{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2913386154","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2018.11.210","title":"Study the Structural and Optical Properties of Cr doped SnO2 Nanoparticles Synthesized by Sol-Gel Method","display_name":"Study the Structural and Optical Properties of Cr doped SnO2 Nanoparticles Synthesized by Sol-Gel Method","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2913386154","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2018.11.210","mag":"2913386154"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2018.11.210","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2018.11.210","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2018.11.210","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876610218311792/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S75069817","display_name":"Energy Procedia","issn_l":"1876-6102","issn":["1876-6102"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energy Procedia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876610218311792/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087607702","display_name":"Tagreed M. Al\u2010Saadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8275-3748","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8275-3748"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135120706","display_name":"University of Baghdad","ror":"https://ror.org/007f1da21","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135120706"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tagreed M. Al-Saadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Science (Ibn Al-Haitham), University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Science (Ibn Al-Haitham), University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135120706"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090382455","display_name":"Bushra H. Hussein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5400-4010","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5400-4010"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135120706","display_name":"University of Baghdad","ror":"https://ror.org/007f1da21","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135120706"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bushra H. Hussein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Science (Ibn Al-Haitham), University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Science (Ibn Al-Haitham), University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135120706"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086844830","display_name":"Alaa Badr Hasan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8266-5430","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8266-5430"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135120706","display_name":"University of Baghdad","ror":"https://ror.org/007f1da21","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135120706"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alaa B. Hasan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Science (Ibn Al-Haitham), University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Science (Ibn Al-Haitham), University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135120706"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075380745","display_name":"Abeer A. Shehab","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8180-7030","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8180-7030"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135120706","display_name":"University of Baghdad","ror":"https://ror.org/007f1da21","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135120706"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A.A. Shehab","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Science (Ibn Al-Haitham), University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Science (Ibn Al-Haitham), University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135120706"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5087607702"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135120706"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":29.3093,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":69,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99896793,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"157","issue":null,"first_page":"457","last_page":"465"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10090","display_name":"ZnO doping and properties","score":0.888700008392334,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10090","display_name":"ZnO doping and properties","score":0.888700008392334,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13104","display_name":"Chemical and Physical Properties of Materials","score":0.10329999774694443,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11128","display_name":"Transition Metal Oxide Nanomaterials","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2507","display_name":"Polymers and Plastics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sno2-nanoparticles","display_name":"SnO2 nanoparticles","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sol-gel-synthesis","display_name":"sol-gel synthesis","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-properties","display_name":"optical properties","score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-properties","display_name":"structural properties","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crystallite-size","display_name":"crystallite size","score":0.7910000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/band-gap","display_name":"band gap","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-constants","display_name":"optical constants","score":0.6340000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uv-absorption","display_name":"UV absorption","score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-transmittance","display_name":"optical transmittance","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-reflectance","display_name":"spectral reflectance","score":0.5979999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tetragonal-phase","display_name":"tetragonal phase","score":0.6940000057220459}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.773544430732727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137637335","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899604","display_name":"Crystallite","level":2,"score":0.7673236131668091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155672457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61231","display_name":"Nanoparticle","level":2,"score":0.6609934568405151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57863236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130571","display_name":"Doping","level":2,"score":0.6597201228141785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170751736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q503601","display_name":"Tetragonal crystal system","level":3,"score":0.6275710463523865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113196181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485223","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","level":2,"score":0.6198762655258179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779667129","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q129163","display_name":"Tin