{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2932432496","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2019.302232","title":"A Nose for Diagnosing Asthma","display_name":"A Nose for Diagnosing Asthma","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-03-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2932432496","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2019.302232","mag":"2932432496","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30923067"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1373/clinchem.2019.302232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2019.302232","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2019.302232","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S139212996","display_name":"Clinical Chemistry","issn_l":"0009-9147","issn":["0009-9147","1530-8561"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320272","host_organization_name":"American Association for Clinical Chemistry","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320272"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for Clinical Chemistry"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Chemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2019.302232","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053904618","display_name":"Vikram Sheel Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7545-4942","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7545-4942"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098633","display_name":"Dimagi (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/015mg4834","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098633"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vikram S Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dimagi Inc., Cambridge, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dimagi Inc., Cambridge, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098633"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053904618"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098633"],"apc_list":{"value":4636,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4636},"apc_paid":{"value":4636,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4636},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.04124615,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"65","issue":"4","first_page":"603","last_page":"605"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10051","display_name":"Asthma and respiratory diseases","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10051","display_name":"Asthma and respiratory diseases","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10877","display_name":"Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2723","display_name":"Immunology and Allergy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12208","display_name":"Occupational exposure and asthma","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asthma-diagnosis","display_name":"asthma diagnosis","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/allergic-rhinitis","display_name":"allergic rhinitis","score":0.6520000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-airway-inflammation","display_name":"upper airway inflammation","score":0.6129999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spirometry-limitations","display_name":"spirometry limitations","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-allergic-asthma","display_name":"non-allergic asthma","score":0.5669999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wheezing","display_name":"wheezing","score":0.460999995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-rhinosinusitis","display_name":"chronic rhinosinusitis","score":0.5529999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nasal-polyps","display_name":"nasal