{"id":"https://openalex.org/W293046013","doi":null,"title":"Estimation of age at death from the microscopic structure of the femur","display_name":"Estimation of age at death from the microscopic structure of the femur","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-05-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W293046013","mag":"293046013"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/24517","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24517","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401870","display_name":"UpSpace Institutional Repository (University of Pretoria)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I69552723","host_organization_name":"University of Pretoria","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69552723"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Dissertation"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046043607","display_name":"Natalie Keough","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8249-8727","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8249-8727"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Natalie Keough","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8249-8727","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5046043607"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10992","display_name":"Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10992","display_name":"Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11706","display_name":"Forensic Entomology and Diptera Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1109","display_name":"Insect Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12296","display_name":"Autopsy Techniques and Outcomes","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-estimation","display_name":"age estimation","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/femur","display_name":"femur","score":0.6259999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-microarchitecture","display_name":"bone microarchitecture","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/haversian-canals","display_name":"Haversian canals","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-remodeling","display_name":"bone remodeling","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/osteonal-bone","display_name":"osteonal bone","score":0.5860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/south-african-population","display_name":"South African population","score":0.6850000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forensic-anthropology","display_name":"forensic anthropology","score":0.5849999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-skeletal-remains","display_name":"skeletal remains","score":0.6069999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regression-equations","display_name":"regression equations","score":0.6790000200271606}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780554211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176503","display_name":"Femur","level":2,"score":0.6254260540008545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.507068395614624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.3737664222717285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.3727165460586548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.31805869936943054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3072366416454315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.23711088299751282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.17283615469932556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/24517","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24517","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401870","display_name":"UpSpace Institutional Repository (University of Pretoria)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I69552723","host_organization_name":"University of Pretoria","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69552723"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Dissertation"},{"id":"mag:293046013","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/2263/24517/1/00Dissertation.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.7246000170707703,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Gender equality","score":0.46000000834465027,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":81,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W76298574","https://openalex.org/W78553637","https://openalex.org/W153099927","https://openalex.org/W160274264","https://openalex.org/W173533909","https://openalex.org/W274870043","https://openalex.org/W601568635","https://openalex.org/W618447248","https://openalex.org/W626701182","https://openalex.org/W1428752540","https://openalex.org/W1502149531","https://openalex.org/W1518460371","https://openalex.org/W1526266325","https://openalex.org/W1533208304","https://openalex.org/W1560607431","https://openalex.org/W1582377358","https://openalex.org/W1895871613","https://openalex.org/W1914118597","https://openalex.org/W1969342429","https://openalex.org/W1972663516","https://openalex.org/W1973576527","https://openalex.org/W1975075234","https://openalex.org/W1977315156","https://openalex.org/W1979210381","https://openalex.org/W1983108087","https://openalex.org/W1983662624","https://openalex.org/W1988958965","https://openalex.org/W1994258290","https://openalex.org/W2002115107","https://openalex.org/W2004254735","https://openalex.org/W2008939664","https://openalex.org/W2013185518","https://openalex.org/W2013405721","https://openalex.org/W2015828422","https://openalex.org/W2018503548","https://openalex.org/W2032792175","https://openalex.org/W2032840173","https://openalex.org/W2044619057","https://openalex.org/W2048431840","https://openalex.org/W2056675910","https://openalex.org/W2056796499