dioxide","level":2,"score":0.5681769251823425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780924660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205123","display_name":"Tin oxide","level":3,"score":0.5382189154624939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38398224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48350","display_name":"Sol-gel","level":2,"score":0.535366952419281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181966813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q806352","display_name":"Band gap","level":2,"score":0.4999654293060303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125287762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758948","display_name":"Absorption (acoustics)","level":2,"score":0.4915860593318939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C525849907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096","display_name":"Tin","level":2,"score":0.47606390714645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160892712","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901559","display_name":"Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.46459031105041504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119824511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13553575","display_name":"Absorption spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.4240197241306305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.40870583057403564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.2526547908782959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2458818256855011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.23462152481079102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.1199130117893219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.10493701696395874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.10486483573913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.08583614230155945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.05833396315574646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.056968897581100464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2018.11.210","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2018.11.210","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2018.11.210","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876610218311792/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S75069817","display_name":"Energy Procedia","issn_l":"1876-6102","issn":["1876-6102"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energy Procedia","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2018.11.210","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2018.11.210","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2018.11.210","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876610218311792/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S75069817","display_name":"Energy Procedia","issn_l":"1876-6102","issn":["1876-6102"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energy Procedia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2913386154.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2913386154.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1491604830","https://openalex.org/W1536103754","https://openalex.org/W1969200114","https://openalex.org/W1971462174","https://openalex.org/W1977854623","https://openalex.org/W1979690370","https://openalex.org/W2001262806","https://openalex.org/W2005781831","https://openalex.org/W2011429337","https://openalex.org/W2014808782","https://openalex.org/W2024142837","https://openalex.org/W2028538584","https://openalex.org/W2033787520","https://openalex.org/W2036791313","https://openalex.org/W2048199828","https://openalex.org/W2070618999","https://openalex.org/W2076705057","https://openalex.org/W2113084589","https://openalex.org/W2148560203","https://openalex.org/W2149634213","https://openalex.org/W2161789775","https://openalex.org/W2183317638","https://openalex.org/W2327068416","https://openalex.org/W2473850022","https://openalex.org/W2509923733","https://openalex.org/W2539566987","https://openalex.org/W4382134605","https://openalex.org/W4385524768","https://openalex.org/W4394157358","https://openalex.org/W6629545523"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2028538584","https://openalex.org/W2015569697","https://openalex.org/W3043656126","https://openalex.org/W3171603011","https://openalex.org/W1976296434","https://openalex.org/W2183317638","https://openalex.org/W4379793627","https://openalex.org/W4389053903","https://openalex.org/W4391746613","https://openalex.org/W4256410752"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Chromium":[0],"doped":[1],"tin":[2,156],"oxide":[3],"Sn":[4],"1-x":[5],"Cr":[6,46,121,154,197],"x":[7],"O":[8,41,53,123],"2":[9,40,52,65,124],"(where":[10],"x=0,":[11],"0.05,":[12],"0.10":[13],"and":[14,45,82,85,91,115,122,135,206],"0.15)":[15],"nanoparticles":[16,23],"were":[17,24,98],"prepared":[18,25,96,212],"by":[19,26,80,100],"sol-gel":[20],"technique.":[21],"The":[22,95,159,171,200],"adding":[27],"only":[28],"distilled":[29],"water":[30],"to":[31,88,141,155,166],"the":[32,60,130,133,168,175,178,189,211],"raw":[33],"materials":[34],"which":[35,102,146],"was":[36,78,86,164],"SnCl":[37],"4":[38],".5H":[39],"as":[42],"a":[43,107],"precursor":[44],"(NO":[47],"3":[48,50],")":[49],".9H":[51],"for":[54],"doping.":[55],"XRD":[56],"patterns":[57],"show":[58],"that":[59,104,129,174],"obtained":[61],"nanopowders":[62,97],"is":[63],"SnO":[64],"with":[66,71,112,184,194],"tetragonal":[67],"phase":[68],"fully":[69],"compatible":[70],"(JCPDS)":[72],"card":[73],"no.":[74],"41-1445.The":[75],"crystallite":[76],"size":[77],"calculated":[79],"Scherrer":[81],"Williamson-Hall":[83],"formula":[84],"found":[87],"be":[89],"14.8-19.6nm":[90],"13-18.4":[92],"nm":[93,163],"respectively.":[94],"examined":[99],"SEM,":[101],"revealed":[103,128],"they":[105],"have":[106],"spherical":[108],"or":[109],"semi-spherical":[110],"shape":[111],"some":[113],"agglomeration":[114],"EDX":[116],"confirm":[117],"presence":[118,142],"of":[119,137,143,151,177,191,196,210],"Sn,":[120],"elements.":[125],"FTIR":[126],"examination":[127],"changing":[131],"in":[132,188],"shapes":[134],"positions":[136],"absorption":[138],"peaks":[139],"indicates":[140],"stretching":[144],"modes,":[145],"are":[147],"give":[148],"an":[149],"indication":[150],"successful":[152],"doping":[153],"dioxide":[157],"nanoparticles.":[158],"wavelength":[160],"range":[161,190],"(350-1100)":[162],"used":[165],"study":[167],"optical":[169,179,207],"properties.":[170],"measurement":[172],"showed":[173],"nature":[176],"transitions":[180],"represented":[181],"direct":[182],"allowed":[183],"energy":[185],"gap":[186],"varies":[187],"(3.6-2.3)":[192],"eV":[193],"change":[195],"ratios":[198],"parameter.":[199],"UV":[201],"absorption,":[202],"transmittance,":[203],"reflection":[204],"spectrum":[205],"constant":[208],"computed":[209],"samples.":[213]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-10-20T09:52:01.089006","created_date":"2019-02-21T00:00:00"}
