{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2921340635","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200002947","title":"Adjudicating Economics? Central Bank Independence and the Appropriate Standard of Judicial Review","display_name":"Adjudicating Economics? Central Bank Independence and the Appropriate Standard of Judicial Review","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2921340635","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200002947","mag":"2921340635"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s2071832200002947","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200002947","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200002947","pdf_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/78EAF0BC5DB80CCE84D5520F4CF236DF/S2071832200002947a.pdf/div-class-title-adjudicating-economics-central-bank-independence-and-the-appropriate-standard-of-judicial-review-div.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117224066","display_name":"German Law Journal","issn_l":"2071-8322","issn":["2071-8322"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"German Law Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/78EAF0BC5DB80CCE84D5520F4CF236DF/S2071832200002947a.pdf/div-class-title-adjudicating-economics-central-bank-independence-and-the-appropriate-standard-of-judicial-review-div.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054040158","display_name":"Matthias Goldmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6551-1624","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6551-1624"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149899117","display_name":"Max Planck Society","ror":"https://ror.org/01hhn8329","country_code":"DE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210141359","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law","ror":"https://ror.org/0515m2n86","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210141359"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Matthias Goldmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law, Max Planck Society"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law, Max Planck Society","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210141359"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5054040158"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210141359"],"apc_list":{"value":2660,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2660},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":23.8911,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":53,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99147773,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"2","first_page":"265","last_page":"280"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13710","display_name":"European and International Law Studies","score":0.923799991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13710","display_name":"European and International Law Studies","score":0.923799991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10802","display_name":"Judicial and Constitutional Studies","score":0.05979999899864197,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14166","display_name":"European Monetary and Fiscal Policies","score":0.0034000000450760126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-bank-independence","display_name":"central bank independence","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standard-of-review","display_name":"standard of review","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/federal-constitutional-court","display_name":"Federal Constitutional Court","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-central-bank","display_name":"European Central Bank","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outright-monetary-transactions","display_name":"Outright Monetary Transactions","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preliminary-ruling","display_name":"preliminary references","score":0.6850000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/karlsruhe","display_name":"Karlsruhe","score":0.3700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/basic-law","display_name":"German Basic Law","score":0.6340000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-union-competences","display_name":"EU competences","score":0.39500001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unconventional-monetary-policy","display_name":"unconventional monetary policy","score":0.6079999804496765}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777804265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138203","display_name":"Ultra vires","level":3,"score":0.838218092918396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775884135","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845436","display_name":"Mandate","level":2,"score":0.6136528849601746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781442640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7598368","display_name":"Standard of review","level":3,"score":0.5898257493972778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5642450451850891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42027317","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2307054","display_name":"Principle of legality","level":2,"score":0.5615999102592468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778012447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1034415","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.53327476978302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.5222171545028687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126285488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178476","display_name":"Monetary policy","level":2,"score":0.47778353095054626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48764862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898871","display_name":"Judicial review","level":2,"score":0.4649549722671509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776109892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q825026","display_name":"Economic and monetary