{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2921315768","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200018058","title":"Terrorist Attacks Against the Natural Environment: A Phantom or a Real Danger","display_name":"Terrorist Attacks Against the Natural Environment: A Phantom or a Real Danger","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2921315768","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200018058","mag":"2921315768"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s2071832200018058","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200018058","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200018058","pdf_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/8DC51217B11931D491C7569C12AA2A63/S2071832200018058a.pdf/div-class-title-terrorist-attacks-against-the-natural-environment-a-phantom-or-a-real-danger-div.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117224066","display_name":"German Law Journal","issn_l":"2071-8322","issn":["2071-8322"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"German Law Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/8DC51217B11931D491C7569C12AA2A63/S2071832200018058a.pdf/div-class-title-terrorist-attacks-against-the-natural-environment-a-phantom-or-a-real-danger-div.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022970598","display_name":"Martin Heger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5319-218X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5319-218X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39343248","display_name":"Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/01hcx6992","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39343248"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Martin Heger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Professor at Humboldt University , Berlin"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Professor at Humboldt University , Berlin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39343248"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022970598"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39343248"],"apc_list":{"value":2660,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2660},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.56016882,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"9","first_page":"1066","last_page":"1074"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10994","display_name":"Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence","score":0.9765999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10994","display_name":"Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence","score":0.9765999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14372","display_name":"Environmental and Biological Research in Conflict Zones","score":0.007499999832361937,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13756","display_name":"International Environmental Law and Policies","score":0.00419999985024333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eco-terrorism","display_name":"eco-terrorism","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bioterrorism","display_name":"bioterrorism","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biological-weapons","display_name":"biological weapons","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/islamist-terrorism","display_name":"jihadist terrorism","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/september-11-attacks","display_name":"September 11 attacks","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-security","display_name":"environmental security","score":0.503000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terrorism-legislation","display_name":"terrorism law","score":0.49799999594688416}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203133693","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7283","display_name":"Terrorism","level":2,"score":0.6567463874816895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6366366147994995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3579360842704773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.32392311096191406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.31774061918258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.24104666709899902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.15953704714775085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.06651833653450012}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s2071832200018058","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200018058","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200018058","pdf_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/8DC51217B11931D491C7569C12AA2A63/S2071832200018058a.pdf/div-class-title-terrorist-attacks-against-the-natural-environment-a-phantom-or-a-real-danger-div.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117224066","display_name":"German Law Journal","issn_l":"2071-8322","issn":["2071-8322"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"German Law Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s2071832200018058","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200018058","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200018058","pdf_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/8DC51217B11931D491C7569C12AA2A63/S2071832200018058a.pdf/div-class-title-terrorist-attacks-against-the-natural-environment-a-phantom-or-a-real-danger-div.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117224066","display_name":"German Law Journal","issn_l":"2071-8322","issn":["2071-8322"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"German Law Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.666700005531311}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2921315768.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2921315768.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W152632642","https://openalex.org/W196997591","https://openalex.org/W1544099768","https://openalex.org/W6600721837"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2062172271","https://openalex.org/W2038401866","https://openalex.org/W7027875980","https://openalex.org/W4385623971","https://openalex.org/W1565963417","https://openalex.org/W2761367735","https://openalex.org/W583587913","https://openalex.org/W41509166","https://openalex.org/W4254474720","https://openalex.org/W2208633636"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"During":[0],"the":[1,27,30,45,63],"last":[2],"few":[3],"decades":[4],"scholars":[5],"have":[6],"discussed":[7,40],"various":[8],"different":[9],"scenarios":[10,17],"of":[11,15,50],"modern":[12],"terrorism.":[13],"One":[14],"these":[16],"\u2013\u2013":[18,22],"Islamic":[19],"motivated":[20],"terrorism":[21],"came":[23],"to":[24],"light":[25],"with":[26],"attacks":[28,43,54],"on":[29,34],"World":[31],"Trade":[32],"Center":[33],"11":[35],"September":[36],"2001.":[37],"Another":[38],"scenario":[39],"involves":[41],"terrorist":[42],"against":[44],"natural":[46],"environment":[47],"as":[48],"part":[49],"so-called":[51],"\u201ceco-terrorism\u201d.":[52],"These":[53],"are":[55,69],"either":[56],"carried":[57],"out":[58],"using":[59],"traditional":[60],"weapons":[61,68],"or":[62],"often-discussed":[64],"\u201cbioterrorism\u201d,":[65],"where":[66],"biological":[67],"manufactured":[70],"and":[71],"misused":[72],"by":[73],"terrorists.":[74]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-25T07:29:55.448023","created_date":"2019-03-22T00:00:00"}
