{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2937285802","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0000000000001697","title":"High-Intensity Interval Training Augments Muscle Carnosine in the Absence of Dietary Beta-alanine Intake","display_name":"High-Intensity Interval Training Augments Muscle Carnosine in the Absence of Dietary Beta-alanine Intake","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-06-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2937285802","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0000000000001697","mag":"2937285802","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30334920"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000001697","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0000000000001697","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001697","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S14544163","display_name":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise","issn_l":"0195-9131","issn":["0195-9131","1530-0315"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medicine &amp; Science in Sports &amp; Exercise","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074522308","display_name":"V\u00edtor de Salles Painelli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5828-9669","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5828-9669","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4055-4919"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17974374","display_name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/036rp1748","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"VITOR DE SALLES PAINELLI","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BRAZIL;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BRAZIL;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035757590","display_name":"Kleiner Nemezio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4173-6044","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4173-6044"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17974374","display_name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/036rp1748","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"KLEINER M\u00c1RCIO NEMEZIO","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BRAZIL;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BRAZIL;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101414986","display_name":"Ana J\u00e9ssica Pinto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1363-7233","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1363-7233"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17974374","display_name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/036rp1748","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"ANA J\u00c9SSICA PINTO","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BRAZIL;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BRAZIL;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071293169","display_name":"Mariana Franchi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17974374","display_name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/036rp1748","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"MARIANA FRANCHI","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BRAZIL;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BRAZIL;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066252804","display_name":"Isabel Thomazi de Andrade","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17974374","display_name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/036rp1748","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"ISABEL ANDRADE","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BRAZIL;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BRAZIL;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039878714","display_name":"Luiz Augusto Riani","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17974374","display_name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/036rp1748","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"LUIZ AUGUSTO RIANI","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BRAZIL;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BRAZIL;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015359899","display_name":"Bryan Saunders","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0995-9077","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0995-9077"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17974374","display_name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/036rp1748","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"BRYAN SAUNDERS","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BRAZIL;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BRAZIL;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084228193","display_name":"Craig Sale","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5816-4169","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5816-4169"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52590639","display_name":"Nottingham Trent University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xyxjd90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52590639"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"CRAIG SALE","raw_affiliation_strings":["Musculoskeletal Physiology Research Group, Sport, Health and Performance Enhancement Research Centre, Nottingham Trent University, UNITED KINGDOM; and"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Musculoskeletal Physiology Research Group, Sport, Health and Performance Enhancement Research Centre, Nottingham Trent University, UNITED KINGDOM; and","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52590639"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051323334","display_name":"Roger C. Harris","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133368","display_name":"Suffolk University Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03gbd4842","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133368"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"ROGER CHARLES HARRIS","raw_affiliation_strings":["Junipa Ltd, Newmarket, Suffolk, UNITED KINGDOM"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Junipa Ltd, Newmarket, Suffolk, UNITED KINGDOM","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133368"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070055460","display_name":"Bruno Gualano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7100-8681","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7100-8681"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17974374","display_name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/036rp1748","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"BRUNO