{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2914375083","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2070973","title":"Late Response of Antiretroviral Therapy in an HIV-1-Infected Patient due to Hepatitis B and C Coinfections: The First Case Report in Nepal","display_name":"Late Response of Antiretroviral Therapy in an HIV-1-Infected Patient due to Hepatitis B and C Coinfections: The First Case Report in Nepal","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-02-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2914375083","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2070973","mag":"2914375083","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30886633","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6388324"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2019/2070973","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2070973","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2070973","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/crim/2019/2070973.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18728686","display_name":"Case Reports in Medicine","issn_l":"1687-9627","issn":["1687-9627","1687-9635","2090-6927","2090-6935"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869","https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation","Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Case Reports in Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/crim/2019/2070973.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013286996","display_name":"Sundar Khadka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5110-4446","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5110-4446"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122480","display_name":"National Public Health Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/0276bkt19","country_code":"NP","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210095786","https://openalex.org/I4210122480","https://openalex.org/I4210143444"]}],"countries":["NP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sundar Khadka","raw_affiliation_strings":["HIV Reference Unit, National Public Health Laboratory (NPHL), Teku, Kathmandu, Nepal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5110-4446","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HIV Reference Unit, National Public Health Laboratory (NPHL), Teku, Kathmandu, Nepal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122480"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103273611","display_name":"Rupendra Shrestha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6804-6070","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6804-6070"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rupendra Shrestha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dr. Koirala Research Institute for Biotechnology and Biodiversity, Kathmandu, Nepal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6804-6070","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dr. Koirala Research Institute for Biotechnology and Biodiversity, Kathmandu, Nepal","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sanjeet Pandit","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9008-6140","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9008-6140"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122480","display_name":"National Public Health Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/0276bkt19","country_code":"NP","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210095786","https://openalex.org/I4210122480","https://openalex.org/I4210143444"]}],"countries":["NP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sanjeet Pandit","raw_affiliation_strings":["HIV Reference Unit, National Public Health Laboratory (NPHL), Teku, Kathmandu, Nepal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9008-6140","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HIV Reference Unit, National Public Health Laboratory (NPHL), Teku, Kathmandu, Nepal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122480"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062980333","display_name":"Roshan Pandit","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2946-1233","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2946-1233"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122480","display_name":"National Public Health Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/0276bkt19","country_code":"NP","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210095786","https://openalex.org/I4210122480","https://openalex.org/I4210143444"]}],"countries":["NP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roshan Pandit","raw_affiliation_strings":["HIV Reference Unit, National Public Health Laboratory (NPHL), Teku, Kathmandu, Nepal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2946-1233","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HIV Reference Unit, National Public Health Laboratory (NPHL), Teku, Kathmandu, Nepal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122480"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016144181","display_name":"Anup Bastola","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3624-4720","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3624-4720"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130896","display_name":"Sukraraj Tropical & Infectious Disease Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04cv89q08","country_code":"NP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130896"]}],"countries":["NP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anup Bastola","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sukraraj Tropical & Infectious Disease Hospital, Teku, Kathmandu, Nepal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sukraraj Tropical & Infectious Disease Hospital, Teku, Kathmandu, Nepal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130896"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5013286996","https://openalex.org/A5103273611"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122480"],"apc_list":{"value":790,"currency":"USD","value_usd":790},"apc_paid":{"value":790,"currency":"USD","value_usd":790},"fwci":1.1254,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75789635,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2019","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10151","display_name":"Hepatitis C virus research","score":0.7832000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2721","display_name":"Hepatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10151","display_name":"Hepatitis C virus research","score":0.7832000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2721","display_name":"Hepatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10112","display_name":"HIV Research and Treatment","score":0.07360000163316727,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10526","display_name":"HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment","score":0.039900001138448715,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-1","display_name":"HIV-1","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hepatitis-c","display_name":"hepatitis C","score":0.6110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hepatitis-b","display_name":"hepatitis B","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coinfection","display_name":"co-infection","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antiretroviral-therapy","display_name":"antiretroviral therapy","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/injection-drug-use","display_name":"intravenous