{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2915611599","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511550775.008","title":"North\u2013South dichotomies, 1066\u20131550","display_name":"North\u2013South dichotomies, 1066\u20131550","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-06-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2915611599","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511550775.008","mag":"2915611599"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/cbo9780511550775.008","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511550775.008","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511550775.008","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306462995","display_name":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Geographies of England","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1538825416","display_name":"Geographies of England"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003902089","display_name":"Bruce Campbell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0123-4859","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0123-4859"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126231945","display_name":"Queen's University Belfast","ror":"https://ror.org/00hswnk62","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bruce M. S. Campbell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Professor of Geography, Queen's University of Belfast"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Professor of Geography, Queen's University of Belfast","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003902089"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.3529,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96235435,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"145","last_page":"174"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13714","display_name":"Medieval Architecture and Archaeology","score":0.6323000192642212,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology (arts and humanities)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13714","display_name":"Medieval Architecture and Archaeology","score":0.6323000192642212,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology (arts and humanities)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14355","display_name":"Historical Studies of British Isles","score":0.1160999983549118,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10595","display_name":"Medieval Literature and History","score":0.09650000184774399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1205","display_name":"Classics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/north-south-divide","display_name":"North-South divide","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/late-medieval-england","display_name":"late medieval England","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lordship","display_name":"lordship","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/market-access","display_name":"market access","score":0.5550000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/center-periphery-relations","display_name":"center-periphery relations","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medieval-england","display_name":"medieval England","score":0.3050000071525574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59462968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10361123","display_name":"Dichotomy","level":2,"score":0.8579275608062744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101302269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172881","display_name":"Centripetal force","level":2,"score":0.5875505208969116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.5230540037155151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777063073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1553237","display_name":"Settlement (finance)","level":3,"score":0.4984879493713379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781291010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178580","display_name":"Period (music)","level":2,"score":0.4673037528991699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.3222172260284424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.10256272554397583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.07370764017105103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145097563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747","display_name":"Payment","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107038049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35986","display_name":"Aesthetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/cbo9780511550775.008","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511550775.008","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511550775.008","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306462995","display_name":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Geographies of