GUALANO","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BRAZIL;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BRAZIL;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014503392","display_name":"Guilherme Giannini Artioli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8463-2213","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8463-2213"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17974374","display_name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/036rp1748","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"GUILHERME GIANNINI ARTIOLI","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BRAZIL;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BRAZIL;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014503392"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.6969,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":46,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93801,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"50","issue":"11","first_page":"2242","last_page":"2252"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13551","display_name":"Biochemical effects in animals","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13551","display_name":"Biochemical effects in animals","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11399","display_name":"Muscle metabolism and nutrition","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11209","display_name":"Cardiovascular and exercise physiology","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/muscle-carnosine","display_name":"muscle carnosine","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-intensity-interval-training","display_name":"high-intensity interval training","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beta-alanine","display_name":"beta-alanine","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/muscle-fiber-type","display_name":"muscle fiber type","score":0.5799999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/muscle-buffering-capacity","display_name":"muscle buffering capacity","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lactate-threshold","display_name":"lactate threshold","score":0.5720000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ventilatory-threshold","display_name":"ventilatory threshold","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exercise-capacity","display_name":"exercise capacity","score":0.4099999964237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cndp2","display_name":"CNDP2","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/4-aminobutyrate-aminotransferase","display_name":"4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase","score":0.6729999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/taurine-transporter","display_name":"taurine transporter","score":0.6019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pat1","display_name":"PAT1","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/muscle-gene-expression","display_name":"muscle gene expression","score":0.5329999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/muscle-fiber-type-switching","display_name":"muscle fiber type shift","score":0.36000001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/training-adaptation","display_name":"training effects","score":0.3659999966621399}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781444488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2756206","display_name":"High-intensity interval training","level":2,"score":0.7911959290504456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777973682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1558681","display_name":"Interval training","level":2,"score":0.7204304933547974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780687331","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413822","display_name":"Carnosine","level":2,"score":0.6075187921524048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.5652642846107483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140793950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168091","display_name":"Animal science","level":1,"score":0.5422871708869934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.5254910588264465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776294035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3480702","display_name":"Lactate threshold","level":5,"score":0.4767894744873047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.43124452233314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777953023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1073121","display_name":"Heart rate","level":3,"score":0.24070507287979126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.22388076782226562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992422156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161249","display_name":"Blood lactate","level":4,"score":0.12262025475502014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84393581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82642","display_name":"Blood pressure","level":2,"score":0.06704336404800415}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000072696","descriptor_name":"High-Intensity Interval Training","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000222","descriptor_name":"Adaptation, Physiological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001835","descriptor_name":"Body Weight","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002336","descriptor_name":"Carnosine","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005080","descriptor_name":"Exercise Test","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010101","descriptor_name":"Oxygen Consumption","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014676","descriptor_name":"Diet, Vegetarian","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015091","descriptor_name":"beta-Alanine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015308","descriptor_name":"Anaerobic Threshold","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015870","descriptor_name":"Gene Expression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018482","descriptor_name":"Muscle, Skeletal","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018656","descriptor_name":"Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018657","descriptor_name":"Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019344","descriptor_name":"Lactic