{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2913698102","doi":null,"title":"The use of flame-retardant additives in natural and chloroprene rubbers","display_name":"The use of flame-retardant additives in natural and chloroprene rubbers","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2913698102","mag":"2913698102"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/9236336","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/The_use_of_flame-retardant_additives_in_natural_and_chloroprene_rubbers/9236336","pdf_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/The_use_of_flame-retardant_additives_in_natural_and_chloroprene_rubbers/9236336","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402585","display_name":"Loughborough University Research Repository (Loughborough University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I143804889","host_organization_name":"Loughborough University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/The_use_of_flame-retardant_additives_in_natural_and_chloroprene_rubbers/9236336","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012356701","display_name":"Dayang Habibah Abang Ismawi Hassim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6620-7237","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6620-7237"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dayang Habibah Abang Ismawi Hassim","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6620-7237","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012356701"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11360","display_name":"Flame retardant materials and properties","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2507","display_name":"Polymers and Plastics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11360","display_name":"Flame retardant materials and properties","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2507","display_name":"Polymers and Plastics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13171","display_name":"Polymer Science and PVC","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2507","display_name":"Polymers and Plastics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11317","display_name":"Fire dynamics and safety research","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flame-retardants","display_name":"flame retardants","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-rubber","display_name":"natural rubber","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chloroprene-rubber","display_name":"neoprene","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polymer-flammability","display_name":"polymer flammability","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoke-toxicity","display_name":"smoke toxicity","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antimony-oxide","display_name":"antimony oxide","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decabromodiphenyl-oxide","display_name":"decabromodiphenyl oxide","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aluminum-hydroxide","display_name":"aluminum hydroxide","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chlorinated-paraffins","display_name":"chlorinated paraffins","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zinc-hydroxystannate","display_name":"zinc hydroxystannate","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/halogen-free-flame-retardants","display_name":"halogen-free flame retardants","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulcanization","display_name":"vulcanization","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-properties","display_name":"mechanical properties","score":0.6489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combustion-emissions","display_name":"combustion emissions","score":0.5320000052452087}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776264970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410871","display_name":"Chloroprene","level":3,"score":0.9513776302337646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158550234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910035","display_name":"Flammability","level":2,"score":0.842849612236023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779730802","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q409035","display_name":"Antimony trioxide","level":3,"score":0.8239181637763977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205474432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1354051","display_name":"Fire retardant","level":2,"score":0.7898208498954773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166050371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910035","display_name":"Combustibility","level":3,"score":0.694415807723999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51179264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188631","display_name":"Vulcanization","level":3,"score":0.6277375221252441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176933379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131877","display_name":"Natural rubber","level":2,"score":0.6224828362464905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780346059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q578643","display_name":"Antimony oxide","level":3,"score":0.5926002860069275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.576115608215332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778226065","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410882","display_name":"Phthalic anhydride","level":3,"score":0.5526571273803711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780524819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407125","display_name":"Aluminium hydroxide","level":3,"score":0.47334006428718567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779782549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q417632","display_name":"Chlorinated paraffins","level":2,"score":0.4363851249217987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780708275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905868","display_name":"Decabromodiphenyl ether","level":3,"score":0.4246419668197632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535196362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q758","display_name":"Zinc","level":2,"score":0.4120522737503052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.4066258668899536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105923489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133235","display_name":"Combustion","level":2,"score":0.3776867985725403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.3415106534957886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779851234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50690","display_name":"Oxide","level":2,"score":0.3207716643810272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3085101842880249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.27129149436950684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513153333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q663","display_name":"Aluminium","level":2,"score":0.2582240700721741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.14631342887878418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161790260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82264","display_name":"Catalysis","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/9236336","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/The_use_of_flame-retardant_additives_in_natural_and_chloroprene_rubbers/9236336","pdf_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/The_use_of_flame-retardant_additives_in_natural_and_chloroprene_rubbers/9236336","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402585","display_name":"Loughborough University Research Repository (Loughborough University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I143804889","host_organization_name":"Loughborough University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.lboro.ac.uk:2134/34054","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/34054","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401023","display_name":"Loughborough University Institutional Repository (Loughborough University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I143804889","host_organization_name":"Loughborough University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:2913698102","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.lboro.ac.uk/articles/thesis/The_use_of_flame-retardant_additives_in_natural_and_chloroprene_rubbers/9236336","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/9236336","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/The_use_of_flame-retardant_additives_in_natural_and_chloroprene_rubbers/9236336","pdf_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/The_use_of_flame-retardant_additives_in_natural_and_chloroprene_rubbers/9236336","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402585","display_name":"Loughborough University Research Repository (Loughborough University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I143804889","host_organization_name":"Loughborough University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2913698102.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2913698102.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964767041","https://openalex.org/W1990163440","https://openalex.org/W2023199940","https://openalex.org/W2030854974","https://openalex.org/W2032759969","https://openalex.org/W2046653548","https://openalex.org/W2055558507","https://openalex.org/W2080797802","https://openalex.org/W2174585134","https://openalex.org/W2525789490"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3005940475","https://openalex.org/W2055066240","https://openalex.org/W2188677786","https://openalex.org/W6907337575","https://openalex.org/W2160879169","https://openalex.org/W2393011514","https://openalex.org/W2223800542","https://openalex.org/W2316372840","https://openalex.org/W2357124553","https://openalex.org/W4391977139"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,22,48],"flammability":[1,31],"of":[2,14,24,35,52,77],"polymers":[3],"has":[4],"been":[5],"receiving":[6],"much":[7],"attention,":[8],"in":[9,79,90,98],"particular":[10],"the\\ncorrosiveness":[11],"and":[12,16,39,50,71,85,101],"toxicity":[13],"smoke":[15],"other":[17],"emission":[18],"products":[19],"generated":[20],"during\\ncombustion.":[21],"aim":[23],"this":[25],"study":[26],"was":[27,58],"to":[28],"investigate":[29],"the":[30,53],"behaviour":[32],"and\\nmechanical":[33],"properties":[34],"natural":[36],"rubber":[37,41],"(NR)":[38],"chloroprene":[40],"(CR)":[42],"with\\nvarious":[43],"flame":[44],"retardants":[45],"(FR)":[46],"added.":[47],"processing":[49],"vulcanization":[51],"NR":[54,80],"and\\nCR":[55],"gum":[56],"compounds":[57],"studied.":[59],"Initial":[60],"studies":[61],"were":[62,81,104],"carried":[63],"out":[64],"with":[65],"a":[66],"mixture":[67],"of\\nantimony":[68],"oxide":[69,73],"(ATO)":[70],"decabromodiphenyl":[72],"(DBBO).":[74],"Other":[75],"types":[76],"FR\\nused":[78],"aluminium":[82],"hydroxide":[83],"(ATH)":[84],"chlorinated":[86],"paraffin":[87],"(CP).":[88],"Recent\\ndevelopments":[89],"more":[91],"cost-effective":[92],"tin-based":[93],"fire":[94],"retardants,":[95],"zinc":[96],"hydroxystannate\\n(ZHS),":[97],"halogen":[99],"compositions":[100],"halogen-free":[102],"compositions,":[103],"also\\ninvestigated.":[105],"[Continues.]":[106]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2019-02-21T00:00:00"}