England","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":348,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W25714452","https://openalex.org/W52023091","https://openalex.org/W65901600","https://openalex.org/W68988222","https://openalex.org/W69869848","https://openalex.org/W125026441","https://openalex.org/W162936672","https://openalex.org/W190393654","https://openalex.org/W264013765","https://openalex.org/W403231102","https://openalex.org/W415440779","https://openalex.org/W568173745","https://openalex.org/W570851757","https://openalex.org/W582175817","https://openalex.org/W582799886","https://openalex.org/W583305704","https://openalex.org/W594168124","https://openalex.org/W607900384","https://openalex.org/W615829634","https://openalex.org/W616828021","https://openalex.org/W625960733","https://openalex.org/W626966193","https://openalex.org/W631697409","https://openalex.org/W632196641","https://openalex.org/W638008461","https://openalex.org/W649987077","https://openalex.org/W657298610","https://openalex.org/W658666312","https://openalex.org/W1274286924","https://openalex.org/W1482025514","https://openalex.org/W1504231853","https://openalex.org/W1509076762","https://openalex.org/W1523856861","https://openalex.org/W1530623595","https://openalex.org/W1536745660","https://openalex.org/W1539469286","https://openalex.org/W1539990571","https://openalex.org/W1540803087","https://openalex.org/W1545753051","https://openalex.org/W1548583970","https://openalex.org/W1558359436","https://openalex.org/W1567288013","https://openalex.org/W1568371106","https://openalex.org/W1573614889","https://openalex.org/W1576887168","https://openalex.org/W1577693258","https://openalex.org/W1578575640","https://openalex.org/W1583645327","https://openalex.org/W1596721102","https://openalex.org/W1600974533","https://openalex.org/W1821865483","https://openalex.org/W1908171465","https://openalex.org/W1963752765","https://openalex.org/W1964560513","https://openalex.org/W1966820712","https://openalex.org/W1967101260","https://openalex.org/W1968298144","https://openalex.org/W1968994485","https://openalex.org/W1970002524","https://openalex.org/W1970167535","https://openalex.org/W1972376661","https://openalex.org/W1972571447","https://openalex.org/W1973632260","https://openalex.org/W1974135921","https://openalex.org/W1975779988","https://openalex.org/W1976892414","https://openalex.org/W1977301259","https://openalex.org/W1977377583","https://openalex.org/W1977962957","https://openalex.org/W1978387285","https://openalex.org/W1978465027","https://openalex.org/W1978583215","https://openalex.org/W1981839633","https://openalex.org/W1982928704","https://openalex.org/W1984106450","https://openalex.org/W1985162585","https://openalex.org/W1986441269","https://openalex.org/W1988198457","https://openalex.org/W1988807729","https://openalex.org/W1989557881","https://openalex.org/W1989858498","https://openalex.org/W1993737922","https://openalex.org/W1995615671","https://openalex.org/W1996224547","https://openalex.org/W1998421266","https://openalex.org/W1998809453","https://openalex.org/W1999502455","https://openalex.org/W1999825328","https://openalex.org/W1999958970","https://openalex.org/W2001479436","https://openalex.org/W2002827489","https://openalex.org/W2004127559","https://openalex.org/W2004446409","https://openalex.org/W2006059869","https://openalex.org/W2007143485","https://openalex.org/W2008878114","https://openalex.org/W2008978935","https://openalex.org/W2009434934","https://openalex.org/W2009978848","https://openalex.org/W2010153033","https://openalex.org/W2010305957","https://openalex.org/W2011811127","https://openalex.org/W2012885201","https://openalex.org/W2013413623","https://openalex.org/W2014446001","https://openalex.org/W2015124316","https://openalex.org/W2015471122","https://openalex.org/W2015879528","https://openalex.org/W2016514821","https://openalex.org/W2017103724","https://openalex.org/W2018686960","https://openalex.org/W2019461361","https://openalex.org/W2023509749","https://openalex.org/W2023667263","https://openalex.org/W2024408800","https://openalex.org/W2024412575","https://openalex.org/W2024541008","https://openalex.org/W2026107642","https://openalex.org/W2026511433","https://openalex.org/W2027377517","https://openalex.org/W2028039269","https://openalex.org/W2028279383","https://openalex.org/W2029022671","https://openalex.org/W2029220777","https://openalex.org/W2030458331","https://openalex.org/W2030713745","https://openalex.org/W2031384811","https://openalex.org/W2033183220","https://openalex.org/W2033590588","https://openalex.org/W2035602692","https://openalex.org/W2035960036","https://openalex.org/W2036740439","https://openalex.org/W2037008060","https://openalex.org/W2037055847","https://openalex.org/W2037880270","https://openalex.org/W2038232912","https://openalex.org/W2038486804","https://openalex.org/W2040965331","https://openalex.org/W2042388792","https://openalex.org/W2045353025","https://openalex.org/W2045692182","https://openalex.org/W2045780514","https://openalex.org/W2046464792","https://openalex.