drug use","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cd4-count","display_name":"CD4 count","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-load","display_name":"viral load","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nepal","display_name":"Nepal","score":0.9729999899864197}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9159497022628784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993143319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583050","display_name":"Antiretroviral therapy","level":4,"score":0.8131697177886963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3013748606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15787","display_name":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","level":2,"score":0.7754151821136475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776455275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154869","display_name":"Hepatitis C","level":2,"score":0.5938887596130371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.5089054107666016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020491458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131742","display_name":"Chronic hepatitis","level":3,"score":0.4934011995792389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777813720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1243018","display_name":"Coinfection","level":3,"score":0.4461565315723419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777382497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6853","display_name":"Hepatitis B","level":2,"score":0.42961958050727844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142462285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2528140","display_name":"Viral load","level":3,"score":0.26311540603637695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.04734545946121216}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2019/2070973","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2070973","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2070973","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/crim/2019/2070973.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18728686","display_name":"Case Reports in Medicine","issn_l":"1687-9627","issn":["1687-9627","1687-9635","2090-6927","2090-6935"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869","https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation","Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Case Reports in Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5404980","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6388324","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:30886633","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30886633","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Case reports in medicine","raw_type":"Case Reports"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6388324","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6388324/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Case Rep Med","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a23432a3352547ed95f1a705203d4613","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a23432a3352547ed95f1a705203d4613","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Case Reports in Medicine, Vol 2019 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2019/2070973","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2070973","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2070973","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/crim/2019/2070973.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18728686","display_name":"Case Reports in Medicine","issn_l":"1687-9627","issn":["1687-9627","1687-9635","2090-6927","2090-6935"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869","https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation","Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Case Reports in Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/case-report","display_name":"Case Report"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2914375083.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2914375083.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W226449772","https://openalex.org/W1799522345","https://openalex.org/W1919110314","https://openalex.org/W1936163591","https://openalex.org/W1973409587","https://openalex.org/W1977300462","https://openalex.org/W1985520044","https://openalex.org/W2027960779","https://openalex.org/W2051023710","https://openalex.org/W2101484852","https://openalex.org/W2130414834","https://openalex.org/W2334065411","https://openalex.org/W2611421277"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1579040782","https://openalex.org/W7143784518","https://openalex.org/W2061932265","https://openalex.org/W2148154755","https://openalex.org/W2568306692","https://openalex.org/W2738205728","https://openalex.org/W3125437610","https://openalex.org/W2005725859","https://openalex.org/W2128214563","https://openalex.org/W2119222528"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"AIM:":[0],"Dual":[1,185],"coinfection":[2,52,140,186,211],"of":[3,14,22,58,141,179,207],"HCV":[4,39,97,142,210],"and":[5,16,40,98,111,118,126,143,198,223],"HBV":[6,144,208],"in":[7,62,145,162,200,212],"HIV-1-infected":[8,202,213],"population":[9,214],"is":[10,132,187,191],"a":[11,171],"leading":[12],"cause":[13],"morbidity":[15],"mortality.":[17],"Also,":[18],"they":[19],"share":[20],"routes":[21],"HIV":[23,109],"transmission;":[24],"however,":[25,189],"it":[26,190],"might":[27,174],"be":[28,175],"associated":[29],"with":[30,96,159,194],"an":[31,89,146,160,201],"independent":[32],"factor":[33],"like":[34],"injecting":[35,91],"drug":[36,92],"use":[37],"for":[38,43,73,124,170,218],"unsafe":[41],"sex":[42],"HBV.":[44,99],"This":[45],"case":[46],"report":[47,135],"suggests":[48],"that":[49,136],"hepatitis":[50],"virus":[51],"may":[53],"lead":[54],"to":[55,157,177],"late":[56,172],"response":[57,156,173],"antiretroviral":[59],"therapy":[60],"(ART)":[61],"HIV-1":[63,147],"patients.":[64],"PATIENTS":[65],"AND":[66],"METHODS:":[67],"A":[68],"49-year-old":[69],"male":[70],"patient":[71,101,148],"visited":[72],"the":[74,79,107,133,138],"routine":[75],"follow-up":[76,152],"investigation":[77,153],"at":[78],"National":[80,108],"Public":[81],"Health":[82],"Laboratory":[83],"(NPHL),":[84],"Teku,":[85],"Nepal.":[86,115,150],"He":[87],"was":[88,102,122],"HIV-1-positive":[90],"user":[93],"(IDU)":[94],"co-infected":[95],"The":[100,151],"under":[103],"ART":[104,158],"as":[105],"per":[106],"Testing":[110],"Treatment":[112],"Guidelines":[113],"2017,":[114],"Further,":[116],"serological":[117],"viral":[119,167,182],"load":[120],"testing":[121],"performed":[123],"confirmation":[125],"monitoring":[127],"therapy,":[128],"respectively.":[129],"RESULTS:":[130],"It":[131],"first":[134],"highlights":[137],"dual":[139],"from":[149],"shows":[154],"improved":[155],"increase":[161],"CD4+":[163],"cells.":[164],"However,":[165],"detectable":[166],"loads":[168],"indicated":[169],"due":[176],"effects":[178],"coinfections":[180],"or":[181],"interactions.":[183],"CONCLUSIONS:":[184],"rare;":[188],"more":[192],"serious":[193],"poorly":[195],"defined":[196],"epidemiology":[197],"evolution":[199],"population.":[203],"Thus,":[204],"universal":[205],"screening":[206],"or/and":[209],"requires":[215],"immediate":[216],"implementation":[217],"true":[219],"prevalence,":[220],"proper":[221],"management,":[222],"early":[224],"intervention.":[225]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2019-02-21T00:00:00"}