{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2941674539","doi":"https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2019.3443","title":"Validity in Qualitative Research: A Processual Approach","display_name":"Validity in Qualitative Research: A Processual Approach","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2941674539","doi":"https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2019.3443","mag":"2941674539"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.46743/2160-3715/2019.3443","doi":"https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2019.3443","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2019.3443","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210196430","display_name":"The Qualitative Report","issn_l":"1052-0147","issn":["1052-0147","2160-3715"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316355","host_organization_name":"Nova Southeastern University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316355"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nova Southeastern University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Qualitative Report","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2019.3443","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029146704","display_name":"Paulo Hayashi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2718-2441","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2718-2441"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181391015","display_name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","ror":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52418104","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Paran\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/05syd6y78","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52418104"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paulo Hayashi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Campinas","Federal University of Parana,","University of Campinas,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Campinas","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Parana,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52418104"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Campinas,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061350502","display_name":"Gustavo Abib","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8768-9669","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8768-9669"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181391015","display_name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","ror":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52418104","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Paran\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/05syd6y78","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52418104"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gustavo Abib","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Parana","Federal University of Parana,","University of Campinas,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Parana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52418104"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Parana,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52418104"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Campinas,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039020677","display_name":"Norberto Hoppen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1827-8695","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1827-8695"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181391015","display_name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","ror":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52418104","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Paran\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/05syd6y78","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52418104"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I61722147","display_name":"Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos","ror":"https://ror.org/05ctmmy43","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I61722147"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Norberto Hoppen","raw_affiliation_strings":["UNISINOS","Federal University of Parana,","University of Campinas,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNISINOS","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I61722147"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Parana,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52418104"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Campinas,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":500},"apc_paid":{"value":500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":500},"fwci":57.6676,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":221,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99912178,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12880","display_name":"Qualitative Research Methods and Applications","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12880","display_name":"Qualitative Research Methods and Applications","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11981","display_name":"Qualitative Research Methods and Ethics","score":0.004800000227987766,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12926","display_name":"Business Strategies and Management Research","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/validity","display_name":"validity","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qualitative-research","display_name":"qualitative research","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/processual-approach","display_name":"processual approach","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/research-quality","display_name":"research quality","score":0.6290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-statistics","display_name":"reliability statistics","score":0.5830000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peer-review","display_name":"peer review","score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/research-process-reflection","display_name":"research process reflection","score":0.38999998569488525}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174106493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1057880","display_name":"External validity","level":2,"score":0.6913025975227356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.655220091342926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70364389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18757","display_name":"Validity","level":3,"score":0.5693827271461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49453240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1592163","display_name":"Construct validity","level":3,"score":0.5139893889427185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116211729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5372350","display_name":"Test