{"id":"https://openalex.org/W294361792","doi":null,"title":"Norms in Sport and Exercise","display_name":"Norms in Sport and Exercise","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W294361792","mag":"294361792"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ecommons.usask.ca:10388/ETD-2014-11-1892","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2014-11-1892","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196608","display_name":"University Library - University of Saskatchewan (University of Saskatchewan)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I32625721","host_organization_name":"University of Saskatchewan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32625721"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008361003","display_name":"Alyson Crozier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9652-6757","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9652-6757"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alyson Crozier","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9652-6757","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008361003"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11400","display_name":"Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports","score":0.5468999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11400","display_name":"Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports","score":0.5468999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10813","display_name":"Sport Psychology and Performance","score":0.1931000053882599,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11542","display_name":"Behavioral Health and Interventions","score":0.15839999914169312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/descriptive-norms","display_name":"descriptive norms","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/injunctive-norms","display_name":"injunctive norms","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus-theory-of-normative-conduct","display_name":"focus theory of normative conduct","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-activity-intention","display_name":"physical activity intention","score":0.5600000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exercise-motivation","display_name":"exercise motivation","score":0.4090000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motivational-messages","display_name":"motivational messages","score":0.6290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-cognitive-theory","display_name":"social cognitive theory","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/volleyball-players","display_name":"volleyball players","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximal-effort","display_name":"maximal effort","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/college-students","display_name":"university students","score":0.6269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prosocial-behavior","display_name":"prosocial behavior","score":0.5879999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-reported-physical-activity","display_name":"self-reported physical activity","score":0.574999988079071}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781054738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4813730","display_name":"Athletes","level":2,"score":0.442937433719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3483770787715912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.2379205822944641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.17409932613372803}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:ecommons.usask.ca:10388/ETD-2014-11-1892","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2014-11-1892","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196608","display_name":"University Library - University of Saskatchewan (University of Saskatchewan)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I32625721","host_organization_name":"University of Saskatchewan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32625721"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"thesis"},{"id":"pmh:oai:harvest.usask.ca:10388/ETD-2014-11-1892","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2014-11-1892","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407063267","display_name":"HARVEST (University of Saskatchewan)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:294361792","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://harvest.usask.ca/handle/10388/ETD-2014-11-1892","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.4000000059604645}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":87,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W90970949","https://openalex.org/W241197310","https://openalex.org/W571690529","https://openalex.org/W1517229207","https://openalex.org/W1576991722","https://openalex.org/W1703001658","https://openalex.org/W1730782591","https://openalex.org/W1798928164","https://openalex.org/W1964465945","https://openalex.org/W1967977251","https://openalex.org/W1975963297","https://openalex.org/W1978493498","https://openalex.org/W1978926996","https://openalex.org/W1985453879","https://openalex.org/W1985701057","https://openalex.org/W1986159915","https://openalex.org/W1986718191","https://openalex.org/W1988182616","https://openalex.org/W1999663336","https://openalex.org/W2000265708","https://openalex.org/W2004246415","https://openalex.org/W2004395090","https://openalex.org/W2005189213","https://openalex.org/W2010346506","https://openalex.org/W2012397797","https://openalex.org/W2026003563","https://openalex.org/W2029511299","https://openalex.org/W2030701206","https://openalex.org/W2032340930","https://openalex.org/W2032582137","https://openalex.org/W2032926056","https://openalex.org/W2033488708","https://openalex.org/W2045081077","https://openalex.org/W2052236171","https://openalex.org/W2055677456","https://openalex.org/W2064055342","https://openalex.org/W2066005979","https://openalex.org/W2070257463","https://openalex.org/W2070538165","https://openalex.org/W2072194882","https://openalex.org/W2074386553","https://openalex.org/W2075395993","https://openalex.org/W2077676995","https://openalex.org/W2081155210","https://openalex.org/W2082451655","https://openalex.org/W2091966125","https://openalex.org/W2093217117","https://openalex.org/W2093237932","https://openalex.org/W2094762165","https://openalex.org/W2096987797","https://openalex.org/W2098940738