{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2942553522","doi":null,"title":"\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u063a\u0633\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644","display_name":"\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u063a\u0633\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-02-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2942553522","mag":"2942553522"},"language":"ar","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6963c0c9371e432391adbf986e869e08","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6963c0c9371e432391adbf986e869e08","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629, Vol 41, Iss 1 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074024372","display_name":"Kamal Khalaf","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kamal Khalaf","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010611013","display_name":"Mahmod Jalal","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahmod Jalal","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044136906","display_name":"Shade Almobayed","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shade Almobayed","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"41","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11838","display_name":"Crime, Illicit Activities, and Governance","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11838","display_name":"Crime, Illicit Activities, and Governance","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11042","display_name":"Corruption and Economic Development","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10503","display_name":"Global Financial Crisis and Policies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/money-laundering","display_name":"money laundering","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-cooperation","display_name":"international cooperation","score":0.699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-agreements","display_name":"international treaties","score":0.32899999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proceeds-of-crime","display_name":"proceeds of crime","score":0.4009999930858612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/illicit-financial-flows","display_name":"illicit financial flows","score":0.47099998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foreign-investment-attraction","display_name":"foreign investment attraction","score":0.4749999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-stability","display_name":"financial stability","score":0.42500001192092896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-trafficking","display_name":"drug trafficking","score":0.43799999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-trafficking","display_name":"human trafficking","score":0.6660000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arms-trafficking","display_name":"arms trafficking","score":0.5360000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anti-money-laundering-legislation","display_name":"anti-money laundering legislation","score":0.335999995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-criminal-law","display_name":"international criminal law","score":0.3319999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-crime","display_name":"economic crime","score":0.36000001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/currency-depreciation","display_name":"currency depreciation","score":0.33000001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crime-rates","display_name":"crime rates","score":0.6259999871253967}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780005421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q151900","display_name":"Money laundering","level":2,"score":0.9390742182731628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83009810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11204","display_name":"Legislature","level":2,"score":0.4969930946826935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83646750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193893","display_name":"Capital (architecture)","level":2,"score":0.48457324504852295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27548731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88272","display_name":"Investment (military)","level":3,"score":0.4730075001716614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105639569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q582577","display_name":"Economic policy","level":1,"score":0.4626499116420746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.45969194173812866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141121606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8142","display_name":"Currency","level":2,"score":0.45938733220100403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780608745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367293","display_name":"Convention","level":2,"score":0.45235779881477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777351106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49371","display_name":"Legislation","level":2,"score":0.44297558069229126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3616936504840851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.27073997259140015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.26909053325653076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556758197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q580018","display_name":"Monetary economics","level":1,"score":0.2552064061164856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.22379276156425476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2181341052055359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6963c0c9371e432391adbf986e869e08","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6963c0c9371e432391adbf986e869e08","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629, Vol 41, Iss 1 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"mag:2942553522","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.journal.tishreen.edu.sy/index.php/econlaw/article/view/8462","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306537629","display_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629- \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629- \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.5217000246047974,"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391061651","https://openalex.org/W3216050782","https://openalex.org/W4417235042","https://openalex.org/W7160763024","https://openalex.org/W4386932677","https://openalex.org/W4406419700","https://openalex.org/W3020168939","https://openalex.org/W7016338599","https://openalex.org/W4377250734","https://openalex.org/W4401186588"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a":[0],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629":[1],"\u0641\u064a":[2,24,46,140,143,222],"\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629":[3],"\u063a\u0633\u064a\u0644":[4,62,80,121,204],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644":[5,18,41,53,63,101,122,137,146,205],"\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644":[6],"\u062e\u0644\u0641":[7],"\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f":[8],"\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0644":[9],"\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a":[10],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0636":[11],"\u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649":[12],"\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639":[13],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644":[14,198],"\u0625\u0644\u0649":[15,34,199],"\u062c\u0630\u0628":[16],"\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633":[17,40],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629,":[19],"\u0648\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639":[20],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a":[21],"\u0639\u0644\u0649":[22,95,194,206],"\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0647\u0627":[23],"\u0638\u0644":[25],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d":[26],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a":[27],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a,":[28],"\u0648\u0645\u0646":[29,115],"\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644":[30,213],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645":[31],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a":[32],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a,":[33],"\u0623\u0646":[35,120],"\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d":[36],"\u0645\u0646":[37,74,123,134,152,172,180,212,216],"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644":[38],"\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644":[39],"\u0628\u064a\u0646":[42,187],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644,":[43],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a":[44],"\u062d\u0645\u0644":[45],"\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647":[47],"\u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0621":[48],"\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631":[49],"\u063a\u064a\u0631":[50,76,89,231],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639":[51],"\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647":[52,136],"\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627":[54],"\u0645\u0627":[55,99,178],"\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641":[56],"\u0628\u063a\u0633\u064a\u0644":[57],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644.":[58],"\u0648\u0644\u0627":[59],"\u062a\u0639\u062f":[60],"\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629":[61,64],"\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629,":[65],"\u0628\u0644":[66],"\u0647\u064a":[67],"\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629":[68],"\u0642\u062f\u0645":[69],"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629":[70],"\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0621":[71],"\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a":[72],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