{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2917889079","doi":null,"title":"Effects of After-School Education Vouchers on Children's Academic and Behavioral Outcomes: Evidence from a Randomized Experiment","display_name":"Effects of After-School Education Vouchers on Children's Academic and Behavioral Outcomes: Evidence from a Randomized Experiment","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-12-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2917889079","mag":"2917889079"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:keo:dpaper:2018-020","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ies.keio.ac.jp/upload/pdf/en/DP2018-020.pdf","pdf_url":"https://ies.keio.ac.jp/upload/pdf/en/DP2018-020.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068721034","display_name":"Hideo Akabayashi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6347-2895","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6347-2895"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hideo Akabayashi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6347-2895","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090473186","display_name":"Hiroko Araki","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hiroko Araki","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025902025","display_name":"Ryuichi Tanaka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3483-5175","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3483-5175","https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7051-1035"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ryuichi Tanaka","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11998","display_name":"Youth Development and Social Support","score":0.61080002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11998","display_name":"Youth Development and Social Support","score":0.61080002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13566","display_name":"Global Educational Reforms and Inequalities","score":0.267300009727478,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10674","display_name":"School Choice and Performance","score":0.09870000183582306,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-outcomes","display_name":"educational outcomes","score":0.5170000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-behavior","display_name":"student behavior","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/great-east-japan-earthquake","display_name":"Great East Japan Earthquake","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-esteem","display_name":"self-esteem","score":0.6140000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-life","display_name":"quality of life","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/study-time","display_name":"study time","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-test-scores","display_name":"mathematics scores","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/junior-high-school-students","display_name":"junior high school students","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secondary-school-students","display_name":"high school students","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-environment","display_name":"learning environment","score":0.5929999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/value-added-models","display_name":"value-added models","score":0.4860000014305115}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105458232","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689044","display_name":"Voucher","level":2,"score":0.9161586761474609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780553607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q684868","display_name":"Attrition","level":2,"score":0.4951745569705963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.48108789324760437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79550985","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7157263","display_name":"Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test","level":3,"score":0.4805058240890503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.45640647411346436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129410224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7291958","display_name":"Random assignment","level":2,"score":0.4416772425174713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203151758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3244907","display_name":"Standardized test","level":2,"score":0.4282380938529968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781206393","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2748419","display_name":"Academic achievement","level":2,"score":0.4236072897911072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.3773954510688782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.36149948835372925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.3216897249221802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2584095299243927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.22673684358596802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.22175991535186768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.09890705347061157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199343813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128","display_name":"Dentistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:keo:dpaper:2018-020","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ies.keio.ac.jp/upload/pdf/en/DP2018-020.pdf","pdf_url":"https://ies.keio.ac.jp/upload/pdf/en/DP2018-020.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"mag:2917889079","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:keo:dpaper:2018-020","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9235000014305115,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial","display_name":"Clinical Trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1987251775","https://openalex.org/W2002037666","https://openalex.org/W2003181351","https://openalex.org/W2007706875","https://openalex.org/W2047974420","https://openalex.org/W2054926600","https://openalex.org/W2081790715","https://openalex.org/W2124758339","https://openalex.org/W2137968291","https://openalex.org/W2144964572","https://openalex.org/W2155648052","https://openalex.org/W2156424544","https://openalex.org/W2172043172","https://openalex.org/W2194905446","https://openalex.org/W2314000390","https://openalex.org/W2333609809","https://openalex.org/W2908976248","https://openalex.org/W3122967851","https://openalex.org/W3125393536"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2402772430","https://openalex.org/W2908976248","https://openalex.org/W2998282858","https://openalex.org/W2966908859","https://openalex.org/W100400848","https://openalex.org/W7098414545","https://openalex.org/W7169929870","https://openalex.org/W7098859140","https://openalex.org/W7098502930","https://openalex.org/W3153006386"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,52,82,157,186,207],"estimated":[1,53,209],"the":[2,31,47,54,80,92,98,110,121,152,160,168,189,197,210,215,221,245,253,258,261,265],"causal":[3],"impact":[4],"of":[5,20,34,46,57,77,79,112,123,127,133,138,162,171,191,199,212,223,255,260,264],"vouchers":[6,37,113,165,192,213,224,256],"for":[7,102],"after-school":[8,35,163],"education":[9,36,164],"programs":[10],"on":[11,30,120,214,232],"children's":[12,216],"academic":[13,62,276],"and":[14,22,66,70,75,91,117,132,140,181,228],"behavioral":[15],"outcomes":[16,59],"using":[17],"experimental":[18],"data":[19],"middle":[21,139,172],"high":[23,128,141],"school":[24,129,142,173],"students.":[25],"Our":[26,105],"identification":[27],"strategy":[28],"relied":[29],"random":[32],"assignment":[33,111,161,190,222,254],"provided":[38],"to":[39,88,151,196],"children":[40,266],"who":[41],"suffered":[42],"as":[43,61],"a":[44,115,226],"result":[45],"Great":[48],"East":[49],"Japan":[50],"Earthquake.":[51],"value-added":[55],"models":[56],"various":[58],"such":[60],"test":[63,125,136],"scores":[64,126,137,170],"(mathematics":[65],"Japanese":[67],"language":[68,134],"art)":[69],"non-cognitive":[71],"skill":[72],"measures":[73],"(self-esteem":[74],"quality":[76,198,259],"life)":[78],"children.":[81],"carefully":[83],"treated":[84],"potential":[85],"biases":[86],"due":[87],"sample":[89,94],"attrition":[90],"small":[93],"property":[95],"by":[96],"employing":[97],"inverse":[99],"probability":[100],"weight":[101],"regression":[103],"analyses.":[104],"estimation":[106],"results":[107,148],"revealed":[108],"that":[109,159,188,220,252],"had":[114,225],"positive":[116,227,240],"significant":[118,230],"effect":[119,211,231],"increase":[122],"mathematics":[124],"students":[130,143,174],"immediately,":[131,175],"art":[135],"in":[144,183,244,274],"one":[145,184],"year.":[146,185],"These":[147],"were":[149,205,242],"robust":[150],"fully":[153,246],"non-parametric":[154],"permutation":[155,248],"tests.":[156,249],"found":[158,187],"negatively":[166],"affected":[167],"self-esteem":[169],"but":[176,202],"this":[177],"relationship":[178],"became":[179],"weak":[180],"insignificant":[182,243],"was":[193],"positively":[194],"related":[195],"life":[200],"measure,":[201],"these":[203,239],"relationships":[204],"insignificant.":[206],"also":[208],"study":[217,233,262,270],"time,":[218,234,271],"finding":[219],"statistically":[229],"mainly":[235],"at":[236],"home.":[237],"However,":[238],"effects":[241],"nonparametric":[247],"This":[250],"indicates":[251],"improved":[257],"environment":[263],"without":[267],"increasing":[268],"their":[269],"thus":[272],"resulting":[273],"better":[275],"outcomes.":[277]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2019-03-02T00:00:00"}
