{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2945978249","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24101912","title":"Carbazole Derivatives as Antiviral Agents: An Overview","display_name":"Carbazole Derivatives as Antiviral Agents: An Overview","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-05-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2945978249","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24101912","mag":"2945978249","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31109016","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6572111"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/molecules24101912","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24101912","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24101912","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/10/1912/pdf?version=1559032141","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108911230","display_name":"Molecules","issn_l":"1420-3049","issn":["1420-3049","1433-1373"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","medline","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Molecules","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/10/1912/pdf?version=1559032141","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103129758","display_name":"Anna Caruso","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8756-5087","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8756-5087","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0145-4234"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45204951","display_name":"University of Calabria","ror":"https://ror.org/02rc97e94","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45204951"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anna Caruso","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmacy, Health & Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmacy, Health & Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45204951"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072399160","display_name":"Jessica Ceramella","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1386-3601","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1386-3601"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45204951","display_name":"University of Calabria","ror":"https://ror.org/02rc97e94","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45204951"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jessica Ceramella","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmacy, Health & Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmacy, Health & Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45204951"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039725997","display_name":"Domenico Iacopetta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5179-7118","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5179-7118"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45204951","display_name":"University of Calabria","ror":"https://ror.org/02rc97e94","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45204951"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Domenico Iacopetta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmacy, Health & Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5179-7118","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmacy, Health & Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45204951"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007339780","display_name":"Carmela Saturnino","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7419-8780","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7419-8780","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2815-8611"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20272500","display_name":"University of Basilicata","ror":"https://ror.org/03tc05689","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20272500"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carmela Saturnino","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20272500"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026119238","display_name":"Maria Vittoria Mauro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1447-3071","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1447-3071"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Vittoria Mauro","raw_affiliation_strings":["UOC Microbiologia e Virologia AO Annunziata, 87100 Cosenza, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UOC Microbiologia e Virologia AO Annunziata, 87100 Cosenza, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Rosalinda Bruno","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45204951","display_name":"University of Calabria","ror":"https://ror.org/02rc97e94","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45204951"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rosalinda Bruno","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmacy, Health & Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmacy, Health & Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45204951"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006689393","display_name":"Stefano Aquaro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8417-2103","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8417-2103"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45204951","display_name":"University of Calabria","ror":"https://ror.org/02rc97e94","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45204951"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefano Aquaro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmacy, Health & Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmacy, Health & Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45204951"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037298250","display_name":"Maria Stefania Sinicropi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2435-8931","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2435-8931"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45204951","display_name":"University of Calabria","ror":"https://ror.org/02rc97e94","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45204951"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Stefania Sinicropi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmacy, Health & Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2435-8931","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmacy, Health & Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45204951"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039725997","https://openalex.org/A5072399160"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45204951"],"apc_list":{"value":1800,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1824},"apc_paid":{"value":1800,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1824},"fwci":1.122,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":134,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73593466,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"10","first_page":"1912","last_page":"1912"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13188","display_name":"Synthesis and bioactivity of alkaloids","score":0.7348999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13188","display_name":"Synthesis and bioactivity of alkaloids","score":0.7348999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10274","display_name":"Heterocyclic Compound Synthesis and Bioactivity","score":0.22499999403953552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13160","display_name":"Synthesis and Biological Evaluation","score":0.009499999694526196,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbazole-derivatives","display_name":"carbazole derivatives","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antiviral-agents","display_name":"antiviral agents","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/privileged-scaffolds","display_name":"privileged scaffolds","score":0.6909999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-discovery","display_name":"drug discovery","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antiviral-resistance","display_name":"antiviral resistance","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv","display_name":"HIV","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hepatitis-c-virus","display_name":"hepatitis C virus","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-infection","display_name":"viral infection","score":0.6729999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structure-activity-relationship","display_name":"structure-activity relationship","score":0.6240000128746033}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776127813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424003","display_name":"Carbazole","level":2,"score":0.913723349571228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.49325841665267944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21951064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899212","display_name":"Combinatorial chemistry","level":1,"score":0.4344821572303772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.39280304312705994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2115687131881714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.1873251497745514}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000998","descriptor_name":"Antiviral Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000998","descriptor_name":"Antiviral Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000998","descriptor_name":"Antiviral Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002227","descriptor_name":"Carbazoles","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002227","descriptor_name":"Carbazoles","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002227","descriptor_name":"Carbazoles","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014777","descriptor_name":"Virus Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014777","descriptor_name":"Virus Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014780","descriptor_name":"Viruses","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014780","descriptor_name":"Viruses","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015394","descriptor_name":"Molecular Structure","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058873","descriptor_name":"Pandemics","qualifier_ui":"Q000662","qualifier_name":"veterinary","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/molecules24101912","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24101912","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24101912","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/10/1912/pdf?version=1559032141","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108911230","display_name":"Molecules","issn_l":"1420-3049","issn":["1420-3049","1433-1373"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","medline","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Molecules","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31109016","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31109016","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6572111","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6572111/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Molecules","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ricerca.univaq.it:11697/247822","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11697/247822","pdf_url":"https://ricerca.univaq.it/bitstream/11697/247822/1/Caruso%20et%20al%20moecules%202019.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055225","display_name":"Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Universit\u00e0 degli Studi dell Aquila","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ac7a20d2bbc643abae6da6d31b6776cd","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ac7a20d2bbc643abae6da6d31b6776cd","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Molecules, Vol 24, Iss 10, p 1912 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unibas.it:11563/136597","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11563/136597","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196360","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Basilicata)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I20272500","host_organization_name":"University of Basilicata","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20272500"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unical.it:20.500.11770/293526","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11770/293526","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196898","display_name":"Archive of Doctoral Theses and Digital Collections (University of Calabria)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45204951","host_organization_name":"University of Calabria","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45204951"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/molecules24101912","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24101912","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24101912","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/10/1912/pdf?version=1559032141","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108911230","display_name":"Molecules","issn_l":"1420-3049","issn":["1420-3049","1433-1373"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","medline","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Molecules","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1856065767","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2015W729WH_007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321873","funder_display_name":"Ministero dell\u2019Istruzione, dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321873","display_name":"Ministero dell\u2019Istruzione, dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","ror":"https://ror.org/0166hxq48"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2945978249.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2945978249.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":98,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W200071826","https://openalex.org/W1872036705","https://openalex.org/W1883388481","https://openalex.org/W1921212788","https://openalex.org/W1967711859","https://openalex.org/W1974325508","https://openalex.org/W1977300462","https://openalex.org/W1980012242","https://openalex.org/W1982721702","https://openalex.org/W1983119654","https://openalex.org/W1983484396","https://openalex.org/W1987087121","https://openalex.org/W1988652982","https://openalex.org/W1991405020","https://openalex.org/W1996083965","https://openalex.org/W1998617370","https://openalex.org/W2001127577","https://openalex.org/W2007119893","https://openalex.org/W2007348883","https://openalex.org/W2008495166","https://openalex.org/W2010438684","https://openalex.org/W2011445639","https://openalex.org/W2011630381","https://openalex.org/W2015216410","https://openalex.org/W2015772291","https://openalex.org/W2016240547","https://openalex.org/W2020400759","https://openalex.org/W2020967677","https://openalex.org/W2022108422","https://openalex.org/W2024672335","https://openalex.org/W2025814748","https://openalex.org/W2026130558","https://openalex.org/W2029319917","https://openalex.org/W2031200950","https://openalex.org/W2036268511","https://openalex.org/W2039603068","https://openalex.org/W2041077699","https://openalex.org/W2046424167","https://openalex.org/W2048608017","https://openalex.org/W2054737225","https://openalex.org/W2055531146","https://openalex.org/W2056774192","https://openalex.org/W2068837034","https://openalex.org/W2072945014","https://openalex.org/W2074440983","https://openalex.org/W2074918485","https://openalex.org/W2076335373","https://openalex.org/W2078643215","https://openalex.org/W2081341894","https://openalex.org/W2086141003","https://openalex.org/W2086887894","https://openalex.org/W2087533365","https://openalex.org/W2102390355","https://openalex.org/W2105704401","https://openalex.org/W2107432455","https://openalex.org/W2116041961","https://openalex.org/W2123175702","https://openalex.org/W2125058204","https://openalex.org/W2126029100","https://openalex.org/W2131377054","https://openalex.org/W2131480973","https://openalex.org/W2133963802","https://openalex.org/W2134892707","https://openalex.org/W2138115368","https://openalex.org/W2138700400","https://openalex.org/W2139674860","https://openalex.org/W2143563122","https://openalex.org/W2144131007","https://openalex.org/W2145513855","https://openalex.org/W2146193551","https://openalex.org/W2153886504","https://openalex.org/W2157554614","https://openalex.org/W2158636026","https://openalex.org/W2162106505","https://openalex.org/W2164710273","https://openalex.org/W2178362803","https://openalex.org/W2263907004","https://openalex.org/W2282883256","https://openalex.org/W2299729257","https://openalex.org/W2306851511","https://openalex.org/W2318289184","https://openalex.org/W2320894320","https://openalex.org/W2322446758","https://openalex.org/W2338176001","https://openalex.org/W2498490523","https://openalex.org/W2526219494","https://openalex.org/W2528562900","https://openalex.org/W2604017328","https://openalex.org/W2659662159","https://openalex.org/W2785453685","https://openalex.org/W2785546350","https://openalex.org/W2786995466","https://openalex.org/W2795407404","https://openalex.org/W2799714806","https://openalex.org/W2896678986","https://openalex.org/W2950354719","https://openalex.org/W2953343613","https://openalex.org/W6608204301"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2374987775","https://openalex.org/W4367832353","https://openalex.org/W2907840504","https://openalex.org/W4414028410","https://openalex.org/W7128519629","https://openalex.org/W2785546350","https://openalex.org/W2964320777","https://openalex.org/W3091770718","https://openalex.org/W4297727111","https://openalex.org/W3207936452"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Viruses":[0],"represent":[1],"the":[2,40,43,53,75,84,138,141],"most":[3],"common":[4],"cause":[5,19],"of":[6,39,42,79,86,94,120],"infectious":[7],"diseases":[8,26],"worldwide":[9],"and":[10,15,21,48,68,118,155,159],"those":[11],"with":[12,30,111,148],"rapid":[13],"propagation":[14],"high":[16],"infection":[17],"rates":[18],"human":[20],"animal":[22],"pandemics.":[23],"These":[24,163],"fast-spreading":[25],"are":[27],"generally":[28],"treated":[29],"antiviral":[31,124,172],"drugs":[32,164],"but,":[33],"often,":[34],"drug":[35,107],"resistance":[36],"occurs":[37],"because":[38],"ability":[41],"pathogens":[44],"to":[45,52,77],"mutate":[46],"rapidly":[47],"become":[49],"less":[50],"susceptible":[51],"treatments.":[54],"Even":[55],"though":[56],"new":[57,80,146],"antivirals":[58],"have":[59,90,115,122,152],"been":[60,116],"approved,":[61],"e.g.,":[62],"in":[63,106,144,157,160,171],"HIV":[64],"(human":[65],"immunodeficiency":[66],"virus)":[67,72],"HCV":[69],"(hepatitis":[70],"C":[71],"therapeutic":[73],"areas,":[74,99],"need":[76],"dispose":[78],"pharmaceutical":[81],"tools":[82],"for":[83],"management":[85],"infections":[87],"that":[88,151],"still":[89],"no":[91],"treatment":[92],"is":[93],"growing":[95],"interest.":[96],"In":[97],"these":[98],"carbazole":[100,135],"represents":[101],"an":[102,129],"important":[103],"privileged":[104],"scaffold":[105],"discovery.":[108],"Many":[109],"compounds":[110],"a":[112],"carbazolic":[113,149],"core":[114],"developed":[117],"some":[119,132],"them":[121],"shown":[123,153],"activity.":[125],"This":[126],"review":[127],"provides":[128],"overview":[130],"on":[131,140],"already":[133],"known":[134],"derivatives,":[136],"pointing":[137],"attention":[139],"running":[142],"progresses":[143],"identifying":[145],"molecules":[147],"structure,":[150],"interesting":[154],"encouraging":[156],"vitro":[158],"vivo":[161],"properties.":[162],"may":[165],"be":[166],"exploited":[167],"as":[168],"valid":[169],"alternatives":[170],"therapy.":[173]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2019-05-29T00:00:00"}