{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2940042990","doi":null,"title":"The acute: chronic workload ratio and injury occurrence among South African PSL soccer players","display_name":"The acute: chronic workload ratio and injury occurrence among South African PSL soccer players","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2940042990","mag":"2940042990"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/106133","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/106133","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/106133","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400300","display_name":"SUNScholar (Stellenbosch University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","host_organization_name":"Stellenbosch University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/106133","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036139234","display_name":"Ryan Colin White","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ryan Colin White","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036139234"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11246","display_name":"Sports injuries and prevention","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11246","display_name":"Sports injuries and prevention","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10157","display_name":"Sports Performance and Training","score":0.007699999958276749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10442","display_name":"Knee injuries and reconstruction techniques","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acute-to-chronic-workload-ratio","display_name":"acute:chronic workload ratio","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soccer-players","display_name":"soccer players","score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/professional-football","display_name":"professional football","score":0.746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/training-load","display_name":"training load","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/session-rating-of-perceived-exertion","display_name":"session rating of perceived exertion","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gps-tracking","display_name":"GPS tracking","score":0.7540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accelerometer","display_name":"accelerometer","score":0.6579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-loading","display_name":"mechanical loading","score":0.652999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/injury-risk","display_name":"injury risk","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/injury-prevention","display_name":"injury prevention","score":0.5600000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/total-distance","display_name":"total distance","score":0.7720000147819519}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10464949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1914781","display_name":"PSL","level":2,"score":0.7151602506637573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778476105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628539","display_name":"Workload","level":2,"score":0.6662752032279968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.47367531061172485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.38845083117485046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.3247634768486023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2751392722129822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14512398838996887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.13200163841247559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/106133","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/106133","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/106133","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400300","display_name":"SUNScholar (Stellenbosch University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","host_organization_name":"Stellenbosch University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:2940042990","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholar.sun.ac.za:443/bitstream/10019.1/106133/1/white_acute_2019.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/106133","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/106133","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/106133","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400300","display_name":"SUNScholar (Stellenbosch University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","host_organization_name":"Stellenbosch University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2940042990.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2940042990.