644\u0629":[73],"\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629":[75],"\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0629,":[77,90],"\u062d\u064a\u062b":[78],"\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631":[79],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644,":[81],"\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629":[82],"\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629":[83],"\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629":[84],"\u062c\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0629":[85],"\u062d\u0642\u0642\u062a":[86],"\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f":[87],"\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629":[88],"\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646":[91],"\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627":[92],"\u0625\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0621":[93],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629":[94],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0627\u062a":[96],"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0629":[97],"\u0623\u0648":[98,175,184],"\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649":[100],"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0630\u0631\u0629":[102],"\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062d":[103],"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627":[104],"\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627":[105],"\u0628\u0639\u062f":[106],"\u0628\u064a\u0633\u0631":[107],"\u0648\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629,":[108],"\u0643\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629":[109],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a":[110],"\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0628":[111],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629":[112],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631":[113],"\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631,":[114],"\u0647\u0630\u0627":[116,223],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642":[117],"\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646":[118],"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644":[119],"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645":[124],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629":[125],"\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629":[126],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a":[127],"\u062a\u0645\u0633":[128],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631":[129],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a":[130],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a":[131],"\u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644,":[132],"\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621":[133],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644":[135],"\u062b\u0645":[138],"\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627":[139],"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0643":[141],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631":[142],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639.":[144],"\u0648\u0644\u063a\u0633\u064a\u0644":[145],"\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631":[147],"\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629":[148],"\u0648":[149,157,162],"\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629":[150],"\u0645\u062f\u0645\u0631\u0629":[151],"\u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627:":[153],"\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629":[154],"\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644":[155,159],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645":[156],"\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636":[158],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644":[160],"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a":[161],"\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631":[163],"\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629":[164],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629":[165],"\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629,":[166],"\u0648\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0649":[167],"\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631":[168],"\u0647\u0630\u0647":[169,190],"\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629":[170,191],"\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f":[171],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628":[173],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629":[174],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629":[176],"\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627":[177],"\u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a":[179],"\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631":[181],"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628":[182],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a":[183],"\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628":[185],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646":[186],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646,":[188],"\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629":[189],"\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627":[192],"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629":[193],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f":[195],"\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a":[196],"\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639\u062a":[197],"\u0628\u0630\u0644":[200],"\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f":[201],"\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629":[202],"\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629":[203,229],"\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f":[207,210],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a":[208],"\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649":[209],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a":[211],"\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631":[214],"\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629":[215],"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646":[217],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629":[218],"\u0648\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645":[219],"\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a":[220],"\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629":[221],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644":[224],"\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629":[225],"\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627":[226],"\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645":[227,239],"1988,":[228],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629":[230],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0629":[232],"\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a":[233],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0627\u062a":[234],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629,":[235],"\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629":[236],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633":[237],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a":[238],"1990.":[240],"All":[241],"countries":[242],"seek":[243],"to":[244,249,272,300,331,363,420,455,490],"attract":[245],"foreign":[246],"capital":[247,274],"and":[248,262,265,352,368,379,403,462,474,496,499],"encourage":[250],"investments":[251],"in":[252,255,370,390,397,480],"their":[253,443],"territories":[254],"the":[256,280,298,302,344,350,358,364,382,388,391,395,398,404,407,410,429,439,447,460,466,475,485,500],"light":[257],"of":[258,283,324,343,355,360,366,374,385,393,400,406,409,415,423,431,436,468,471,477,488],"international":[259,463,478],"economic":[260,347,353,378],"openness":[261],"through":[263,465],"technical":[264],"technological":[266],"progress":[267],"until":[268],"it":[269,293],"is":[270,288,294,309,341,418],"easy":[271],"transfer":[273],"between":[275,438],"countries,":[276,356],"which":[277,386],"has":[278,376],"concealed":[279],"illegal":[281,319],"source":[282],"these":[284,361],"funds,":[285],"Money.":[286],"Money-laundering":[287,308],"not":[289],"a":[290,310,421,469],"new":[291],"phenomenon,":[292],"as":[295,297,484],"old":[296],"need":[299],"conceal":[301],"wealth":[303],"obtained":[304],"from":[305,357],"illicit":[306],"activities.":[307],"crime":[311,325],"that":[312,316,338],"follows":[313],"criminal":[314],"activities":[315],"have":[317,330,451],"generated":[318],"financial":[320,351],"returns.":[321],"The":[322,372,413],"proceeds":[323],"or":[326,425,434],"so-called":[327],"dirty":[328],"money":[329,339,375,457],"be":[332,336],"legitimized":[333],"It":[334],"can":[335],"said":[337],"laundering":[340,373,458],"one":[342],"most":[345,383],"serious":[346],"crimes":[348],"affecting":[349],"stability":[354],"collection":[359],"funds":[362],"use":[365],"banks":[367],"investment":[369],"projectsl.":[371],"devastating":[377],"social":[380],"effects,":[381],"important":[384],"are:":[387],"increase":[389],"rate":[392,399],"criminality,":[394],"decline":[396],"national":[401,411,448],"income":[402],"deterioration":[405],"value":[408],"currency.":[412],"spread":[414],"this":[416,481],"phenomenon":[417],"attributed":[419],"number":[422,470],"objective":[424],"procedural":[426],"reasons,":[427],"including":[428],"lack":[430,435],"legislative":[432],"aspect":[433],"cooperation":[437],"concerned":[440],"parties,":[441],"And":[442],"negative":[444],"impact":[445],"on":[446],"economy,":[449],"States":[450],"made":[452],"great":[453],"efforts":[454],"combat":[456],"at":[459],"domestic":[461,472],"levels":[464],"promulgation":[467],"laws":[473],"conclusion":[476],"conventions":[479],"area":[482],"such":[483],"Vienna":[486],"Convention":[487],"1988":[489],"Combat":[491],"Illegal":[492],"Trade":[493],"Narcotic":[494],"Drugs":[495],"Psychotropic":[497],"Substances,":[498],"1990":[501],"European":[502],"Council":[503],"Convention.":[504]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-08T01:25:22.217667","created_date":"2019-05-09T00:00:00"}