{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2913277358","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1901.07821","title":"Rethinking Lossy Compression: The Rate-Distortion-Perception Tradeoff","display_name":"Rethinking Lossy Compression: The Rate-Distortion-Perception Tradeoff","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2913277358","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1901.07821","mag":"2913277358"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1901.07821","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1901.07821","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1901.07821","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1901.07821","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018554840","display_name":"Yochai Blau","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174306211","display_name":"Technion \u2013 Israel Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03qryx823","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Blau, Yochai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technion-Israel Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technion-Israel Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058178036","display_name":"Tomer Michaeli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0525-8054","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0525-8054"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174306211","display_name":"Technion \u2013 Israel Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03qryx823","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michaeli, Tomer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technion-Israel Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technion-Israel Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":207,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"675","last_page":"685"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10901","display_name":"Advanced Data Compression Techniques","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10901","display_name":"Advanced Data Compression Techniques","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11165","display_name":"Image and Video Quality Assessment","score":0.00570000009611249,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10741","display_name":"Video Coding and Compression Technologies","score":0.00430000014603138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lossy-compression","display_name":"lossy compression","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rate-distortion-theory","display_name":"rate-distortion theory","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perceptual-quality","display_name":"perceptual quality","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rate-distortion-curve","display_name":"rate-distortion curve","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bernoulli-sources","display_name":"Bernoulli sources","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-compression","display_name":"image compression","score":0.6370000243186951}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165021410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55564","display_name":"Lossy compression","level":2,"score":0.7741186618804932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126780896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899871","display_name":"Distortion (music)","level":4,"score":0.7497208714485168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190502265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17069496","display_name":"MNIST database","level":3,"score":0.6141935586929321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.5135110020637512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64185310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q843483","display_name":"Rate\u2013distortion theory","level":3,"score":0.5070695877075195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.5063618421554565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4997823238372803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.48121240735054016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.39706867933273315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3934842646121979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3682361841201782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.363984614610672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78548338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2493","display_name":"Data compression","level":2,"score":0.32744818925857544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.09454688429832458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.09389844536781311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.07609423995018005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1901.07821","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1901.07821","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1901.07821","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2913277358","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://export.arxiv.org/pdf/1901.07821","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1901.07821","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1901.07821","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1901.07821","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},{"id":"mag:2963858191","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://proceedings.mlr.press/v97/blau19a/blau19a.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306419644","display_name":"International Conference on Machine Learning","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Conference on Machine Learning","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1901.07821","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1901.07821","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1901.07821","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2913277358.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2913277358.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W648143168","https://openalex.org/W1552314771","https://openalex.org/W1580389772","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1973207880","https://openalex.org/W1982471090","https://openalex.org/W2026653933","https://openalex.org/W2099111195","https://openalex.org/W2099471712","https://openalex.org/W2102166818","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2133665775","https://openalex.org/W2153582625","https://openalex.org/W2199199062","https://openalex.org/W2326925005","https://openalex.org/W2331128040","https://openalex.org/W2342877626","https://openalex.org/W2432004435","https://openalex.org/W2490784316","https://openalex.org/W2516038988","https://openalex.org/W2552465432","https://openalex.org/W2597747080","https://openalex.org/W2604392022","https://openalex.org/W2607903451","https://openalex.org/W2616159609","https://openalex.org/W2732044853","https://openalex.org/W2739748921","https://openalex.org/W2768814045","https://openalex.org/W2782637256","https://openalex.org/W2785562966","https://openalex.org/W2792410992","https://openalex.org/W2795709826","https://openalex.org/W2796794751","https://openalex.org/W2798365772","https://openalex.org/W2885859195","https://openalex.org/W2888608171","https://openalex.org/W2891158090","https://openalex.org/W2891165135","https://openalex.org/W2891810238","https://openalex.org/W2892278106","https://openalex.org/W2901689058","https://openalex.org/W2903787929","https://openalex.org/W2962785568","https://openalex.org/W2962790638","https://openalex.org/W2962793481","https://openalex.org/W2962879692","https://openalex.org/W2963066125","https://openalex.org/W2963125871","https://openalex.org/W2963145887","https://openalex.org/W2963470893","https://openalex.org/W2969510321"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7171557841","https://openalex.org/W3167128535","https://openalex.org/W7052503536","https://openalex.org/W4386075103","https://openalex.org/W4283331687","https://openalex.org/W7095739896","https://openalex.org/W2963622735","https://openalex.org/W3168982742","https://openalex.org/W4385691485","https://openalex.org/W7155203409"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Lossy":[0],"compression":[1],"algorithms":[2],"are":[3],"typically":[4],"designed":[5],"and":[6,56,110,121,168],"analyzed":[7],"through":[8],"the":[9,16,21,65,68,97,115,127,139],"lens":[10],"of":[11,60,67,72,83,100,138,156],"Shannon's":[12],"rate-distortion":[13,84,140],"theory,":[14],"where":[15],"goal":[17],"is":[18,48,76],"to":[19,78,113,130,135],"achieve":[20],"lowest":[22],"possible":[23],"distortion":[24],"(e.g.,":[25],"low":[26],"MSE":[27],"or":[28,149],"high":[29],"SSIM)":[30],"at":[31,64],"any":[32],"given":[33],"bit":[34],"rate.":[35],"However,":[36],"in":[37,57,146,161],"recent":[38],"years,":[39],"it":[40,75,112,160,170],"has":[41],"become":[42],"increasingly":[43],"accepted":[44],"that":[45,125],"\"low":[46],"distortion\"":[47],"not":[49],"a":[50,81,144,165,173],"synonym":[51],"for":[52,80,164],"\"high":[53],"perceptual":[54,88,101,128],"quality\",":[55],"fact":[58],"optimization":[59],"one":[61],"often":[62],"comes":[63],"expense":[66],"other.":[69],"In":[70,92],"light":[71],"this":[73,93,157],"understanding,":[74],"natural":[77],"seek":[79],"generalization":[82],"theory":[85],"which":[86],"takes":[87],"quality":[89,102,129],"into":[90],"account.":[91],"paper,":[94],"we":[95],"adopt":[96],"mathematical":[98],"definition":[99],"recently":[103],"proposed":[104],"by":[105],"Blau":[106],"&":[107],"Michaeli":[108],"(2018),":[109],"use":[111],"study":[114],"three-way":[116],"tradeoff":[117],"between":[118],"rate,":[119],"distortion,":[120],"perception.":[122],"We":[123,151],"show":[124],"restricting":[126],"be":[131],"high,":[132],"generally":[133],"leads":[134],"an":[136],"elevation":[137],"curve,":[141],"thus":[142],"necessitating":[143],"sacrifice":[145],"either":[147],"rate":[148],"distortion.":[150],"prove":[152],"several":[153],"fundamental":[154],"properties":[155],"triple-tradeoff,":[158],"calculate":[159],"closed":[162],"form":[163],"Bernoulli":[166],"source,":[167],"illustrate":[169],"visually":[171],"on":[172],"toy":[174],"MNIST":[175],"example.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":53},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":48},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2019-02-21T00:00:00"}