org/W2046620054","https://openalex.org/W2047480250","https://openalex.org/W2047745367","https://openalex.org/W2047906408","https://openalex.org/W2048683619","https://openalex.org/W2051422193","https://openalex.org/W2052633197","https://openalex.org/W2052948564","https://openalex.org/W2053120142","https://openalex.org/W2054097104","https://openalex.org/W2054324097","https://openalex.org/W2054466400","https://openalex.org/W2055205177","https://openalex.org/W2055984729","https://openalex.org/W2056165626","https://openalex.org/W2056522594","https://openalex.org/W2061930688","https://openalex.org/W2063323825","https://openalex.org/W2064268062","https://openalex.org/W2065000256","https://openalex.org/W2065680083","https://openalex.org/W2069104432","https://openalex.org/W2070750602","https://openalex.org/W2073232649","https://openalex.org/W2073271359","https://openalex.org/W2073485631","https://openalex.org/W2074600433","https://openalex.org/W2077181122","https://openalex.org/W2078384867","https://openalex.org/W2082827379","https://openalex.org/W2083379725","https://openalex.org/W2083984937","https://openalex.org/W2084284460","https://openalex.org/W2085316833","https://openalex.org/W2088732887","https://openalex.org/W2090281805","https://openalex.org/W2090788205","https://openalex.org/W2092310484","https://openalex.org/W2093644498","https://openalex.org/W2094648834","https://openalex.org/W2094804480","https://openalex.org/W2095033186","https://openalex.org/W2095330420","https://openalex.org/W2095447227","https://openalex.org/W2096267268","https://openalex.org/W2099099077","https://openalex.org/W2101985603","https://openalex.org/W2102533517","https://openalex.org/W2105179870","https://openalex.org/W2107445907","https://openalex.org/W2121843094","https://openalex.org/W2123099086","https://openalex.org/W2125058066","https://openalex.org/W2139517897","https://openalex.org/W2144766973","https://openalex.org/W2147674546","https://openalex.org/W2149064357","https://openalex.org/W2153840336","https://openalex.org/W2157393571","https://openalex.org/W2161347513","https://openalex.org/W2194269871","https://openalex.org/W2223270397","https://openalex.org/W2279160419","https://openalex.org/W2290403508","https://openalex.org/W2302591558","https://openalex.org/W2316456742","https://openalex.org/W2317168864","https://openalex.org/W2317208158","https://openalex.org/W2321973577","https://openalex.org/W2326385201","https://openalex.org/W2326670181","https://openalex.org/W2328156803","https://openalex.org/W2328364763","https://openalex.org/W2331178877","https://openalex.org/W2332226915","https://openalex.org/W2332659143","https://openalex.org/W2333027585","https://openalex.org/W2333430461","https://openalex.org/W2333607037","https://openalex.org/W2335137840","https://openalex.org/W2335670494","https://openalex.org/W2468286662","https://openalex.org/W2476711519","https://openalex.org/W2478577404","https://openalex.org/W2478745894","https://openalex.org/W2480640082","https://openalex.org/W2482699754","https://openalex.org/W2486898485","https://openalex.org/W2488126014","https://openalex.org/W2488937146","https://openalex.org/W2489291670","https://openalex.org/W2489555489","https://openalex.org/W2490302418","https://openalex.org/W2491837073","https://openalex.org/W2493505422","https://openalex.org/W2494781287","https://openalex.org/W2494859012","https://openalex.org/W2497811299","https://openalex.org/W2497995986","https://openalex.org/W2498355260","https://openalex.org/W2500602942","https://openalex.org/W2500632867","https://openalex.org/W2501277960","https://openalex.org/W2501391412","https://openalex.org/W2501879042","https://openalex.org/W2501922861","https://openalex.org/W2501994841","https://openalex.org/W2502347926","https://openalex.org/W2503040421","https://openalex.org/W2505703455","https://openalex.org/W2512951140","https://openalex.org/W2530831915","https://openalex.org/W2570612499","https://openalex.org/W2573430436","https://openalex.org/W2588950581","https://openalex.org/W2603508913","https://openalex.org/W2607569506","https://openalex.org/W2608803561","https://openalex.org/W2612774631","https://openalex.org/W2623529017","https://openalex.org/W2744252630","https://openalex.org/W2792842106","https://openalex.org/W2798600307","https://openalex.org/W2798799040","https://openalex.org/W2799060018","https://openalex.org/W2799067406","https://openalex.org/W2803058831","https://openalex.org/W2902308930","https://openalex.org/W2903595014","https://openalex.org/W2907162830","https://openalex.org/W2912293881","https://openalex.org/W2946132376","https://openalex.org/W2949018039","https://openalex.org/W2951428304","https://openalex.org/W2955127264","https://openalex.org/W2955666736","https://openalex.org/W2974351554","https://openalex.org/W2986561304","https://openalex.org/W2989673313","https://openalex.org/W2989763907","https://openalex.org/W2992158480","https://openalex.org/W2992855994","https://openalex.org/W3083201018","https://openalex.org/W3149157588","https://openalex.org/W4210819085","https://openalex.org/W4211051390","https://openalex.org/W4211114655","https://openalex.org/W4213223251","https://openalex.org/W4214925187","https://openalex.org/W4229912641","https://openalex.org/W4230384628","https://openalex.org/W4230639776","https://openalex.org/W4231011341","https://openalex.org/W4231241358","https://openalex.org/W4231932543","https://openalex.org/W4232181459","https://openalex.org/W4233655007","https://openalex.org/W4233876075","https://openalex.org/W4234583960","https://openalex.org/W4235337946","https://openalex.org/W4235788272","https://openalex.org/W4235836892","https://openalex.org/W4235924482","https://openalex.org/W4236124845","https://openalex.org/W4236378985","https://openalex.org/W4237453881","https://openalex.org/W4237668294","https://openalex.org/W4237982276","https://openalex.org/W4240151353","https://openalex.org/W4240644254","https://openalex.org/W4240964511","https://openalex.org/W4240977097","https://openalex.org/W4243492301","https://openalex.org/W4246006318","https://openalex.org/W4246562242","https://openalex.org/W4248386817","https://openalex.org/W4250565547","https://openalex.org/W4250957349","https://openalex.org/W4251196202","https://openalex.org/W4251398562","https://openalex.org/W4252139768","https://openalex.org/W4253675027","https://openalex.org/W4253781650","https://openalex.org/W4255288172","https://openalex.org/W4255703667","https://openalex.org/W4255830465","https://openalex.org/W4256066684","https://openalex.org/W4256222499","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4292913934","https://openalex.org/W4298363094","https://openalex.org/W4300928028","https://openalex.org/W4301100450","https://openalex.org/W4319778729","https://openalex.org/W4388259608","https://openalex.org/W4403104643","https://openalex.org/W4403917616","https://openalex.org/W6628794542","https://openalex.org/W6642267752","https://openalex.org/W6662487640","https://openalex.org/W6664120076","https://openalex.org/W6666432345","https://openalex.org/W6724319301","https://openalex.org/W6797763977","https://openalex.org/W7048939604"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4310830675","https://openalex.org/W2966133964","https://openalex.org/W4393939280","https://openalex.org/W4310829714","https://openalex.org/W631164090","https://openalex.org/W7025418818","https://openalex.org/W988278629","https://openalex.org/W6996282460","https://openalex.org/W654684796","https://openalex.org/W2567615774"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Late-medieval":[0],"England":[1],"was":[2,104,163,200,213],"a":[3,92,106,109],"land":[4],"of":[5,48,82,88,134,178,195],"dichotomies.":[6],"The":[7,130],"most":[8,217],"conspicuous":[9],"were":[10,51,148],"those":[11],"between":[12,40,115,159,169,205],"upland":[13],"and":[14,17,21,24,28,31,34,39,43,56,69,79,84,118,127,132,171,207],"lowland,":[15],"dispersed":[16],"nucleated":[18],"settlement,":[19],"woodland":[20],"champion,":[22],"weak":[23],"strong":[25,93],"lordship,":[26],"free":[27],"customary":[29],"tenants":[30],"tenures,":[32],"remoteness":[33],"proximity":[35],"to":[36,150,165,176,189],"major":[37],"markets,":[38],"the":[41,44,77,116,119,151,157,167,193,196,203,210],"marches":[42],"metropolitan":[45],"core.":[46],"Some":[47],"these":[49,89,135,160],"contrasts":[50],"inherent":[52],"in":[53,156,209],"England's":[54],"climate":[55],"topography,":[57],"others":[58,74],"sprang":[59],"from":[60,76],"deep-rooted":[61],"human":[62],"institutions":[63],"such":[64,105],"as":[65,108],"field":[66],"systems,":[67],"manors,":[68],"property":[70],"rights,":[71],"while":[72],"yet":[73],"derived":[75],"centralising":[78],"differentiating":[80],"forces":[81],"governments":[83],"commercial":[85],"exchange.":[86],"Many":[87],"dichotomies":[90,136],"had":[91],"north\u2013south":[94],"dimension":[95],"but":[96],"this":[97],"does":[98],"not":[99],"necessarily":[100],"mean":[101],"that":[102,113,202],"there":[103],"thing":[107],"\u2018North\u2013South":[110],"divide\u2019":[111],"or":[112,145],"distinctions":[114],"North":[117,206],"South":[120,208],"should":[121],"be":[122],"privileged":[123],"above":[124],"other":[125],"spatial":[126],"regional":[128],"differences.":[129],"strength":[131],"nature":[133],"also":[137],"varied":[138],"over":[139],"time,":[140],"depending":[141],"upon":[142],"whether":[143],"centripetal":[144],"centrifugal":[146],"tendencies":[147,162],"more":[149],"fore.":[152],"Any":[153],"systems":[154],"shift":[155],"balance":[158],"two":[161],"likely":[164],"heighten":[166],"tensions":[168],"core":[170],"periphery":[172],"thereby":[173],"giving":[174],"rise":[175],"expressions":[177],"northern":[179],"(and":[180],"southern)":[181],"consciousness":[182],"(Jewell":[183],"1994).":[184],"This":[185],"is":[186],"what":[187],"seems":[188],"have":[190],"happened":[191],"at":[192,215],"close":[194],"Middle":[197],"Ages.":[198],"It":[199],"then":[201],"dichotomy":[204],"medieval":[211],"period":[212],"probably":[214],"its":[216],"pronounced.":[218]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2019-03-02T00:00:00"}