{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2935115644","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2513503","title":"Experimental validation of a multi-step material decomposition method for spectral CT","display_name":"Experimental validation of a multi-step material decomposition method for spectral CT","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-04-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2935115644","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2513503","mag":"2935115644"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2513503","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2513503","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2513503","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363606018","display_name":"SPIE Medical Imaging: Physics of Medical Imaging","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Imaging 2019: Physics of Medical Imaging","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040144883","display_name":"Nathaniel R. Fredette","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nathaniel R. Fredette","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. of Houston (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Houston (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066847868","display_name":"Stefano Vespucci","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4884-9036","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4884-9036"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefano Vespucci","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. of Houston (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Houston (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061814059","display_name":"Mini Das","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6591-4768","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6591-4768"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mini Das","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. of Houston (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Houston (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0381,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70529417,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"100","last_page":"100"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12386","display_name":"Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12386","display_name":"Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10522","display_name":"Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10372","display_name":"Cardiac Imaging and Diagnostics","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-ct","display_name":"spectral CT","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/material-decomposition","display_name":"material decomposition","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-resolved-x-ray-imaging","display_name":"energy-resolved X-ray imaging","score":0.6129999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/silicon-detectors","display_name":"silicon detectors","score":0.6520000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gadolinium","display_name":"gadolinium","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iodine","display_name":"iodine","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene","display_name":"ABS","score":0.9520000219345093}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104293457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28324852","display_name":"Imaging phantom","level":2,"score":0.6852854490280151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124681953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q339062","display_name":"Decomposition","level":2,"score":0.6354191303253174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5408440828323364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.4709818363189697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184652730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2357982","display_name":"Attenuation","level":2,"score":0.4600074589252472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778258933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16918986","display_name":"Decomposition method (queueing theory)","level":2,"score":0.43599697947502136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4085143208503723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3283117413520813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2085508108139038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.19852158427238464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.17156389355659485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.14218246936798096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0897601842880249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2513503","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2513503","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2513503","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363606018","display_name":"SPIE Medical Imaging: Physics of Medical Imaging","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Imaging 2019: Physics of Medical Imaging","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967146494","https://openalex.org/W1970185852","https://openalex.org/W1980497010","https://openalex.org/W1995750884","https://openalex.org/W2036743656","https://openalex.org/W2037521346","https://openalex.org/W2069814604","https://openalex.org/W2072647673","https://openalex.org/W2141397427","https://openalex.org/W2153106851","https://openalex.org/W2592341724","https://openalex.org/W2785925092","https://openalex.org/W2793477909","https://openalex.org/W2897571266"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2950291822","https://openalex.org/W2592341724","https://openalex.org/W7067537311","https://openalex.org/W2793477909","https://openalex.org/W2905276891","https://openalex.org/W4401525877","https://openalex.org/W2110652437","https://openalex.org/W4285159966","https://openalex.org/W3123921310","https://openalex.org/W4393870816"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recently,":[0],"we":[1,47],"proposed":[2],"a":[3,17,65,70,79,130],"multi-step":[4],"material":[5,25,133],"decomposition":[6,13,74],"method":[7,34,55,126],"for":[8],"spectral":[9],"CT":[10,76],"where":[11],"the":[12,27,49,53,110],"is":[14,82,118],"solved":[15],"in":[16,61,106,114,127],"series":[18],"of":[19,42,52,75,78],"steps":[20],"each":[21],"separating":[22],"one":[23,115],"new":[24,125],"from":[26],"original":[28],"attenuation":[29],"data.":[30],"Until":[31],"now,":[32],"this":[33],"has":[35],"only":[36],"been":[37],"tested":[38],"using":[39,64,123],"numerical":[40],"simulations":[41],"multi-material":[43],"digital":[44],"phantoms.":[45],"Here":[46],"present":[48],"initial":[50],"results":[51,100],"multistep":[54],"applied":[56],"to":[57,129],"experimental":[58],"data":[59],"acquired":[60],"our":[62,124],"laboratory":[63],"Medipix":[66],"3RX":[67],"detector":[68],"with":[69],"silicon":[71],"senor.":[72],"The":[73,84,99],"images":[77],"3-material":[80],"phantom":[81],"demonstrated.":[83],"materials":[85],"studied":[86],"here":[87],"are":[88],"gadolinium":[89],"(Gd),":[90],"iodine":[91],"(I)":[92],"and":[93,103],"acrylonitrile":[94],"butadiene":[95],"styrene":[96],"(ABS)":[97],"plastic.":[98],"show":[101],"qualitative":[102],"quantitative":[104],"improvement":[105],"separation":[107],"accuracy":[108],"as":[109],"worst-case":[111],"percent":[112],"error":[113],"selected":[116],"slice":[117],"reduced":[119],"by":[120],"51.7%":[121],"when":[122],"comparison":[128],"conventional":[131],"single-step":[132],"decomposition.":[134]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2019-04-11T00:00:00"}