{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2913658739","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sby185","title":"Potent Dopamine D2 Antagonists Block the Reward-Enhancing Effects of Nicotine in Smokers With Schizophrenia","display_name":"Potent Dopamine D2 Antagonists Block the Reward-Enhancing Effects of Nicotine in Smokers With Schizophrenia","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-12-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2913658739","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sby185","mag":"2913658739","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30690638","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6811816"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/schbul/sby185","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sby185","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sby185","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117485531","display_name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","issn_l":"0586-7614","issn":["0586-7614","1745-1701","1745-1707"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6811816/","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005329628","display_name":"Alexis Estelle Whitton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7944-2172","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7944-2172"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801148111","display_name":"McLean Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01kta7d96","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801148111"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexis E Whitton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA","Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801148111"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036818948","display_name":"Alan I. Green","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9177-2393","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9177-2393"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107672454","display_name":"Dartmouth College","ror":"https://ror.org/049s0rh22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405281001","display_name":"Dartmouth Clinical and Translational Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03r05fj96","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107672454","https://openalex.org/I4405281001"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alan I Green","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dartmouth Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Hanover, NH","Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dartmouth Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Hanover, NH","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454","https://openalex.org/I4405281001"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075045747","display_name":"Diego A. Pizzagalli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7772-1143","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7772-1143"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801148111","display_name":"McLean Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01kta7d96","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801148111"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diego A Pizzagalli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA","Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801148111"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074834311","display_name":"Robert M. Roth","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4374-6569","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4374-6569"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107672454","display_name":"Dartmouth College","ror":"https://ror.org/049s0rh22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert M Roth","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047384681","display_name":"Jill M. Williams","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8664-4373","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8664-4373"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jill M Williams","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028250017","display_name":"Mary F. Brunette","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0713-8745","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0713-8745"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107672454","display_name":"Dartmouth College","ror":"https://ror.org/049s0rh22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mary F Brunette","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028250017"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"],"apc_list":{"value":4981,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4981},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3997,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80650822,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"45","issue":"6","first_page":"1300","last_page":"1308"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10060","display_name":"Smoking Behavior and Cessation","score":0.6820999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10060","display_name":"Smoking Behavior and Cessation","score":0.6820999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10023","display_name":"Schizophrenia research and treatment","score":0.2409999966621399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10056","display_name":"Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior","score":0.04170000180602074,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schizophrenia","display_name":"schizophrenia","score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nicotine-dependence","display_name":"nicotine dependence","score":0.8889999985694885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779547902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28086552","display_name":"Nicotine","level":2,"score":0.8126683235168457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44208683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15335165","display_name":"Dopamine receptor D2","level":3,"score":0.7225421071052551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776412080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7431605","display_name":"Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming)","level":2,"score":0.6020910739898682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513476851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170304","display_name":"Dopamine","level":2,"score":0.5950881838798523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5226523876190186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.4870508015155792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4716944992542267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57992300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2066956","display_name":"Potency","level":3,"score":0.4201822578907013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48856860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12029","display_name":"Addiction","level":2,"score":0.41949886083602905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.34220200777053833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.28685900568962097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0958680510520935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202751555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681","display_name":"In