478191","https://openalex.org/W7160533935","https://openalex.org/W2008609626","https://openalex.org/W2020419845"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"strengthen":[1],"the":[2,17,30,72,100,104,108,111],"scientific":[3],"credibility":[4],"arguments":[5],"for":[6,16,26,45,66,82,93],"single-case":[7,70],"intervention":[8],"studies,":[9],"randomization":[10,64,79,105],"design-and-analysis":[11,80],"methods":[12,65,81,92,106],"have":[13],"been":[14],"developed":[15],"multiple-baseline,":[18],"ABAB,":[19],"and":[20,32,87,90,107],"alternating":[21],"treatment":[22],"designs,":[23,28,47],"including":[24],"options":[25,44],"preplanned":[27,83],"wherein":[29,48],"series":[31],"phase":[33],"lengths":[34],"are":[35],"established":[36],"prior":[37],"to":[38,56,62],"gathering":[39],"data,":[40],"as":[41,43],"well":[42],"response-guided":[46,94],"ongoing":[49],"visual":[50],"analyses":[51],"guide":[52],"decisions":[53],"about":[54],"when":[55],"intervene.":[57],"Our":[58],"purpose":[59],"here":[60],"is":[61],"develop":[63,89],"another":[67],"class":[68],"of":[69,110],"design,":[71],"changing":[73,84,95],"criterion":[74,85,96],"design.":[75],"We":[76,98],"first":[77],"illustrate":[78,91],"designs":[86],"then":[88],"designs.":[97],"discuss":[99],"limitations":[101],"associated":[102],"with":[103],"validity":[109],"corresponding":[112],"intervention-effect":[113],"inferences.":[114]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2019-05-29T00:00:00"}