polyps","score":0.33799999952316284}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910768427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q203337","display_name":"Pulmonologist","level":2,"score":0.7928601503372192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.748023271560669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780333948","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q653305","display_name":"Spirometry","level":3,"score":0.7209047079086304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776042228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35869","display_name":"Asthma","level":2,"score":0.7038173079490662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908861384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q203337","display_name":"Pulmonologists","level":2,"score":0.4909348785877228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.4780755043029785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779377019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q956131","display_name":"Overdiagnosis","level":2,"score":0.4442219138145447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4311385750770569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.38205140829086304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.29318445920944214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.19195514917373657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001249","descriptor_name":"Asthma","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001249","descriptor_name":"Asthma","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009297","descriptor_name":"Nasal Mucosa","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012313","descriptor_name":"RNA","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020869","descriptor_name":"Gene Expression Profiling","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1373/clinchem.2019.302232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2019.302232","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2019.302232","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S139212996","display_name":"Clinical Chemistry","issn_l":"0009-9147","issn":["0009-9147","1530-8561"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320272","host_organization_name":"American Association for Clinical Chemistry","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320272"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for Clinical Chemistry"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Chemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:30923067","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30923067","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical chemistry","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1373/clinchem.2019.302232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2019.302232","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2019.302232","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S139212996","display_name":"Clinical Chemistry","issn_l":"0009-9147","issn":["0009-9147","1530-8561"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320272","host_organization_name":"American Association for Clinical Chemistry","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320272"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for Clinical Chemistry"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Chemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9763000011444092}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2953113365"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2905640141","https://openalex.org/W3095474099","https://openalex.org/W2328557967","https://openalex.org/W7216789859","https://openalex.org/W2996934538","https://openalex.org/W3159913116","https://openalex.org/W3029762701","https://openalex.org/W4312892210","https://openalex.org/W3092896851","https://openalex.org/W2074639277"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Asthma":[0,982,1029],"is":[1,190,295,304,477,605,922,933,961,1015,1046,1147],"a":[2,84,147,170,267,334,449,462,465,614,642,657,689,746,820,831,838,886,936,1021,1034,1052,1148,1203,1212],"staple":[3],"diagnosis":[4,336,966],"for":[5,80,307,430,533,949,955,975,1033,1229],"primary":[6,124,977],"care":[7,125,176,978],"providers":[8],"across":[9,811],"the":[10,17,22,29,47,63,95,132,251,254,257,273