{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2932336608","doi":null,"title":"Ursodeoxycholic Acid as a Putative Treatment for Parkinson\u2019s Disease:In vitro study of the cytoprotective effect","display_name":"Ursodeoxycholic Acid as a Putative Treatment for Parkinson\u2019s Disease:In vitro study of the cytoprotective effect","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2932336608","mag":"2932336608"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:etheses.whiterose.ac.uk:23511","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/23511/1/Mohammed%20Karami%20PhD%20thesis.pdf","pdf_url":"https://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/23511/1/Mohammed%20Karami%20PhD%20thesis.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401585","display_name":"White Rose eTheses Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800616092","host_organization_name":"White Rose University Consortium","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800616092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/23511/1/Mohammed%20Karami%20PhD%20thesis.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036412610","display_name":"Mohammed Karami","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed Karami","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036412610"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10085","display_name":"Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10085","display_name":"Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13991","display_name":"Nuclear Receptors and Signaling","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10301","display_name":"Mitochondrial Function and Pathology","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ursodeoxycholic-acid","display_name":"ursodeoxycholic acid","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parkinson-s-disease","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytoprotection","display_name":"cytoprotection","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mitochondrial-dysfunction","display_name":"mitochondrial dysfunction","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parkin-mutations","display_name":"parkin mutations","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nrf2-signaling-pathway","display_name":"Nrf2 signaling","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antioxidant-response-element","display_name":"antioxidant response element","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxidative-stress","display_name":"oxidative stress","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbonyl-cyanide-m-chlorophenylhydrazone","display_name":"CCCP","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mitochondrial-uncoupling","display_name":"mitochondrial uncoupling","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mitochondrial-biogenesis","display_name":"mitochondrial biogenesis","score":0.6230000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sh-sy5y-cells","display_name":"SH-SY5Y cells","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroprotection","display_name":"neuroprotection","score":0.6100000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-repurposing","display_name":"drug repurposing","score":0.7089999914169312}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780965833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q241374","display_name":"Ursodeoxycholic acid","level":2,"score":0.8630962371826172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777668072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2472777","display_name":"Parkin","level":4,"score":0.6778764724731445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.492889404296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28859421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39572","display_name":"Mitochondrion","level":2,"score":0.4746335446834564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.4408223330974579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.39846426248550415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3736149072647095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3504018783569336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.34017840027809143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.3240022659301758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.322133332490921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779734285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11085","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","level":3,"score":0.24979451298713684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.19633430242538452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:etheses.whiterose.ac.uk:23511","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/23511/1/Mohammed%20Karami%20PhD%20thesis.pdf","pdf_url":"https://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/23511/1/Mohammed%20Karami%20PhD%20thesis.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401585","display_name":"White Rose eTheses Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800616092","host_organization_name":"White Rose University Consortium","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800616092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:2932336608","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/23511/","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:etheses.whiterose.ac.uk:23511","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/23511/1/Mohammed%20Karami%20PhD%20thesis.pdf","pdf_url":"https://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/23511/1/Mohammed%20Karami%20PhD%20thesis.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401585","display_name":"White Rose eTheses Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800616092","host_organization_name":"White Rose University Consortium","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800616092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2932336608.