vitro","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000073865","descriptor_name":"Cigarette Smoking","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009538","descriptor_name":"Nicotine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012055","descriptor_name":"Reinforcement Schedule","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012201","descriptor_name":"Reward","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012559","descriptor_name":"Schizophrenia","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012565","descriptor_name":"Schizophrenic Psychology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014029","descriptor_name":"Tobacco Use Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014150","descriptor_name":"Antipsychotic Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017603","descriptor_name":"Signal Detection, Psychological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D065127","descriptor_name":"Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/schbul/sby185","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sby185","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sby185","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117485531","display_name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","issn_l":"0586-7614","issn":["0586-7614","1745-1701","1745-1707"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:30690638","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30690638","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Schizophrenia bulletin","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6811816","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6811816/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Schizophr Bull","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6811816","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6811816/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Schizophr Bull","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9476000070571899,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2469337625","display_name":"RCT of a Motivational Decision Support System for Smokers with SMI","funder_award_id":"R01CA168778","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W162223338","https://openalex.org/W1516172865","https://openalex.org/W1552697804","https://openalex.org/W1554472652","https://openalex.org/W1670748585","https://openalex.org/W1875611908","https://openalex.org/W1968348213","https://openalex.org/W1975398216","https://openalex.org/W1977576437","https://openalex.org/W1979237103","https://openalex.org/W1980980884","https://openalex.org/W1991418430","https://openalex.org/W1993729509","https://openalex.org/W2011451766","https://openalex.org/W2013333057","https://openalex.org/W2022812372","https://openalex.org/W2030465413","https://openalex.org/W2039460330","https://openalex.org/W2043280480","https://openalex.org/W2046087798","https://openalex.org/W2046545299","https://openalex.org/W2050493602","https://openalex.org/W2058137592","https://openalex.org/W2062576181","https://openalex.org/W2065871313","https://openalex.org/W2066640528","https://openalex.org/W2070357412","https://openalex.org/W2075045066","https://openalex.org/W2091920785","https://openalex.org/W2097212739","https://openalex.org/W2099576957","https://openalex.org/W2101434331","https://openalex.org/W2114791386","https://openalex.org/W2115487888","https://openalex.org/W2118061336","https://openalex.org/W2120442390","https://openalex.org/W2121361221","https://openalex.org/W2123802262","https://openalex.org/W2151774618","https://openalex.org/W2153437292","https://openalex.org/W2153579501","https://openalex.org/W2159537672","https://openalex.org/W2160719354","https://openalex.org/W2165392390","https://openalex.org/W2230096011","https://openalex.org/W2322700613","https://openalex.org/W2325014163","https://openalex.org/W2489789481","https://openalex.org/W2605688616","https://openalex.org/W2726943943","https://openalex.org/W2755084841","https://openalex.org/W2756394161","https://openalex.org/W2758389577","https://openalex.org/W2767933724","https://openalex.org/W2794385196","https://openalex.org/W2885376920"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2798042789","https://openalex.org/W2409762831","https://openalex.org/W2165392390","https://openalex.org/W4255698702","https://openalex.org/W2072404847","https://openalex.org/W2062576181","https://openalex.org/W2009225515","https://openalex.org/W46544585","https://openalex.org/W2101434331","https://openalex.org/W7056193907"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Antipsychotics":[0],"that":[1,46,112,127,177,192],"are":[2],"potent":[3,34,160,183,193],"dopamine":[4],"(DA)":[5],"D2":[6,25,35,68,132,161,184,194],"receptor":[7,69,133],"antagonists":[8,36,162,185,195],"have":[9,227],"been":[10],"linked":[11],"to":[12,41,98,106],"elevated":[13],"levels":[14],"of":[15,24,74,200,216,234],"nicotine":[16,201,235],"dependence":[17,236],"in":[18,51,171,180,202,212,220,237],"smokers":[19,203],"with":[20,54,121,204],"schizophrenia.":[21,205,238],"Because":[22],"activation":[23],"receptors":[26],"mediates":[27],"motivation":[28],"for":[29,156,231],"nicotine,":[30],"we":[31],"examined":[32],"whether":[33],"would":[37],"diminish":[38,196],"nicotine's":[39],"ability":[40],"stimulate":[42],"reward":[43,77,84],"processing-a":[44],"mechanism":[45,210],"may":[47,207],"drive":[48],"compensatory":[49],"increases":[50,170],"smoking.":[52],"Smokers":[53],"schizophrenia":[55],"(n":[56],"=":[57,145,164],"184)":[58],"were":[59,79,178],"recruited":[60],"and":[61,89,125],"stratified":[62,130],"into":[63,131],"medication":[64,137],"groups":[65],"based":[66],"on":[67,76],"antagonist":[70],"potency.":[71],"The":[72,91],"effects":[73,199],"smoking":[75,139,151,217],"function":[78],"assessed":[80],"using":[81],"a":[82,100,136,150,209],"probabilistic":[83],"task":[85],"(PRT),":[86],"administered":[87],"pre-":[88],"post-smoking.":[90],"PRT":[92,123],"used":[93],"an":[94],"asymmetrical":[95],"reinforcement":[96],"schedule":[97],"produce":[99],"behavioral":[101],"response":[102,172],"bias,":[103],"previously":[104],"found":[105],"increase":[107],"under":[108],"conditions":[109],"(including":[110],"smoking)":[111],"enhance":[113],"mesolimbic":[114],"DA":[115],"signaling.":[116],"Among":[117],"the":[118,197,213,232],"98":[119],"participants":[120],"valid":[122],"data":[124],"pharmacotherapy":[126],"could":[128],"be":[129,208],"antagonism":[134],"potency,":[135],"\u00d7":[138,140,152],"block":[141,153],"interaction":[142,154],"emerged":[143],"(P":[144,163,174,186],".005).":[146],"Post-hoc":[147],"tests":[148],"revealed":[149],"only":[155],"those":[157,181],"not":[158],"taking":[159,182],".007).":[165],"This":[166,206],"group":[167],"exhibited":[168],"smoking-related":[169],"bias":[173],"<":[175],".001)":[176],"absent":[179],">":[187],".05).":[188],"Our":[189],"findings":[190,226],"suggest":[191],"reward-enhancing":[198],"implicated":[211],"increased":[214],"rate":[215],"often":[218],"observed":[219],"patients":[221],"prescribed":[222],"these":[223],"medications.":[224],"These":[225],"important":[228],"clinical":[229],"implications":[230],"treatment":[233]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2019-02-21T00:00:00"}