{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2944742879","doi":null,"title":"A contrastive cross-cultural study of the speech act of correction in Egyptian Arabic and American English","display_name":"A contrastive cross-cultural study of the speech act of correction in Egyptian Arabic and American English","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2944742879","mag":"2944742879"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.uni.edu:etd-1880","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.uni.edu/etd/599","pdf_url":"https://scholarworks.uni.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1880&context=etd","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196489","display_name":"UNI ScholarWorks (University of Northern Iowa)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I119234918","host_organization_name":"University of Northern Iowa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119234918"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Dissertations and Theses @ UNI","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://scholarworks.uni.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1880&context=etd","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001429914","display_name":"Nadir Anis","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nadir Anis","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5001429914"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13538","display_name":"Linguistics and Language Analysis","score":0.6758000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13538","display_name":"Linguistics and Language Analysis","score":0.6758000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10383","display_name":"Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies","score":0.3037000000476837,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10366","display_name":"Discourse Analysis in Language Studies","score":0.005100000184029341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mitigation","display_name":"mitigation","score":0.4729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aggravation","display_name":"aggravation","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/egyptian-arabic","display_name":"Egyptian Arabic","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/american-english","display_name":"American English","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-cultural-pragmatics","display_name":"cross-cultural pragmatics","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/illocutionary-force","display_name":"illocutionary force","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/status-relations","display_name":"status relations","score":0.39800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/address-terms","display_name":"address terms","score":0.7059999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hedging","display_name":"hedging","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collectivism","display_name":"collectivism","score":0.6470000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/individualism","display_name":"individualism","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stylistic-shift","display_name":"stylistic change","score":0.6330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultural-orientation","display_name":"cultural orientation","score":0.3479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discourse-completion-test","display_name":"discourse completion test","score":0.5979999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-acts","display_name":"speech acts","score":0.3019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/politeness-strategies","display_name":"politeness strategies","score":0.4959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classroom-interaction","display_name":"classroom interaction","score":0.3330000042915344}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96455323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13955","display_name":"Arabic","level":2,"score":0.7559033036231995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.7177677154541016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777629044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q614959","display_name":"Contrastive analysis","level":2,"score":0.45413148403167725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4101708233356476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.3276767134666443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.10477295517921448}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.uni.edu:etd-1880","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.uni.edu/etd/599","pdf_url":"https://scholarworks.uni.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1880&context=etd","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196489","display_name":"UNI ScholarWorks (University of Northern Iowa)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I119234918","host_organization_name":"University of Northern Iowa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119234918"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Dissertations and Theses @ UNI","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2944742879","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.uni.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1880&context=etd","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.uni.edu:etd-1880","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.uni.edu/etd/599","pdf_url":"https://scholarworks.uni.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1880&context=etd","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196489","display_name":"UNI ScholarWorks (University of Northern Iowa)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I119234918","host_organization_name":"University of Northern Iowa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119234918"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Dissertations and Theses @ UNI","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2944742879.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2944742879.