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":148,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W11469709","https://openalex.org/W12770691","https://openalex.org/W120288851","https://openalex.org/W158495806","https://openalex.org/W168394801","https://openalex.org/W176045498","https://openalex.org/W201916922","https://openalex.org/W1507565523","https://openalex.org/W1521333432","https://openalex.org/W1639382815","https://openalex.org/W1754067051","https://openalex.org/W1859218480","https://openalex.org/W1865612311","https://openalex.org/W1966843711","https://openalex.org/W1968162373","https://openalex.org/W1969590801","https://openalex.org/W1971155506","https://openalex.org/W1971877618","https://openalex.org/W1974912688","https://openalex.org/W1974946451","https://openalex.org/W1976595525","https://openalex.org/W1977787432","https://openalex.org/W1978067772","https://openalex.org/W1982492614","https://openalex.org/W1985843539","https://openalex.org/W1987923327","https://openalex.org/W1988056088","https://openalex.org/W1989445106","https://openalex.org/W1995086071","https://openalex.org/W1998025556","https://openalex.org/W1998798047","https://openalex.org/W2000641509","https://openalex.org/W2002278264","https://openalex.org/W2005579641","https://openalex.org/W2007656162","https://openalex.org/W2007801951","https://openalex.org/W2009097219","https://openalex.org/W2013785137","https://openalex.org/W2016445008","https://openalex.org/W2018877485","https://openalex.org/W2019107017","https://openalex.org/W2020287812","https://openalex.org/W2024740873","https://openalex.org/W2029047988","https://openalex.org/W2029067561","https://openalex.org/W2029485870","https://openalex.org/W2033435133","https://openalex.org/W2037252073","https://openalex.org/W2041343211","https://openalex.org/W2041476195","https://openalex.org/W2042609887","https://openalex.org/W2059880228","https://openalex.org/W2061502252","https://openalex.org/W2061586939","https://openalex.org/W2066477238","https://openalex.org/W2070421542","https://openalex.org/W2077934166","https://openalex.org/W2078149889","https://openalex.org/W2079510586","https://openalex.org/W2082001224","https://openalex.org/W2084554082","https://openalex.org/W2087036447","https://openalex.org/W2089103789","https://openalex.org/W2091118821","https://openalex.org/W2092729244","https://openalex.org/W2093698690","https://openalex.org/W2094764414","https://openalex.org/W2096632664","https://openalex.org/W2096861347","https://openalex.org/W2097568421","https://openalex.org/W2099756521","https://openalex.org/W2100622718","https://openalex.org/W2102375866","https://openalex.org/W2103804275","https://openalex.org/W2104855120","https://openalex.org/W2106790907","https://openalex.org/W2106958070","https://openalex.org/W2107685782","https://openalex.org/W2108591604","https://openalex.org/W2111075265","https://openalex.org/W2112746076","https://openalex.org/W2113152490","https://openalex.org/W2115103375","https://openalex.org/W2115342850","https://openalex.org/W2117173444","https://openalex.org/W2118183228","https://openalex.org/W2118476509","https://openalex.org/W2121822717","https://openalex.org/W2122029712","https://openalex.org/W2122656809","https://openalex.org/W2124982486","https://openalex.org/W2125534427","https://openalex.org/W2133589238","https://openalex.org/W2135114179","https://openalex.org/W2137161571","https://openalex.org/W2139093186","https://openalex.org/W2141335669","https://openalex.org/W2141419296","https://openalex.org/W2142765531","https://openalex.org/W2146608626","https://openalex.org/W2147418895","https://openalex.org/W2150650098","https://openalex.org/W2152389269","https://openalex.org/W2156107992","https://openalex.org/W2160248565","https://openalex.org/W2160669151","https://openalex.org/W2160857104","https://openalex.org/W2164863841","https://openalex.org/W2165429746","https://openalex.org/W2169384417","https://openalex.org/W2172154974","https://openalex.org/W2172220955","https://openalex.org/W2172242775","https://openalex.org/W2179337826","https://openalex.org/W2191153420","https://openalex.org/W2206337930","https://openalex.org/W2253780284","https://openalex.org/W2262849853","https://openalex.org/W2267344269","https://openalex.org/W2271866581","https://openalex.org/W2275850612","https://openalex.org/W2306268021","https://openalex.org/W2338717463","https://openalex.org/W2396651523","https://openalex.org/W2417849762","https://openalex.org/W2465952760","https://openalex.org/W2474493901","https://openalex.org/W2489330634","https://openalex.org/W2509678479","https://openalex.org/W2509882603","https://openalex.org/W2521276628","https://openalex.org/W2530957753","https://openalex.org/W2542835503","https://openalex.org/W2549994835","https://openalex.org/W2553210100","https://openalex.org/W2557155891","https://openalex.org/W2562429897","https://openalex.org/W2593721014","https://openalex.org/W2610814033","https://openalex.org/W2618508965","https://openalex.org/W2618843141","https://openalex.org/W2626840438","https://openalex.org/W2736041194","https://openalex.org/W2758005548","https://openalex.org/W2762505306","https://openalex.org/W2766293842","https://openalex.org/W2766764201","https://openalex.org/W4318471198"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6903893907","https://openalex.org/W3040806677","https://openalex.org/W4387641062","https://openalex.org/W3213658544","https://openalex.org/W6927022040","https://openalex.org/W2606608757","https://openalex.org/W3037300967","https://openalex.org/W3155911052","https://openalex.org/W3093311878","https://openalex.org/W4313473532"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ENGLISH":[0],"ABSTRACT:":[1],"Purpose:":[2],"Soft-tissue,":[3],"non-contact":[4],"injuries":[5,11],"(STNCI)":[6],"are":[7],"the":[8,28,50,57,70,93,106,110,126,141,145,178,187,203,254,271,275,323,413,456],"most":[9,239,414],"prevalent":[10],"in":[12,46,105,140,186,196,202,270,317,385,395,455,470],"professional":[13,113,161,298],"soccer.":[14],"Considerable":[15],"research":[16],"has":[17],"focussed":[18],"on":[19],"injury":[20,32,84,103,138,185,200,268,320,428,435,459],"prevention":[21,460],"and":[22,41,72,82,91,98,102,137,147,151,167,216,262,267,288,304,314,358,387,393,439],"training":[23,488],"load":[24,265,489],"(TL)":[25],"monitoring,":[26,490],"however,":[27],"multifactorial":[29],"nature":[30,386,433],"of":[31,52,56,80,95,133,401,407,434,458,467,482],"occurrence":[33],"is":[34,466],"often":[35],"neglected.":[36],"As":[37],"such,":[38],"both":[39,96],"internal":[40,97],"external":[42,99],"TL":[43,130,155,396,417,442],"were":[44,175],"examined":[45,125],"this":[47],"study":[48,87],"with":[49,184],"intention":[51],"enhancing":[53],"current":[54],"understanding":[55],"mechanisms":[58],"behind":[59],"STNCI.":[60],"The":[61,190,308,380,430],"acute:chronic":[62],"workload":[63,100,478],"ratio":[64],"(ACWR)":[65],"was":[66,157,180,193,206,294,311,326,383],"used":[67],"to":[68,89,244,371,376,390,410,419,451],"model":[69],"internally":[71,438],"externally":[73,440],"derived":[74,441],"workloads,":[75],"providing":[76],"a":[77,168,227,238,245,305,372,448,471],"dynamic":[78],"representation":[79],"preparedness":[81],"subsequent":[83,107,142,188,204,272,324,402],"risk.":[85],"This":[86],"aimed":[88],"identify":[90],"describe":[92],"association":[94,127,255],"variables":[101],"risk":[104,139,201,400,436],"week":[108,143,205,273,325],"using":[109],"ACWR":[111,146,179,224,235,247,367,374,406],"among":[112],"South":[114,472],"African":[115,473],"Premier":[116],"Soccer":[117],"League":[118],"(PSL)":[119],"players.":[120],"\\nArticle":[121,249],"one:":[122],"Article":[123,251],"one":[124,166,303],"between":[128,256,408,437],"internally-derived":[129],"(session":[131],"rating":[132,481],"perceived":[134,483],"exertion":[135],"[sRPE])":[136],"utilising":[144,274],"1-,":[148],"2-,":[149],"3-":[150],"4-weekly":[152],"cumulative":[153],"TL.":[154],"data":[156],"collected":[158,295],"from":[159,296],"41":[160],"male":[162,299],"soccer":[163,300,462],"players":[164,301,388,463],"over":[165,302],"half":[169,306],"seasons.":[170,307],"In":[171],"total,":[172],"85":[173],"STNCIs":[174],"recorded.":[176],"Only":[177],"significantly":[181],"associated":[182],"(p<0.05)":[183],"week.":[189],"workload-injury":[191,309,381],"relationship":[192,310,382],"sigmoidal":[194,312,384,432],"(s-shaped)":[195,313],"nature.":[197,318],"An":[198],"increased":[199,399],"found":[207],"at":[208,328],"moderate-low":[209],"(0.77-0.89;":[210],"OR:":[211,219,230,332,338,344,352,362],"1.67,":[212],"95%":[213,221,232,334,340,346,354,364],"CI:":[214,222,233,335,341],"1.23-2.27)":[215],"high":[217,280,284,289,329],"(>1.14;":[218],"1.26,":[220],"1.06-1.50)":[223],"zones,":[225,368],"while":[226,426],"low":[228,359],"(<0.77;":[229],"0.29,":[231],"0.14-0.61)":[234],"zone":[236],"exhibited":[237],"likely":[240],"beneficial":[241],"effect":[242],"compared":[243,370],"moderate-high":[246,349],"zone.":[248,378],"two:":[250],"two":[252],"investigated":[253],"externally-derived":[257],"(global":[258],"positioning":[259,486],"systems":[260,454],"[GPS]":[261],"accelerometer-derived":[263],"mechanical":[264],"indicators)":[266],"likelihood":[269,321],"ACWR.":[276],"Total":[277],"distance":[278],"(TD),":[279],"intensity":[281,285,290],"speed":[282],"(HIS),":[283],"acceleration":[286],"(HIA)":[287],"deceleration":[291],"(HID)":[292],"data,":[293],"37":[297],"quadratic":[315],"(u-shaped)":[316],"Increased":[319],"for":[322,461],"identified":[327],"{(TD;":[330],">1.30,":[331],"1.78,":[333],"0.72-4.38)(HIS;":[336],">1.41,":[337,343],"1.74,":[339],"0.80-3.77)(HIA;":[342],"1.80,":[345],"CI":[347,355,365],"1.00-3.24)},":[348],"(HID;":[350],">1.37,":[351],"0.80,":[353],"0.39-":[356],"\\n2.76)":[357],"(HIA;":[360],"<0.77,":[361],"1.29,":[363],"1.00-1,66)":[366],"when":[369],"moderate":[373,405],"(~0.91":[375],"~1.20)":[377],"\\nConclusion:":[379],"exposed":[389],"acute":[391],"de-loads":[392],"spikes":[394],"experienced":[397],"an":[398],"injury.":[403],"A":[404],"~0.91":[409],"~1.20":[411],"represents":[412],"realistic,":[415],"optimal":[416],"index":[418],"maintain":[420],"or":[421],"improve":[422],"fitness":[423],"and/or":[424],"preparedness,":[425],"limiting":[427],"likelihood.":[429],"similar":[431],"implies":[443],"that":[444],"sRPE":[445],"may":[446],"be":[447],"useful":[449],"alternative":[450],"costly":[452],"GPS":[453],"world":[457],"-":[464],"which":[465],"significant":[468],"importance":[469],"context.":[474],"\\nKey":[475],"words:":[476],"Acute:chronic":[477],"ratio,":[479],"session":[480],"exertion,":[484],"global":[485],"systems,":[487],"team":[491],"sport.":[492]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2019-04-25T00:00:00"}