,279,300,308,311,314,320,342,348,396,417,423,454,469,483,491,516,530,536,540,547,632,671,698,725,730,823,828,848,959,976,994,1001,1027,1104,1188,1207,1224],"world,":[11],"with":[12,105,266,331,498,571,584,661,688,717,729,844,885,1174],"its":[13,139,751],"workup":[14],"being":[15],"outside":[16],"laboratory":[18],"and":[19,68,87,145,172,177,236,259,278,317,353,382,461,479,503,539,720,744,815,837,870,894,911,916,944,958,991,1120,1170,1200,1205,1231],"squarely":[20],"in":[21,37,174,325,370,568,682,701,779,790,908,931,1026,1103,1108,1121,1167,1187],"clinic.":[23,1028],"Until":[24],"now,":[25],"perhaps:":[26],"Investigators":[27],"at":[28,34,71,154,209,326,560,610,613,822,993],"Icahn":[30],"School":[31],"of":[32,49,53,62,97,212,220,233,256,270,275,299,310,319,329,337,344,350,399,416,426,535,574,601,635,645,692,733,740,763,800,835,842,850,862,881,890,898,926,967,989,996,1003,1042,1054,1092,1114],"Medicine":[33,992],"Mount":[35,72,587],"Sinai":[36,588],"New":[38],"York,":[39],"led":[40],"by":[41,150,578],"Dr.":[42,167,984],"Supinda":[43],"Bunyavanich,":[44,59],"are":[45,216,357,367,391,608,788,793,1039],"exploring":[46],"use":[48,1002],"an":[50,296,412,427,755,845,963,1008,1082,1222],"RNA":[51,476],"test":[52,365,549,813,826],"nasal":[54,397,408,455,938,956],"brushings":[55],"to":[56,77,110,152,163,193,227,404,414,434,452,472,500,529,546,558,669,685,713,723,753,796,906,971,1006,1067,1085,1088,1132,1137,1143,1155,1164,1177,1180,1220],"diagnose":[57,405],"asthma.":[58,99,332,400,486,759],"Associate":[60,69],"Director":[61,925],"Jaffe":[64],"Food":[65],"Allergy":[66],"Institute":[67],"Professor":[70,988],"Sinai,":[73],"did":[74,666,873],"not":[75,781,874,946,1023,1047],"have":[76,129,432,1031,1058,1064,1100,1198],"go":[78],"far":[79],"inspiration.":[81],"She":[82],"runs":[83],"pediatric":[85],"allergy":[86],"immunology":[88],"clinic":[89,1189],"where":[90],"every":[91],"week":[92],"she":[93,134,655,1191],"confronts":[94],"realities":[96],"treating":[98],"\u201cI":[100,1185],"see":[101,640,1144,1178],"patients":[102,151,158,330],"who":[103,921],"struggle":[104],"our":[106],"current":[107],"tools.":[108],"Trying":[109],"get":[111,1221],"objective":[112],"data":[113],"usually":[114],"depends":[115],"on":[116,131,281,341,355,512,859,878],"spirometry,":[117],"which":[118,284],"can":[119,225,285,441,940,1151,1217],"be":[120,286,442,777,941,972,1019,1081,1138,1218],"difficult.":[121],"In":[122,819,1130],"many":[123],"settings,":[126],"you":[127,607,624,628],"don't":[128],"spirometry":[130,137,161],"spot,\u201d":[133],"explains.":[135,394],"And":[136],"has":[138,197,247,264,291,485,1013,1171],"challenges.":[140],"It":[141,852,872,1209],"requires":[142],"trained":[143],"staff":[144],"demands":[146],"precise":[148],"performance":[149],"arrive":[153,559],"adequate":[155],"measurements.":[156],"\u201cMost":[157],"just":[159],"find":[160,675],"difficult":[162],"do,\u201d":[164],"Bunyavanich":[165,246,1012,1159],"concludes.":[166],"Raj":[168],"Kapoor,":[169,920],"pulmonologist":[171],"specialist":[173],"critical":[175],"sleep":[178],"medicine,":[179],"supports":[180],"this":[181,905,1098,1141,1182],"view.":[182],"\u201cThe":[183,218],"old":[184],"adage,":[185],"\u2018Not":[186],"all":[187,358,770],"that":[188,208,293,440,563,606,694,791,1037,1044,1057,1150,1161],"wheezes":[189],"asthma,\u2019":[191],"attributed":[192],"physician":[194],"Chevalier":[195],"Jackson,":[196],"never":[198],"been":[199,248,292,1065,1172],"more":[200],"relevant":[201],"than":[202,768],"today,\u201d":[203],"he":[204,393,980,1094],"says,":[205],"citing":[206],"reports":[207],"least":[210,327],"30%":[211],"physicians'":[213],"asthma":[214,224,294,338,371,406,502,507,537,569,699,968,1009,1045,1069,1115,1126],"diagnoses":[215],"incorrect.":[217],"overdiagnosis":[219],"allergic":[221,863,1117],"or":[222,230,322,422,566,892,900,1076,1226],"nonallergic":[223],"lead":[226],"weeks,":[228],"months,":[229],"even":[231],"years":[232],"unnecessary":[234],"albuterol":[235],"controller":[237],"drug":[238],"treatment,\u201d":[239,1156],"says":[240,360,445,637,802,1157],"Kapoor.":[241,361],"Since":[242],"her":[243,662,1175],"fellowship":[244],"training,":[245],"thinking":[249],"about":[250,626,631],"relationship":[252],"between":[253,376,914],"biology":[255,1005],"upper":[258,312,596,865],"lower":[260,301],"airways.":[261],"The":[262,475,551,735,760,902,1215],"field":[263],"struggled":[265],"concrete":[268],"definition":[269],"asthma,":[271,377,514,654,1043],"given":[272],"number":[274,691,732],"overlapping":[276],"conditions":[277,1056],"reliance":[280],"clinical":[282,1105],"presentation,":[283],"varied.":[287],"Although":[288],"conventional":[289],"instruction":[290],"obstructive":[297,379,384],"disease":[298,386,1049],"airways,":[302],"there":[303,1038,1146],"greater":[305],"appreciation":[306],"role":[309],"airways\u2014notably":[313],"nose.":[315,1208],"Inflammation":[316],"irritation":[318],"nose":[321],"rhinitis":[323],"presents":[324],"half":[328],"\u201cEstablishing":[333],"correct":[335],"cannot":[339,374],"rely":[340],"detection":[343],"symptoms":[345,349],"alone":[346],"because":[347],"wheezing,":[351],"cough,":[352],"dyspnea":[354],"exertion":[356],"nonspecific,\u201d":[359],"\u201cFurthermore,":[362],"pulmonary":[363,380,385],"function":[364],"results":[366,856],"often":[368],"normal":[369],"and,":[372],"thus,":[373],"distinguish":[375],"chronic":[378],"disease,":[381],"asthma\u2013chronic":[383],"overlap":[387],"syndrome":[388],"when":[389,857],"they":[390,678,792,808,1162],"abnormal,\u201d":[392],"Enter":[395],"biomarker":[398],"A":[401,457,599],"simple":[402],"way":[403,1084],"via":[407],"brush":[409,467,1204],"would":[410,1018,1210],"provide":[411],"alternative":[413],"some":[415],"other":[418],"innovations\u2014exhaling":[419],"nitric":[420],"oxide":[421],"cellular":[424],"analysis":[425,557,604],"induced":[428],"sputum,":[429],"example\u2014that":[431],"failed":[433],"gain":[435],"traction.":[436],"\u201cWe":[437],"wanted":[438],"something":[439],"easily":[443,942],"accessible,\u201d":[444],"Bunyavanich.":[446,638,803],"\u201cIt":[447],"takes":[448,953],"few":[450,1213],"seconds":[451,954],"do":[453,1165],"brush.\u201d":[456],"patient":[458,484],"sits":[459],"down":[460],"provider":[463],"introduces":[464],"cytology":[466],"into":[468,1070],"patient's":[470],"nares":[471],"collect":[473],"material.":[474],"sequenced,":[478],"algorithms":[480,709,1216],"predict":[481,1153],"whether":[482,641,1145],"To":[487,639,674,804],"develop":[488,1007],"their":[489,648,702,806],"model,":[490],"investigators":[492,552,903],"took":[493],"samples":[494,1087],"from":[495,586],"66":[496],"individuals":[497,543],"mild":[499],"moderate":[501],"124":[504],"controls":[505],"without":[506],"(Fig.":[508],"1).":[509],"They":[510,664,705],"focused":[511],"nonsevere":[513],"as":[515,750,757,876,1011],"diagnostic":[517],"challenges":[518],"lay":[519],"greatest":[520],"therein.":[521],"Of":[522],"these":[523,676],"individuals,":[524,827],"150":[525],"were":[526,544,564],"randomly":[527],"assigned":[528,545],"set":[531,644],"used":[532,721,745],"development":[534],"classifier,":[538,807],"remaining":[541],"40":[542,824],"RNAseq":[548,825,915],"set.":[550,704],"performed":[553,766,943],"differential":[554,602,786],"gene":[555,612],"expression":[556,603,634,787],"2872":[561,771],"genes":[562,693,743,765],"overexpressed":[565],"underexpressed":[567],"compared":[570],"controls.":[572],"Thumbnail":[573],"study":[575,909],"flow":[576],"illustration":[577],"Jill":[579],"K.":[580],"Gregory,":[581],"CMI.":[582],"Printed":[583],"permission":[585],"Health":[589],"System,":[590],"licensed":[591],"under":[592,847],"CC":[593],"BY-NC-ND.":[594],"URI,":[595],"respiratory":[597,866],"infection.":[598],"limitation":[600],"looking":[609],"1":[611,1048,1059],"time.":[615],"\u201cThat":[616],"doesn't":[617],"reflect":[618],"what":[619],"happens.":[620],"Genes":[621],"interact.":[622],"If":[623],"think":[625,630],"biology,":[627],"should":[629],"collective":[633],"genes,\u201d":[636],"smaller":[643],"genes,":[646],"through":[647],"combined":[649],"interaction,":[650],"could":[651,776,1099,1201],"better":[652,767],"classify":[653,1068,1089],"ran":[656,707,809],"machine":[658],"learning":[659],"pipeline