","https://openalex.org/W2099152021","https://openalex.org/W2100550293","https://openalex.org/W2100644522","https://openalex.org/W2106096361","https://openalex.org/W2107031757","https://openalex.org/W2110861019","https://openalex.org/W2111591671","https://openalex.org/W2117600545","https://openalex.org/W2118502649","https://openalex.org/W2121530901","https://openalex.org/W2128621051","https://openalex.org/W2134049139","https://openalex.org/W2143971286","https://openalex.org/W2145711246","https://openalex.org/W2146165653","https://openalex.org/W2146469563","https://openalex.org/W2149706344","https://openalex.org/W2152094873","https://openalex.org/W2156536096","https://openalex.org/W2157012761","https://openalex.org/W2158401748","https://openalex.org/W2161535853","https://openalex.org/W2164013208","https://openalex.org/W2166439095","https://openalex.org/W2171279142","https://openalex.org/W2172058027","https://openalex.org/W2324392187","https://openalex.org/W2494080289","https://openalex.org/W2783571795","https://openalex.org/W2795780965","https://openalex.org/W2965054504","https://openalex.org/W2997077098","https://openalex.org/W3108610876","https://openalex.org/W3214923421","https://openalex.org/W4243324027","https://openalex.org/W7162075850"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W31560121","https://openalex.org/W2344946015","https://openalex.org/W2012397797","https://openalex.org/W2598676258","https://openalex.org/W30707308","https://openalex.org/W2611704688","https://openalex.org/W2587530901","https://openalex.org/W2091966125","https://openalex.org/W2172516264","https://openalex.org/W2180985070"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Studies":[0],"examining":[1],"descriptive":[2,97,155,320,377,424,483],"norms":[3,65,90,156,321],"in":[4,56,150,169,192,242,317,328,346,441,466],"the":[5,50,53,78,84,87,132,152,167,193,224,251,290,304,331,354,362,367,403,420,442,493],"activity":[6,93,348,400,489],"area":[7],"have":[8],"demonstrated":[9],"that":[10,71,199,369,380,445,473],"an":[11,69,161,219,309,433,437,451,479],"individual\u2019s":[12,141,162,434,452],"perceptions":[13,99,106,435,453],"of":[14,42,52,77,86,137,226,239,262,293,319,334,395,429,454,497],"others\u2019":[15,101,108],"behaviour":[16,159],"were":[17,59,182,372,476],"related":[18,67,431],"to":[19,62,68,81,83,94,113,130,140,164,166,185,187,189,212,250,266,269,278,314,330,366,432,439,444],"(Priebe":[20,31],"&":[21,26,32,47],"Spink,":[22,24,33],"2011;":[23],"Crozier,":[25],"Robinson,":[27],"2013),":[28],"and":[29,91,103,111,160,207,230,295,322,397,468],"influenced":[30,450,485],"2012,":[34],"2014)":[35],"individual":[36,487],"behaviour.":[37],"Guided":[38],"by":[39],"focus":[40,135],"theory":[41,119,136],"normative":[43,138,227,252,287,404,448],"conduct":[44,139],"(Cialdini,":[45],"Reno,":[46],"Kallgren,":[48],"1990),":[49],"purposes":[51],"studies":[54,418],"examined":[55,327],"this":[57],"thesis":[58],"three-fold:":[60],"(1)":[61,422],"assess":[63],"whether":[64],"are":[66],"intention":[70,163,438],"is":[72],"not":[73],"a":[74,115,338,385,409,423,470],"direct":[75],"reflection":[76],"norm,":[79],"(2)":[80,447],"add":[82],"examination":[85],"relationship":[88,153,178],"between":[89,154,286,361],"self-reported":[92,237,486],"include":[95],"both":[96],"(i.e.,":[98,105,120,210,277],"about":[100,107,254,289,300],"behaviour)":[102],"injunctive":[104],"approval)":[109],"norms,":[110],"(3)":[112,469],"use":[114],"construct":[116],"from":[117,124,134,349,415],"another":[118],"positive":[121,177,206,323,387,411,498],"outcome":[122,324,388,412,499],"expectations":[123,325],"social":[125],"cognitive":[126],"theory,":[127],"Bandura,":[128],"1986)":[129],"strengthen":[131],"predictions":[133],"physical":[142,399,488],"activity.":[143],"In":[144,306],"Study":[145,216,307],"1,":[146],"which":[147],"was":[148,174,218,246,326,382,406],"concurrent":[149],"design,":[151],"reflecting":[157],"prosocial":[158],"return":[165,188,440],"group":[168,191,201,214],"youth":[170],"sport":[171],"camp":[172],"participants":[173],"examined.":[175,247],"A":[176],"emerged":[179,285,360],"wherein":[180],"individuals":[181,390],"more":[183,200,461],"likely":[184],"intend":[186],"their":[190,347,350],"future":[194,443],"when":[195,402],"they":[196],"also":[197],"perceived":[198],"members":[202],"provided":[203],"encouragement,":[204],"congratulations,":[205],"constructive":[208],"feedback":[209],"prosocial)":[211],"other":[213],"members.":[215],"2":[217],"experimental":[220,311],"field":[221],"study,":[222,312],"where":[223],"influence":[225],"(descriptive,":[228],"injunctive)":[229],"non-normative":[231,463],"(personal,":[232],"team)":[233],"motivational":[234],"messages":[235,253,270,288,299,315,449,465],"on":[236,492],"frequency":[238],"maximal":[240,263],"effort":[241,257,264,276,291,460],"adult":[243],"volleyball":[244],"athletes":[245],"Individuals":[248],"exposed":[249,268,365],"others":[255,294,371,475],"exerting":[256,275],"reported":[258,344,391],"significantly":[259,392],"higher":[260],"frequencies":[261],"compared":[265],"those":[267,296],"highlighting":[271,472],"personal":[272,464],"reasons":[273],"for":[274,303],"improve":[279],"athletic":[280],"ability).":[281],"However,":[282,357],"no":[283],"differences":[284,359],"levels":[292,318,352,394],"who":[297],"received":[298],"working":[301],"hard":[302],"team.":[305],"3,":[308],"online":[310],"exposure":[313],"differing":[316],"relation":[329],"exercise":[332],"patterns":[333],"university":[335],"students":[336,343],"during":[337,353,374,478],"final":[339],"exam":[340,355,480],"period.":[341,356],"All":[342],"decreases":[345],"typical":[351],"between-group":[358],"two":[363],"groups":[364],"message":[368,381,405,471],"many":[370,474],"active":[373,477],"exams":[375],"(high":[376,482],"norm).":[378],"When":[379],"coupled":[383],"with":[384,408],"high":[386],"expectation,":[389],"greater":[393],"moderate":[396],"vigorous":[398],"than":[401,462],"accompanied":[407],"low":[410],"expectation.":[413],"Results":[414],"these":[416],"three":[417],"suggested":[419],"following:":[421],"norm":[425],"surrounding":[426],"one":[427],"class":[428],"behaviours":[430],"regarding":[436],"setting,":[446],"how":[455],"often":[456],"he/she":[457],"exerted":[458],"maximum":[459],"sport,":[467],"period":[481],"norm)":[484],"differently":[490],"depending":[491],"level":[494],"(high,":[495],"low)":[496],"expectation":[500],"provided.":[501]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}