","https://openalex.org/W2059425568","https://openalex.org/W2066860809","https://openalex.org/W2072672688","https://openalex.org/W2075930384","https://openalex.org/W2077431756","https://openalex.org/W2083052009","https://openalex.org/W2084790379","https://openalex.org/W2085540027","https://openalex.org/W2086658566","https://openalex.org/W2089997571","https://openalex.org/W2091993205","https://openalex.org/W2092094715","https://openalex.org/W2094893897","https://openalex.org/W2098516705","https://openalex.org/W2100950895","https://openalex.org/W2101056320","https://openalex.org/W2108664107","https://openalex.org/W2110226794","https://openalex.org/W2111133778","https://openalex.org/W2113086365","https://openalex.org/W2116448105","https://openalex.org/W2128383326","https://openalex.org/W2132170348","https://openalex.org/W2133173731","https://openalex.org/W2142734448","https://openalex.org/W2149740962","https://openalex.org/W2153201705","https://openalex.org/W2167136810","https://openalex.org/W2174228063","https://openalex.org/W2234966833","https://openalex.org/W2261832459","https://openalex.org/W2274064237","https://openalex.org/W2402244062","https://openalex.org/W2411271629","https://openalex.org/W2472192441","https://openalex.org/W2497683467","https://openalex.org/W2532975259","https://openalex.org/W2584526132","https://openalex.org/W3135833356","https://openalex.org/W4241776582"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2970839002","https://openalex.org/W2022872953","https://openalex.org/W2809302335","https://openalex.org/W2330486623","https://openalex.org/W1895871613","https://openalex.org/W4407162549","https://openalex.org/W2022907837","https://openalex.org/W2989989819","https://openalex.org/W2936988089","https://openalex.org/W2007626745"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Estimating":[0],"age":[1,31,39,98,125,218,227,344,365],"at":[2,40,99,366],"death":[3,41],"from":[4,42,137,288],"skeletal":[5],"remains":[6,375],"can":[7,369],"be":[8,50,357,370],"done":[9],"with":[10,217,226,381],"relative":[11],"accuracy":[12],"when":[13],"a":[14,25,67,108],"skeleton":[15],"is":[16,73,315],"complete,":[17],"however":[18],"incomplete":[19],"and/or":[20],"poorly":[21],"preserved":[22],"skeletons":[23],"pose":[24],"problem":[26],"in":[27,53,212,348,372,379],"assigning":[28],"an":[29,84],"accurate":[30,52,359],"range":[32,296],"to":[33,49,93,107,149,268,276,292,317,328,338,355],"unknown":[34],"remains.":[35],"Techniques":[36],"for":[37,96,283,305,363],"determining":[38],"the":[43,76,138,142,157,164,169,176,182,187,194,210,215,230,237,244,254,298,302,318,339,346,349],"microstructure":[44],"of":[45,89,115,123,141,172,179,184,190,197,214,247,257,280,297,301,320,343,345],"bone":[46,79,102,201,204,240,259],"have":[47,326],"shown":[48],"relatively":[51],"North":[54],"American":[55],"and":[56,81,120,126,144,162,193,202,228,253,271,311,314,341],"European":[57],"populations":[58],"but,":[59],"until":[60],"recently,":[61],"had":[62],"not":[63,356],"been":[64],"attempted":[65],"on":[66,75],"South":[68,109],"African":[69,110],"group.":[70],"This":[71],"technique":[72],"based":[74],"fact":[77],"that":[78,104],"remodels":[80],"changes":[82,211],"throughout":[83],"individual\u2019s":[85],"life.":[86],"The":[87,112,207,294,351],"purpose":[88],"this":[90,306],"study":[91,307],"was":[92,135,219],"develop":[94],"standards":[95],"estimating":[97,364],"death,":[100,367],"using":[101],"microstructure,":[103],"are":[105,376],"applicable":[106],"population.":[111],"sample":[113,134],"consisted":[114],"146":[116],"individuals":[117,347],"(105":[118],"males":[119],"41":[121],"females)":[122],"known":[124],"sex.":[127],"A":[128],"0.2":[129],"cm":[130,133],"x":[131],"1.0":[132],"removed":[136],"anterior":[139],"surface":[140],"femur,":[143],"slides":[145],"were":[146,205,265,374],"prepared":[147],"according":[148],"standard":[150,299],"histological":[151],"methodology.":[152],"Ten":[153],"variables,":[154],"which":[155],"included":[156,229],"total":[158,177,188,231,245],"osteon":[159,180,232],"count":[160,233],"(measurable":[161],"non-measurable),":[163],"average":[165,170,195,255],"Haversian":[166],"canal":[167],"diameter,":[168],"number":[171,178,183,189,246],"lamellae":[173],"per":[174],"osteon,":[175],"fragments,":[181],"non-haversian":[185,248],"canals,":[186],"resorption":[191],"spaces":[192],"percentage":[196,238,256],"osteonal":[198],"bone,":[199],"unremodeled":[200,239],"fragmental":[203,258],"assessed.":[206],"relationship":[208],"between":[209,309],"each":[213],"variables":[216,222,264],"examined.":[220],"Four":[221],"demonstrated":[223],"significant":[224],"correlation":[225],"(r":[234,241,250,260],"=":[235,242,251,261,290],"0.53),":[236],"-0.53),":[243],"canals":[249],"-0.55)":[252],"0.55).":[262],"These":[263],"then":[266],"used":[267],"calculate":[269],"single":[270],"multiple":[272,284],"linear":[273],"regression":[274,285],"formulae":[275],"determine":[277],"age.":[278],"Coefficient":[279],"determination":[281],"(r2)":[282],"analyses":[286],"ranged":[287,308],"r2":[289,330],"0.27":[291],"0.42.":[293],"general":[295],"error":[300],"estimate":[303],"(SEE)":[304],"13.31":[310],"14.04":[312],"years":[313],"similar":[316],"results":[319],"previous":[321],"studies.":[322],"Various":[323],"factors":[324],"may":[325],"contributed":[327],"low":[329],"values,":[331],"such":[332],"as":[333],"poor":[334],"nutrition,":[335],"mechanical":[336],"stress":[337],"bones":[340],"misreporting":[342],"sample.":[350],"microscopic":[352],"techniques":[353],"appear":[354],"more":[358],"than":[360],"macroscopic":[361,382],"methods":[362],"but":[368],"useful":[371],"situations":[373],"fragmentary":[377],"or":[378],"combination":[380],"methods.":[383]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-27T08:07:27.782135","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
