{"id":"https://openalex.org/W29311216","doi":null,"title":"The Experience of Electroconvulsive Therapy in the 1980s: A Prospective Study of the Knowledge, Opinions, and Experience of California Electroconvulsive Therapy Patients in the Berkeley Years.","display_name":"The Experience of Electroconvulsive Therapy in the 1980s: A Prospective Study of the Knowledge, Opinions, and Experience of California Electroconvulsive Therapy Patients in the Berkeley Years.","publication_year":1986,"publication_date":"1986-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W29311216","mag":"29311216","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11940864"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:11940864","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11940864","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Convulsive therapy","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107422498","display_name":"Lewis R. Baxter","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lewis R. Baxter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA Neuropsychiatric Institute and Hospital, Los Angeles, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA Neuropsychiatric Institute and Hospital, Los Angeles, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022791089","display_name":"Peter Roy\u2010Byrne","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Roy-Byrne","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088602291","display_name":"Edward H. Liston","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edward H. Liston","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108376987","display_name":"Lynn A. Fairbanks","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lynn Fairbanks","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00290958,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"3","first_page":"179","last_page":"189"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11921","display_name":"Electroconvulsive Therapy Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11921","display_name":"Electroconvulsive Therapy Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12666","display_name":"Historical Psychiatry and Medical Practices","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11678","display_name":"Healthcare Decision-Making and Restraints","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroconvulsive-therapy","display_name":"electroconvulsive therapy","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-experience","display_name":"patient experience","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-knowledge","display_name":"patient knowledge","score":0.5740000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/informed-decision-making","display_name":"informed decision-making","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory-impairment","display_name":"memory impairment","score":0.7289999723434448}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777330709","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131543","display_name":"Electroconvulsive therapy","level":3,"score":0.9525021314620972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776003135","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1333727","display_name":"Publicity","level":2,"score":0.6868579983711243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5640029907226562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777351106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49371","display_name":"Legislation","level":2,"score":0.5613817572593689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.5085817575454712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779295839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3544090","display_name":"Punishment (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.49318021535873413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.24030855298042297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776412080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7431605","display_name":"Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming)","level":2,"score":0.2238900363445282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.12116780877113342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.10405310988426208}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:11940864","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11940864","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Convulsive therapy","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:29311216","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11940864","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9391000270843506,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2085603565","https://openalex.org/W635253474","https://openalex.org/W2029631131","https://openalex.org/W2164716761","https://openalex.org/W2015773733","https://openalex.org/W1990762977","https://openalex.org/W2050106152","https://openalex.org/W1983273158","https://openalex.org/W2127267859","https://openalex.org/W2083681736","https://openalex.org/W2092543657","https://openalex.org/W2192336096","https://openalex.org/W2330257193","https://openalex.org/W2042254869","https://openalex.org/W2004919248","https://openalex.org/W2022308914","https://openalex.org/W592615579","https://openalex.org/W2101062489","https://openalex.org/W2026111575","https://openalex.org/W2227520178","https://openalex.org/W2059785300","https://openalex.org/W2049962642","https://openalex.org/W4239674279","https://openalex.org/W2485560134","https://openalex.org/W2105450510","https://openalex.org/W1993293806","https://openalex.org/W2082575900","https://openalex.org/W1980887580","https://openalex.org/W2016294880","https://openalex.org/W1968173083","https://openalex.org/W1977994725","https://openalex.org/W2119930823","https://openalex.org/W2022460798","https://openalex.org/W1504920525","https://openalex.org/W1979691782","https://openalex.org/W2113067507","https://openalex.org/W178554856","https://openalex.org/W1971247194","https://openalex.org/W2164121240","https://openalex.org/W2042106296","https://openalex.org/W2003389125","https://openalex.org/W2087353621","https://openalex.org/W2055934460","https://openalex.org/W2128885407"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2027147359","https://openalex.org/W2151064937","https://openalex.org/W2019669243","https://openalex.org/W1973631198","https://openalex.org/W2166348933","https://openalex.org/W2060656516","https://openalex.org/W2076862785","https://openalex.org/W246316513","https://openalex.org/W2166435546","https://openalex.org/W2061900260"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,35,118],"1982,":[1],"the":[2,10,28,38,68,97,116,130,136,142,175,189,192],"city":[3],"of":[4,12,33,63,96,141,165,218],"Berkeley,":[5],"California":[6,66],"voted":[7],"to":[8,56,108,156],"make":[9],"use":[11],"electroconvulsive":[13],"therapy":[14],"(ECT)":[15],"a":[16,48,153,180],"crime.":[17],"Though":[18],"later":[19],"overturned,":[20],"this":[21,36],"ordinance":[22],"generated":[23],"much":[24],"publicity":[25],"and":[26,47,61,79,112,138,159,231],"underscored":[27],"public's":[29],"general":[30],"negative":[31,182,196],"view":[32],"ECT.":[34,215],"climate,":[37],"authors":[39],"surveyed":[40],"first-time":[41,146],"ECT":[42,52,64,75,91,98,123,131,147,158,173,185,230],"recipients":[43],"(n":[44,53],"=":[45,54],"35),":[46],"group":[49],"with":[50,106,121,184],"prior":[51,122],"20)":[55],"examine":[57],"patient":[58],"knowledge,":[59],"experience,":[60],"opinions":[62],"in":[65,67,71,174,191],"1980s.":[69,193],"Patients":[70,170],"both":[72],"groups":[73],"believed":[74,149],"should":[76],"be":[77],"available":[78],"did":[80],"not":[81],"think":[82],"it":[83,221],"was":[84],"used":[85],"for":[86],"punishment":[87],"or":[88],"control.":[89],"First-time":[90],"patients":[92,148],"showed":[93],"good":[94,154],"understanding":[95],"process,":[99,132],"thought":[100],"that":[101,160],"they":[102,150,161],"had":[103,151,179,206],"adequate":[104],"information":[105],"which":[107],"decide":[109],"about":[110,115,129,135],"ECT,":[111,219],"were":[113,124,162,168],"optimistic":[114,134],"outcome.":[117],"comparison,":[119],"those":[120,187],"less":[125,127,133],"knowledgeable,":[126],"sure":[128],"outcome,":[137],"more":[139,181,195],"frightened":[140],"procedure.":[143],"After":[144],"treatment,":[145],"made":[152],"decision":[155],"have":[157,178,199],"helped.":[163],"Complaints":[164],"memory":[166],"dysfunction":[167],"common.":[169],"who":[171],"received":[172],"past":[176],"may":[177,198,225],"experience":[183],"than":[186],"undergoing":[188],"procedure":[190],"These":[194],"experiences":[197],"determined":[200],"present":[201,210],"media":[202],"presentations":[203],"and,":[204],"therefore,":[205],"an":[207],"influence":[208],"on":[209],"day":[211],"public":[212,227],"attitudes":[213,228],"against":[214],"Accurate":[216],"portrayals":[217],"as":[220],"is":[222],"done":[223],"today,":[224],"improve":[226],"toward":[229],"forestall":[232],"adverse":[233],"legislation.":[234]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}