Acid","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D050218","descriptor_name":"Body Fat Distribution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000001697","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0000000000001697","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001697","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S14544163","display_name":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise","issn_l":"0195-9131","issn":["0195-9131","1530-0315"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medicine &amp; Science in Sports &amp; Exercise","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:30334920","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30334920","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medicine and science in sports and exercise","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:irep.ntu.ac.uk:34076","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/34076/1/11541_Sale.pdf","pdf_url":"http://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/34076/1/11541_Sale.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400559","display_name":"Nottingham Trent University's Institutional Repository (Nottingham Trent Repository)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I52590639","host_organization_name":"Nottingham Trent University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52590639"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9537000060081482,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/randomized-controlled-trial","display_name":"Randomized Controlled Trial"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial","display_name":"Clinical Trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W63986012","https://openalex.org/W83379658","https://openalex.org/W188562495","https://openalex.org/W371301222","https://openalex.org/W1886499497","https://openalex.org/W1967265743","https://openalex.org/W1975562378","https://openalex.org/W1977985015","https://openalex.org/W1990617364","https://openalex.org/W2007237261","https://openalex.org/W2008458714","https://openalex.org/W2017930303","https://openalex.org/W2020637493","https://openalex.org/W2024215912","https://openalex.org/W2041824571","https://openalex.org/W2047762149","https://openalex.org/W2054536554","https://openalex.org/W2063036083","https://openalex.org/W2083294419","https://openalex.org/W2084981534","https://openalex.org/W2089502287","https://openalex.org/W2093564136","https://openalex.org/W2094324572","https://openalex.org/W2095264973","https://openalex.org/W2095290866","https://openalex.org/W2111370164","https://openalex.org/W2124243925","https://openalex.org/W2130957616","https://openalex.org/W2134005714","https://openalex.org/W2149486924","https://openalex.org/W2159211602","https://openalex.org/W2168420558","https://openalex.org/W2169403596","https://openalex.org/W2315222866","https://openalex.org/W2411764451","https://openalex.org/W2559869198","https://openalex.org/W2585275427"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4414243830","https://openalex.org/W2599281661","https://openalex.org/W7120779705","https://openalex.org/W1536763430","https://openalex.org/W2980353017","https://openalex.org/W1977985015","https://openalex.org/W2518790370","https://openalex.org/W2890142042","https://openalex.org/W7120424987","https://openalex.org/W2597592591"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"PURPOSE:":[0],"Cross-sectional":[1],"studies":[2,13],"suggest":[3],"that":[4],"training":[5,51,77],"can":[6],"increase":[7,306],"muscle":[8,28,118],"carnosine":[9,99],"(MCarn),":[10],"although":[11],"longitudinal":[12],"have":[14,33],"failed":[15],"to":[16,44,62,132,182,197,217,233,254,270,303,311],"confirm":[17],"this.":[18],"A":[19],"lack":[20],"of":[21,39,48,108,288,292,300],"control":[22,64],"for":[23,84],"dietary":[24,290],"\u03b2-alanine":[25],"intake":[26,291],"or":[27,69],"fiber":[29],"type":[30,205,241],"shifting":[31],"may":[32],"hampered":[34],"their":[35],"conclusions.":[36],"The":[37,298],"purpose":[38],"the":[40,46,156,177,191,211,226,247,263,286,304],"present":[41],"study":[42],"was":[43,78,100],"investigate":[45],"effects":[47],"high-intensity":[49],"interval":[50,76],"(HIIT)":[52],"on":[53,80],"MCarn.":[54],"METHODS:":[55],"Twenty":[56],"vegetarian":[57],"men":[58],"were":[59,125,130,153,282],"randomly":[60],"assigned":[61],"a":[63,81],"(CON)":[65],"(n":[66,71],"=":[67,72,187,202,222,238,259,275],"10)":[68,73],"HIIT":[70,157,178,212,248,294],"group.":[74],"High-intensity":[75],"performed":[79,131],"cycle":[82],"ergometer":[83],"12":[85],"wk,":[86],"with":[87],"progressive":[88],"volume":[89],"(6-12":[90],"series)":[91],"and":[92,104,115,117,141,150],"intensity":[93],"(140%-170%":[94],"lactate":[95],"threshold":[96],"[LT]).":[97],"Muscle":[98],"quantified":[101],"in":[102,121,155,165,176,210,246,279,307],"whole-muscle":[103],"individual":[105],"fibers;":[106],"expression":[107,281],"selected":[109],"genes":[110],"(CARNS,":[111],"CNDP2,":[112],"ABAT,":[113],"TauT,":[114],"PAT1)":[116],"buffering":[119],"capacity":[120],"vitro":[122,152,309],"(\u03b2min":[123],"vitro)":[124],"also":[126],"determined.":[127],"Exercise":[128],"tests":[129],"evaluate":[133],"total":[134,305],"work":[135,145],"done,":[136,146],"V\u02d9O2max,":[137,149],"ventilatory":[138],"thresholds":[139],"(VT)":[140],"LT.":[142],"RESULTS:":[143],"Total":[144],"VT,":[147],"LT,":[148],"\u03b2min":[151,308],"improved":[154],"group":[158,193,228,249,265],"(all":[159],"P":[160,186,201,221,237,258,274],"<":[161],"0.05),":[162],"but":[163,189,224,261],"not":[164,190,225,262],"CON":[166,192,227,264],"(P":[167],">":[168],"0.05).":[169],"MCarn":[170,208,244,296,302],"(in":[171],"mmol\u00b7kg":[172],"dry":[173],"muscle)":[174],"increased":[175,209,245,295,301],"(15.8":[179],"\u00b1":[180,184,195,199,215,219,231,235,252,256,268,272],"5.7":[181],"20.6":[183],"5.3;":[185],"0.012)":[188],"(14.3":[194],"5.3":[196],"15.0":[198],"4.9;":[200],"0.99).":[203,239],"In":[204,240,285],"I":[206],"fibers,":[207,243],"(from":[213,229,250,266],"14.4":[214],"5.9":[216],"16.8":[218],"7.6;":[220],"0.047)":[223],"14.0":[230],"5.5":[232],"14.9":[234],"5.4;":[236],"IIa":[242],"18.8":[251,271],"6.1":[253],"20.5":[255],"6.4;":[257],"0.067)":[260],"19.7":[267],"4.5":[269],"4.4;":[273],"0.37).":[276],"No":[277],"changes":[278],"gene":[280],"shown.":[283],"CONCLUSIONS:":[284],"absence":[287],"any":[289],"\u03b2-alanine,":[293],"content.":[297],"contribution":[299],"appears":[310],"be":[312],"small.":[313]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2019-04-25T00:00:00"}
