{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2945795482","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2518763","title":"PlumeNET: a convolutional neural network for plume classification in thermal imagery","display_name":"PlumeNET: a convolutional neural network for plume classification in thermal imagery","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-05-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2945795482","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2518763","mag":"2945795482"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2518763","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2518763","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2518763","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407120890","display_name":"SPIE Computational Imaging","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Imaging IV","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102386072","display_name":"Christian Smith","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113003","display_name":"Physical Sciences (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/021qvjc46","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113003"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian W. Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Physical Sciences Inc. (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physical Sciences Inc. (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113003"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106184695","display_name":"Julia Rentz Dupuis","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113003","display_name":"Physical Sciences (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/021qvjc46","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113003"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julia R. Dupuis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Physical Sciences Inc. (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physical Sciences Inc. (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113003"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060535084","display_name":"William J. Marinelli","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113003","display_name":"Physical Sciences (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/021qvjc46","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113003"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William J. Marinelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Physical Sciences Inc. (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physical Sciences Inc. (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113003"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113003"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.03331117,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":null,"first_page":"20","last_page":"20"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.5238999724388123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.5238999724388123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":0.26510000228881836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.038600001484155655,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-imagery","display_name":"thermal imagery","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-networks","display_name":"convolutional neural networks","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemical-warfare-agents","display_name":"chemical warfare agents","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biological-warfare-agents","display_name":"biological warfare agents","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerosol-plumes","display_name":"aerosol plumes","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-threat-detection","display_name":"real-time threat detection","score":0.6269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/background-clutter","display_name":"background clutter","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/activation-mapping","display_name":"activation mapping","score":0.7149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cnn-architecture-comparison","display_name":"CNN architecture comparison","score":0.6790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dugway-proving-ground","display_name":"Dugway Proving Ground","score":0.8830000162124634}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132094186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641585","display_name":"Clutter","level":3,"score":0.7964500784873962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.7946428060531616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6298277378082275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5890980362892151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.5724825859069824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5319443345069885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75294576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165192","display_name":"Contextual image classification","level":3,"score":0.4577521085739136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.43952909111976624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.39254605770111084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.36500298976898193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3527093529701233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.21626505255699158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.15460047125816345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.10951197147369385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2518763","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2518763","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2518763","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407120890","display_name":"SPIE Computational Imaging","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Imaging IV","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1498436455","https://openalex.org/W1530262073","https://openalex.org/W1665214252","https://openalex.org/W1677182931","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1904365287","https://openalex.org/W2040870580","https://openalex.org/W2052587183","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2169393322","https://openalex.org/W2295107390","https://openalex.org/W2560674852","https://openalex.org/W2610782366","https://openalex.org/W4249594181","https://openalex.org/W6629815555"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4253115260","https://openalex.org/W4411194009","https://openalex.org/W753146957","https://openalex.org/W7095821937","https://openalex.org/W7171158599","https://openalex.org/W4309979833","https://openalex.org/W7213922224","https://openalex.org/W7167741356","https://openalex.org/W7162268447","https://openalex.org/W4288751826"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,35,55,87],"development":[1],"of":[2,29,47,67,90],"PlumeNet,":[3],"a":[4,20],"thermal":[5,45],"imagery":[6,46],"based":[7],"classifier":[8],"for":[9,25],"aerosolized":[10],"chemical":[11],"and":[12],"biological":[13],"warfare":[14],"agents,":[15],"is":[16,19,76,102],"detailed.":[17,103],"PlumeNet":[18,84,91],"convolutional":[21,59],"neural":[22,60],"network":[23,61],"designed":[24],"the":[26,41,68,80],"real-time":[27],"classification":[28,88],"threat-like":[30],"plumes":[31,49],"from":[32,40],"background":[33],"clutter.":[34],"model":[36,70],"weights":[37],"were":[38],"trained":[39],"ground":[42],"up":[43],"using":[44],"simulant":[48],"recorded":[50],"at":[51,92,98],"various":[52],"test":[53],"events.":[54],"performance":[56,89],"between":[57],"different":[58],"architectures":[62],"are":[63],"compared.":[64],"An":[65],"analysis":[66],"final":[69],"layers":[71],"through":[72],"activation":[73],"mapping":[74],"methods":[75,81],"performed":[77],"to":[78],"demystify":[79],"by":[82],"which":[83],"performs":[85],"classification.":[86],"government":[93],"conducted":[94],"open-release":[95],"field":[96],"testing":[97],"Dugway":[99],"Proving":[100],"Ground":[101]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2019-05-29T00:00:00"}