":[660],"team.":[663],"first":[665],"feature":[667],"selection":[668],"enhance":[670],"signal-to-noise":[672],"ratio.":[673],"features,":[677,681],"iteratively":[679],"picked":[680],"different":[683,1040,1071,1090,1109,1112,1122],"numbers,":[684],"come":[686],"up":[687],"specific":[690],"most":[695],"accurately":[696,1152],"predicted":[697],"status":[700],"training":[703],"next":[706,1227],"classification":[708,715],"including":[710,785],"logistic":[711],"regression":[712],"build":[714],"models":[716],"established":[718],"thresholds":[719],"statistics":[722],"pick":[724],"best":[726],"performing":[727],"model":[728,762],"fewest":[731],"features.":[734],"ultimate":[736],"classifier":[737,829,1010],"was":[738,1186],"composed":[739],"90":[741,764],"predictive":[742,833,840,888,896],"probability":[747],"output":[748],">0.76":[749],"threshold":[752],"label":[754],"individual":[756],"having":[758],"parsimonious":[761],"using":[769,1073,1111,1140],"differentially":[772],"expressed":[773],"genes.":[774],"\u201cGenes":[775],"contributing":[778],"ways":[780],"detectable.":[782],"Traditional":[783],"methods":[784],"limited":[789],"less":[794],"able":[795],"integrate":[797],"multiple":[798],"layers":[799],"information,\u201d":[801],"validate":[805],"it":[810,952],"8":[812],"sets":[814,880],"showed":[816],"impressive":[817],"results.":[818],"look":[821],"had":[830,853],"positive":[832,887],"value":[834,841,889,897],"1.0":[836],"negative":[839,895],"0.96":[843],"area":[846],"curve":[849],"0.994.":[851],"0":[854],"false-positive":[855],"run":[858],"5":[860],"cohorts":[861,1169],"rhinitis,":[864],"infection,":[867],"cystic":[868],"fibrosis,":[869],"smokers.":[871],"perform":[875],"well":[877],"2":[879],"asthma-control":[882],"microarray":[883,917],"samples,":[884],"0.93":[891],"0.61":[893],"0.31":[899],"0.67.":[901],"attribute":[904],"\u201cdifferences":[907],"design":[910],"technological":[912],"factors":[913],"profiling\u201d":[918],"(1).":[919],"also":[923],"Medical":[924,998],"Restful":[927],"Night":[928],"Sleep":[929],"Center":[930],"Pennsylvania,":[932],"enthusiastic.":[934],"\u201cIn":[935],"clinic,":[937],"brushing":[939,957],"does":[945],"require":[947],"machinery":[948],"collection.":[950],"Because":[951],"interpretation":[960],"automated,":[962],"instant":[964],"accurate":[965],"will":[969,1135],"prove":[970],"extremely":[973],"helpful":[974],"providers,\u201d":[979],"says.":[981,1192],"expert":[983],"Augusto":[985],"A.":[986],"Litonjua,":[987],"Pediatrics":[990],"University":[995],"Rochester":[997],"Center,":[999],"thinks":[1000],"systems":[1004],"done":[1014,1139],"\u201cpromising.\u201d":[1016],"\u201cThis":[1017],"solving":[1020],"problem":[1022],"currently":[1024],"addressed":[1025],"researchers":[1030],"known":[1032],"long":[1035],"time":[1036],"forms":[1041,1113],"but":[1050],"likely":[1051],"conglomeration":[1053],"several":[1055],"final":[1060],"common":[1061],"phenotype.":[1062],"We":[1063],"attempting":[1066],"subphenotypes":[1072],"phenotypic":[1074],"markers":[1075],"blood":[1077],"biomarkers.":[1078],"This":[1079],"may":[1080],"easier":[1083],"obtain":[1086],"types":[1091],"asthma,\u201d":[1093],"shares.":[1095],"\u201cIf":[1096],"validated,":[1097],"wide":[1101],"application":[1102],"setting.\u201d":[1106],"\u201cValidation":[1107],"populations,":[1110],"(i.e.,":[1116,1124],"vs":[1118,1127],"nonallergic),":[1119],"age-groups":[1123],"childhood":[1125],"adult":[1128],"asthma).":[1129],"addition":[1131],"classification,":[1133],"studies":[1134],"need":[1136,1163],"method":[1142],"signature":[1149],"response":[1154],"Litonjua.":[1158],"agrees":[1160],"validation":[1166],"larger":[1168],"working":[1173],"institution":[1176],"how":[1179],"move":[1181],"technology":[1183],"forward.":[1184],"yesterday,\u201d":[1190],"\u201cSomeone":[1193],"describes":[1194],"symptoms,":[1195],"we":[1196],"already":[1197],"brushes,":[1199],"take":[1202,1211],"swab":[1206],"seconds.":[1214],"automated":[1219],"answer":[1223],"same":[1225],"day":[1228],"management":[1230],"medication.\u201d":[1232]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2019-04-11T00:00:00"}