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":80,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W18851727","https://openalex.org/W25652266","https://openalex.org/W66584124","https://openalex.org/W152371320","https://openalex.org/W192547972","https://openalex.org/W340685100","https://openalex.org/W560744217","https://openalex.org/W581888472","https://openalex.org/W1486985338","https://openalex.org/W1504666850","https://openalex.org/W1512938120","https://openalex.org/W1556924958","https://openalex.org/W1568602743","https://openalex.org/W1576632330","https://openalex.org/W1896027656","https://openalex.org/W1963679057","https://openalex.org/W1964164866","https://openalex.org/W1969787028","https://openalex.org/W1974543382","https://openalex.org/W1975102777","https://openalex.org/W1989747286","https://openalex.org/W1996986712","https://openalex.org/W2001887556","https://openalex.org/W2007610391","https://openalex.org/W2008550732","https://openalex.org/W2012769648","https://openalex.org/W2015933299","https://openalex.org/W2017302109","https://openalex.org/W2017686617","https://openalex.org/W2022472404","https://openalex.org/W2033632398","https://openalex.org/W2034805957","https://openalex.org/W2038788590","https://openalex.org/W2040687664","https://openalex.org/W2050493538","https://openalex.org/W2059295013","https://openalex.org/W2061139909","https://openalex.org/W2061496281","https://openalex.org/W2063434887","https://openalex.org/W2066352394","https://openalex.org/W2066371277","https://openalex.org/W2067319996","https://openalex.org/W2069690225","https://openalex.org/W2071953063","https://openalex.org/W2072404599","https://openalex.org/W2079730890","https://openalex.org/W2080115513","https://openalex.org/W2088251040","https://openalex.org/W2088861238","https://openalex.org/W2090196591","https://openalex.org/W2091312369","https://openalex.org/W2093475537","https://openalex.org/W2097780989","https://openalex.org/W2106017321","https://openalex.org/W2106628486","https://openalex.org/W2116084192","https://openalex.org/W2116892290","https://openalex.org/W2122273965","https://openalex.org/W2131152263","https://openalex.org/W2135547275","https://openalex.org/W2140918013","https://openalex.org/W2150939724","https://openalex.org/W2155389693","https://openalex.org/W2157827826","https://openalex.org/W2159035740","https://openalex.org/W2170716495","https://openalex.org/W2177755640","https://openalex.org/W2264742718","https://openalex.org/W2346377537","https://openalex.org/W2419217635","https://openalex.org/W2481156285","https://openalex.org/W2543544936","https://openalex.org/W2560918950","https://openalex.org/W2578140685","https://openalex.org/W2767331297","https://openalex.org/W2798304687","https://openalex.org/W2799164369","https://openalex.org/W2891822019","https://openalex.org/W2906203074","https://openalex.org/W3217322164"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6988177741","https://openalex.org/W2929486074","https://openalex.org/W3024877825","https://openalex.org/W1993536096","https://openalex.org/W1578561728","https://openalex.org/W2911556570","https://openalex.org/W2804664403","https://openalex.org/W2743388087","https://openalex.org/W3137450160","https://openalex.org/W2524466312"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,20,88,124,272,416],"present":[1,420],"study":[2,24,128,276,421,482],"is":[3,25,299,305,325,331,375,381,452,475],"an":[4],"empirical":[5],"cross-cultural":[6],"investigation":[7],"of":[8,12,22,39,44,84,116,126,148,161,177,205,229,250,259,274,282,309,311,317,341,360,393,409,418,427,437,443,450,467,492],"the":[9,23,36,72,82,127,172,186,190,203,212,216,227,232,246,251,255,264,270,275,283,290,295,339,358,367,371,391,407,413,419,425,447,458,465,479,481],"speech":[10,50],"act":[11],"correction":[13,117,451],"in":[14,42,48,140,153,175,189,202,215,226,238,280,287,294,315,346,350,363,397,412,454],"Egyptian":[15,217,296,496],"Arabic":[16,469],"and":[17,29,32,46,66,86,107,121,133,289,319,399,445,495],"American":[18,191,368,414,455,493],"English.":[19,456],"purpose":[21],"to":[26,59,92,182,209,301,333,377,424,464,486],"examine":[27],"how":[28,444],"why":[30,446],"Egyptians":[31,65,134,233,256],"U.S.":[33,69,291],"Americans":[34,132],"modify":[35],"illocutionary":[37,448],"force":[38,449],"their":[40],"corrections":[41,61,94],"terms":[43,176,249,281,316],"mitigation":[45,136,253,342,394],"aggravation":[47,230,235,361,410],"different":[49,96,102,114],"situations.":[51,184,401],"A":[52],"Discourse":[53],"Completion":[54],"Task/Test":[55],"(OCT)":[56],"was":[57,167,193,198,219,225,263],"used":[58,91,234,268],"elicit":[60,93],"from":[62,180,207],"30":[63,67],"Arabic-speaking":[64,435],"English-speaking":[68],"Americans.":[70,247,271],"All":[71],"respondents":[73],"were":[74],"either":[75],"university":[76,79],"students":[77],"or":[78],"graduates":[80],"between":[81,171,313,490],"ages":[83],"18":[85],"35.":[87],"six":[89],"situations":[90,142,155],"represented":[95],"settings":[97],"(e.g.,":[98],"classroom,":[99],"restaurant,\u2022":[100],"theater),":[101],"interlocutor":[103],"relationships":[104],"(i.e.,":[105,118,143,156,196],"equal":[106],"unequal":[108],"status":[109,318],"relationships),":[110],"as":[111,113,302,378,430,470],"well":[112],"types":[115],"both":[119,131],"information":[120],"action":[122],"correction).":[123],"findings":[125,417],"show":[129],"that":[130,328,478],"use":[135,340,359,392],"strategies":[137,343,362,395,411],"more":[138,244,344],"frequently":[139,267,345],"lower-higher":[141,181,208,347,398],"when":[144,157],"correcting":[145,158],"a":[146,149,159,162,168,199,306,382,440,471,487],"person":[147,160],"higher":[150],"status)":[151],"than":[152,245,349],"higher-lower":[154,183,210,239,351,364],"lower":[163],"status).":[164],"However,":[165],"there":[166,197,304,380],"marked":[169],"difference":[170,224],"two":[173],"groups":[174],"style":[178,187,213],"shift":[179,188,214],"Whereas":[185],"data":[192,218],"only":[194],"30%":[195,200],"increase":[201],"frequency":[204,228],"mitigators":[206],"situations),":[211],"171":[220],"%.":[221],"Another":[222],"major":[223],"strategies:":[231],"strategies,":[236,254],"especially":[237],"situations,":[240],"almost":[241],"five":[242],"times":[243],"In":[248,321,366,457],"preferred":[252,257],"forms":[258],"address":[260],"whereas":[261],"hedging":[262],"strategy":[265],"most":[266],"by":[269,433],"results":[273],"can":[277,336,354,388,403,422,462,484],"be":[278],"explained":[279],"underlying":[284],"cultural":[285],"orientations":[286],"Egypt":[288],"For":[292],"example,":[293],"society,":[297,369],"which":[298,374],"referred":[300,376],"Collectivistic,":[303],"high":[307],"degree":[308],"awareness":[310],"distinctions":[312],"people":[314],"power.":[320],"other":[322,372],"words,":[323],"society":[324],"so":[326],"arranged":[327],"nearly":[329],"everyone":[330],"superior":[332],"someone.":[334],"This":[335,387,402],"account":[337,356,389,405],"for":[338,357,390,406],"interactions":[348],"interactions.":[352,365],"It":[353,474],"also":[355,404,476],"on":[370,385],"hand,":[373],"Individualistic,":[379],"strong":[383],"emphasis":[384],"equality.":[386],"similarly":[396],"higherlower":[400],"lack":[408],"data.":[415],"contribute":[423,463],"field":[426,466],"teaching":[428,468],"English":[429,438,494],"second/foreign":[431],"language":[432],"providing":[434],"learners":[436],"with":[439],"better":[441,488],"understanding":[442],"modified":[453],"same":[459],"way,":[460],"it":[461],"foreign":[472],"language.":[473],"hoped":[477],"insights":[480],"provides":[483],"lead":[485],"communication":[489],"speakers":[491],"Arabic.":[497]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2019-05-16T00:00:00"}