validity","level":3,"score":0.4928629398345947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4487256407737732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.4125262200832367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.3654998242855072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.35837674140930176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.24748709797859192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171606756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q506132","display_name":"Psychometrics","level":2,"score":0.1849144995212555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.14278194308280945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07399579882621765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.46743/2160-3715/2019.3443","doi":"https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2019.3443","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2019.3443","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210196430","display_name":"The Qualitative Report","issn_l":"1052-0147","issn":["1052-0147","2160-3715"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316355","host_organization_name":"Nova Southeastern University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316355"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nova Southeastern University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Qualitative Report","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:nsuworks.nova.edu:tqr-3443","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://nsuworks.nova.edu/tqr/vol24/iss1/8","pdf_url":"https://nsuworks.nova.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3443&context=tqr","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196410","display_name":"NSUWorks (Nova Southeastern University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I203088144","host_organization_name":"Nova Southeastern University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203088144"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"The Qualitative Report","raw_type":"howto"},{"id":"pmh:oai:nsuworks.nova.edu:tqrc-2248","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://nsuworks.nova.edu/tqrc/eleventh/day1/19","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196410","display_name":"NSUWorks (Nova Southeastern University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I203088144","host_organization_name":"Nova Southeastern University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203088144"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"The Qualitative Report Conference","raw_type":"plenary"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.46743/2160-3715/2019.3443","doi":"https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2019.3443","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2019.3443","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210196430","display_name":"The Qualitative Report","issn_l":"1052-0147","issn":["1052-0147","2160-3715"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316355","host_organization_name":"Nova Southeastern University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316355"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nova Southeastern University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Qualitative Report","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","score":0.5}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W79229537","https://openalex.org/W183457332","https://openalex.org/W290804562","https://openalex.org/W301675770","https://openalex.org/W886883501","https://openalex.org/W1532386014","https://openalex.org/W1540013781","https://openalex.org/W1566447278","https://openalex.org/W1593186263","https://openalex.org/W1780778418","https://openalex.org/W1919636199","https://openalex.org/W1925613010","https://openalex.org/W1978521871","https://openalex.org/W1978840349","https://openalex.org/W2002015682","https://openalex.org/W2004184632","https://openalex.org/W2018566467","https://openalex.org/W2021588093","https://openalex.org/W2056683859","https://openalex.org/W2064468954","https://openalex.org/W2075704808","https://openalex.org/W2102468362","https://openalex.org/W2103809044","https://openalex.org/W2105263530","https://openalex.org/W2107662263","https://openalex.org/W2113537253","https://openalex.org/W2122381799","https://openalex.org/W2129550444","https://openalex.org/W2131919497","https://openalex.org/W2140223430","https://openalex.org/W2153528616","https://openalex.org/W2156312962","https://openalex.org/W2156990071","https://openalex.org/W2158242434","https://openalex.org/W2160604178","https://openalex.org/W2162535481","https://openalex.org/W2253038398","https://openalex.org/W2302500949","https://openalex.org/W2329849488","https://openalex.org/W2333967089","https://openalex.org/W2343637210","https://openalex.org/W2480766924","https://openalex.org/W2480923763","https://openalex.org/W2607664352","https://openalex.org/W2617471151","https://openalex.org/W2754799758","https://openalex.org/W2791781228","https://openalex.org/W2794208363","https://openalex.org/W2805642349","https://openalex.org/W3122886773","https://openalex.org/W3150778347","https://openalex.org/W4205826703","https://openalex.org/W4233595170","https://openalex.org/W4239480663","https://openalex.org/W4250890840","https://openalex.org/W4287901611","https://openalex.org/W4302437059","https://openalex.org/W4388147893","https://openalex.org/W6820738567","https://openalex.org/W6823849481","https://openalex.org/W6832670723","https://openalex.org/W6991967607"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1533921635","https://openalex.org/W2081334504","https://openalex.org/W4241732503","https://openalex.org/W2890570810","https://openalex.org/W2351798759","https://openalex.org/W4230948078","https://openalex.org/W2994952352","https://openalex.org/W2152141834","https://openalex.org/W2392785659","https://openalex.org/W1971716718"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Validity":[0],"and":[1,5,44,104,109,143,149,163],"reliability":[2],"of":[3,14,17,78,87,123,129,159],"research":[4,18,34,42,71,103,131],"its":[6,58,107],"results":[7,165],"are":[8],"important":[9],"elements":[10],"to":[11,52],"provide":[12],"evidence":[13],"the":[15,20,85,96,117,124,127,135,157,160,164],"quality":[16,158],"in":[19,28,32,55,64,95,106,151],"organizational":[21],"field.":[22],"However,":[23],"validity":[24,54,79,99,136],"is":[25,38,47,60],"better":[26],"evidenced":[27],"quantitative":[29],"studies":[30],"than":[31],"qualitative":[33,41,56,70],"studies.":[35],"As":[36],"there":[37,46],"diversity":[39],"within":[40],"methods":[43],"techniques,":[45],"no":[48],"universally":[49],"accepted":[50],"criteria":[51],"assess":[53],"studies;":[57],"usefulness":[59],"also":[61],"questioned.":[62],"Therefore,":[63],"this":[65],"paper,":[66],"we":[67,115],"argue":[68],"that":[69,166],"should":[72,82],"adopt":[73],"a":[74,88,130],"processual":[75,118,161],"view":[76],"approach":[77,119,162],"since":[80],"it":[81],"not":[83],"be":[84],"product":[86],"single":[89],"test":[90],"or":[91],"just":[92],"one":[93,122],"step":[94],"research.":[97],"Processual":[98],"both":[100,140],"supports":[101],"good":[102],"helps":[105],"reflection":[108],"guidance.":[110],"To":[111],"illustrate":[112],"our":[113],"approach,":[114],"present":[116],"adopted":[120],"by":[121],"coauthors":[125],"during":[126],"development":[128],"project.":[132],"We":[133],"highlight":[134],"assurance":[137],"activities":[138],"for":[139],"ex":[141,144],"ante":[142],"post":[145],"research,":[146],"peer":[147],"review":[148],"participation":[150],"an":[152],"international":[153],"conference,":[154],"which":[155],"corroborated":[156],"were":[167],"obtained.":[168]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":65},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":35},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}