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2932336608.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6997223288","https://openalex.org/W4407069088","https://openalex.org/W2091788949","https://openalex.org/W3101229877","https://openalex.org/W2106045149","https://openalex.org/W4378640215","https://openalex.org/W2122703782","https://openalex.org/W4313362620","https://openalex.org/W4309181475","https://openalex.org/W2791661848"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Parkinson\u2019s":[0],"disease":[1,7],"(PD)":[2],"is":[3,16,76,103,196,392,467,501],"an":[4,77,171],"incurable":[5],"neurodegenerative":[6],"of":[8,23,41,100,109,114,124,148,176,188,198,214,253,268,282,290,402,426,442,447,463,465,475,481],"the":[9,12,21,39,58,106,112,125,145,158,174,186,192,199,212,251,269,280,288,291,356,378,395,400,418,427,440,445,450,457,461,479],"elderly.":[10],"Although":[11],"precise":[13],"molecular":[14],"mechanism":[15,462],"unknown,":[17],"accumulative":[18],"evidence":[19],"suggests":[20],"involvement":[22],"mitochondrial":[24,46,153,177,334,379],"dysfunction.":[25],"Accordingly,":[26],"a":[27,69,136,224,235,242,302,312],"previous":[28],"drug":[29],"screening":[30],"study":[31],"was":[32,66,308,362,421,486],"carried":[33],"out":[34],"in":[35,48,60,111,122,152,173,204,216,250,301,314,317,353,373],"our":[36],"group":[37,117],"with":[38,53,132,162,287,333,377,423],"aim":[40,99],"identifying":[42],"compounds":[43],"that":[44,61,144,296,417,434,460,508],"rescue":[45,107,146,325,390,419],"function":[47],"fibroblasts":[49],"from":[50],"PD":[51,346],"patients":[52],"parkin":[54,163],"mutation.":[55],"Based":[56],"on":[57,453,471,478],"findings":[59],"study,":[62],"ursodeoxycholic":[63],"acid":[64,134],"(UDCA)":[65],"presented":[67],"as":[68],"putative":[70],"novel":[71],"treatment":[72,79,131,159,322,477],"for":[73,80,342,345],"PD.":[74,115],"UDCA":[75,110,189,215,297,321,365,466,476,512],"approved":[78],"primary":[81],"biliary":[82],"cirrhosis.":[83],"Therefore,":[84,140,355],"its":[85,254],"adoption":[86],"should":[87,285],"require":[88],"less":[89],"time":[90],"and":[91,179,206,257,351,369,491],"cost":[92],"than":[93],"de":[94],"novo":[95],"drugs.":[96],"\\nThe":[97,336],"main":[98],"this":[101,220,306,389],"project":[102,221],"to":[104,169,190,210,230,241,273,438,503],"investigate":[105,387],"effect":[108,147,391,420,452,474],"context":[113],"Our":[116],"previously":[118],"described":[119],"increased":[120,298,370],"activity":[121],"each":[123],"individual":[126],"respiratory":[127],"chain":[128],"enzymes":[129],"following":[130,157],"Ursocholanic":[133],"(UCA),":[135],"structurally":[137],"similar":[138],"compound.":[139],"we":[141,166,184,222,398],"first":[142],"hypothesised":[143],"UCA/UDCA":[149],"involves":[150],"upregulation":[151],"biogenesis.":[154],"However,":[155,305],"upon":[156,511],"protocol":[160],"used":[161,223,262],"patient":[164],"fibroblasts,":[165],"were":[167,331,412,497],"unable":[168],"demonstrate":[170],"increase":[172,307],"expression":[175,401],"proteins":[178],"mtDNA":[180],"copy":[181],"number.":[182],"\\nSubsequently,":[183],"investigated":[185,487],"ability":[187],"activate":[191],"Nrf2":[193,232,239,396,403],"pathway,":[194,397],"which":[195],"one":[197],"most":[200],"important":[201],"antioxidant":[202,246],"pathways":[203],"cells":[205,264,328,338,375],"has":[207,435],"been":[208,436],"reported":[209,437],"mediate":[211,439],"action":[213,441,464],"hepatobiliary-related":[217],"research.":[218],"In":[219],"specifically":[225],"designed":[226],"reporter":[227,263,327,337],"cell":[228,360,431],"line":[229,361],"assess":[231],"activation.":[233],"As":[234],"transcriptional":[236],"factor,":[237],"activated":[238],"binds":[240],"distinct":[243],"sequence":[244,271],"(named":[245],"response":[247],"element":[248],"(ARE))":[249],"promotor":[252],"targeted":[255],"genes,":[256],"drives":[258],"their":[259],"transcription.":[260],"The":[261,473],"contain":[265],"several":[266],"repeats":[267],"ARE":[270,292],"linked":[272],"green":[274,283,299],"fluorescent":[275],"protein":[276],"(GFP)":[277],"motif.":[278],"Thus,":[279],"measurement":[281],"fluorescence":[284,300],"correlate":[286],"transcription":[289],"sequences.":[293],"We":[294],"found":[295],"dose-dependent":[303],"manner.":[304],"not":[309,324,340,456,468],"translated":[310],"into":[311],"reduction":[313],"oxidative":[315],"stress":[316],"copper-stressed":[318],"cells.":[319],"Moreover,":[320],"did":[323],"these":[326],"when":[329],"they":[330,348],"stressed":[332,376],"toxins.":[335],"are":[339,349,509],"ideal":[341],"investigating":[343],"treatments":[344],"since":[347],"non-human":[350],"non-neuronal":[352],"nature.":[354],"human":[357],"neuroblastoma-derived":[358],"SH-SY5Y":[359,374],"subsequently":[363],"used.":[364],"significantly":[366],"reduced":[367],"cytotoxicity":[368],"ATP":[371,454],"levels":[372],"uncoupler,":[380],"carbonyl":[381],"cyanide":[382],"m-chlorophenyl":[383],"hydrazine":[384],"(CCCP).":[385],"To":[386],"whether":[388],"mediated":[393],"via":[394,406],"quantified":[399],"downstream":[404,484,506],"genes":[405],"RT-qPCR;":[407],"however,":[408,493],"no":[409,494],"positive":[410,495],"results":[411,496],"obtained.":[413,498],"\\nSubsequent":[414],"experiments":[415],"showed":[416],"associated":[422],"significant":[424],"activation":[425],"AKT":[428,448,483],"pathway":[429,433],"(a":[430],"survival":[432],"UDCA).":[443],"Interestingly,":[444],"inhibition":[446],"abolished":[449],"beneficial":[451],"but":[455],"cytotoxicity,":[458],"indicating":[459],"entirely":[469],"dependent":[470],"AKT.":[472],"phosphorylation":[480],"selected":[482],"targets":[485,507],"using":[488],"western":[489],"blotting":[490],"immunocytochemistry;":[492],"More":[499],"work":[500],"needed":[502],"identify":[504],"AKT/non-AKT":[505],"activated/inhibited":[510],"treatment.":[513]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2019-04-11T00:00:00"}