union","level":3,"score":0.46243369579315186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.45411965250968933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154775046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188","display_name":"German","level":2,"score":0.41314923763275146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.4064604640007019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910001868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458","display_name":"European union","level":2,"score":0.3756501078605652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105639569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q582577","display_name":"Economic policy","level":1,"score":0.19751322269439697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.1578780710697174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776211767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117850","display_name":"Doctrine","level":2,"score":0.07409101724624634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s2071832200002947","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200002947","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200002947","pdf_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/78EAF0BC5DB80CCE84D5520F4CF236DF/S2071832200002947a.pdf/div-class-title-adjudicating-economics-central-bank-independence-and-the-appropriate-standard-of-judicial-review-div.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117224066","display_name":"German Law Journal","issn_l":"2071-8322","issn":["2071-8322"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"German Law Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:edoc.mpg.de:700625","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://edoc.mpg.de/700625","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922265","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"German Law Journal, v.15, 265-280 (2014)","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.mpg.de:item_3107564","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0004-FD7C-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400654","display_name":"MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I149899117","host_organization_name":"Max Planck Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"German Law Journal","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s2071832200002947","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200002947","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200002947","pdf_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/78EAF0BC5DB80CCE84D5520F4CF236DF/S2071832200002947a.pdf/div-class-title-adjudicating-economics-central-bank-independence-and-the-appropriate-standard-of-judicial-review-div.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117224066","display_name":"German Law Journal","issn_l":"2071-8322","issn":["2071-8322"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"German Law Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.47620001435279846}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2921340635.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2921340635.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W63206496","https://openalex.org/W335544378","https://openalex.org/W1022946631","https://openalex.org/W1506520242","https://openalex.org/W1558194331","https://openalex.org/W1559924327","https://openalex.org/W1564251179","https://openalex.org/W1961817676","https://openalex.org/W1991875428","https://openalex.org/W2016304402","https://openalex.org/W2140898820","https://openalex.org/W2150306917","https://openalex.org/W2329428484","https://openalex.org/W2463705508","https://openalex.org/W2590725625","https://openalex.org/W2788834638","https://openalex.org/W3113203877","https://openalex.org/W3121426540","https://openalex.org/W3121618273","https://openalex.org/W3123510272"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2981393782","https://openalex.org/W7112489681","https://openalex.org/W6887662264","https://openalex.org/W4412666853","https://openalex.org/W4283362265","https://openalex.org/W1565472842","https://openalex.org/W3027396565","https://openalex.org/W7163656421","https://openalex.org/W4412140385","https://openalex.org/W2982404574"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,119],"Karlsruhe's":[1],"recent":[2,112],"request":[3],"for":[4,86,134,167,181],"a":[5,73,135,178],"preliminary":[6],"ruling,":[7],"an":[8,20],"unconventional":[9,21,79,100],"monetary":[10,80,141],"policy":[11,81],"measure":[12],"of":[13,58,93,102,105,140,146,157,169,185],"the":[14,30,35,47,56,59,64,84,87,91,98,103,111,121,128,154,165,170,183,186],"European":[15,60,171],"Central":[16],"Bank":[17],"(ECB)":[18],"finds":[19],"judicial":[22,106],"response.":[23],"Based":[24],"on":[25,127],"its":[26,44,94],"mandate":[27],"to":[28,33,89,137,174],"enforce":[29],"fundamental":[31],"right":[32],"vote,":[34],"Federal":[36],"Constitutional":[37],"Court":[38],"(FCC)":[39],"leaves":[40,117],"no":[41],"doubt":[42],"about":[43],"view":[45],"that":[46],"ECB's":[48],"Outright":[49],"Monetary":[50],"Transactions":[51],"Programme":[52],"(OMT":[53],"Programme)":[54],"violates":[55],"law":[57],"Union":[61],"and":[62,143],"hence":[63],"German":[65],"Basic":[66],"Law,":[67],"unless":[68],"one":[69],"reads":[70],"them":[71],"in":[72,114],"rather":[74],"restrictive":[75],"way.":[76],"But":[77],"as":[78],"steps":[82],"up":[83],"need":[85],"ECB":[88],"justify":[90],"legality":[92],"measures,":[95],"so":[96],"does":[97,123],"FCC's":[99,187],"expansion":[101],"scope":[104,184],"review":[107,138,147,158],"raise":[108],"questions":[109],"which":[110,144],"decision":[113,122],"its\u2014generally":[115],"laudable\u2014brevity":[116],"underexplored.":[118],"particular,":[120],"not":[124],"dwell":[125],"much":[126],"issue":[129],"whether":[130,164],"it":[131],"is":[132,177],"appropriate":[133],"court":[136],"issues":[139],"policy,":[142],"standard":[145,156],"should":[148],"apply.":[149],"Only":[150],"Judge":[151],"Gerhardt":[152],"calls":[153],"majority's":[155],"into":[159],"question":[160],"when":[161],"he":[162],"doubts":[163],"requirement":[166],"transgressions":[168],"Union's":[172],"competences":[173],"be":[175],"\u201cmanifest\u201d":[176],"workable":[179],"criterion":[180],"defining":[182],"ultra":[188],"vires":[189],"control.":[190]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2019-03-22T00:00:00"}