{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2911554151","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315794570-6","title":"Female academic entrepreneurship and commercialisation","display_name":"Female academic entrepreneurship and commercialisation","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-09-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2911554151","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315794570-6","mag":"2911554151"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4324/9781315794570-6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315794570-6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315794570-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463855","display_name":"Routledge eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319847","host_organization_name":"Routledge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319847","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Routledge","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Routledge Companion to Global Female Entrepreneurship","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3003335061","display_name":"The Routledge Companion to Global Female Entrepreneurship"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079136415","display_name":"Helen Lawton Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5950-9931","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5950-9931"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98259816","display_name":"Birkbeck, University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/02mb95055","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I98259816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Helen Lawton Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Birkbeck, University of London;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Birkbeck, University of London;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98259816"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049472298","display_name":"Henry Etzkowitz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8185-8153","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8185-8153"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98259816","display_name":"Birkbeck, University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/02mb95055","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I98259816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Henry Etzkowitz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Birkbeck, University of London;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Birkbeck, University of London;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98259816"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034598254","display_name":"Viviana Meschitti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2147-5289","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2147-5289"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98259816","display_name":"Birkbeck, University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/02mb95055","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I98259816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Viviana Meschitti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Birkbeck, University of London;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Birkbeck, University of London;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98259816"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035190156","display_name":"Alex Poulovassilis","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98259816","display_name":"Birkbeck, University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/02mb95055","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I98259816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alex Poulovassilis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Birkbeck, University of London;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Birkbeck, University of London;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98259816"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98259816"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1377,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83140244,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"78","last_page":"91"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10058","display_name":"Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10058","display_name":"Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10856","display_name":"Intellectual Property and Patents","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14185","display_name":"Research, Science, and Academia","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-entrepreneurs","display_name":"women entrepreneurs","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-academics","display_name":"women academics","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/academic-entrepreneurship","display_name":"university entrepreneurship","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/research-commercialization","display_name":"commercialization of research","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patents","display_name":"patents","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technology-licensing","display_name":"technology licensing","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/academic-spin-offs","display_name":"university spin-offs","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stem","display_name":"stem","score":0.4620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-capital","display_name":"human capital","score":0.6660000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/institutional-analysis","display_name":"institutional analysis","score":0.4399999976158142}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84309077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3908516","display_name":"Entrepreneurship","level":2,"score":0.6994481086730957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.41914102435112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.046933531761169434}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4324/9781315794570-6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315794570-6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315794570-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463855","display_name":"Routledge eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319847","host_organization_name":"Routledge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319847","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Routledge","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Routledge Companion to Global Female Entrepreneurship","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:aisberg.unibg.it:10446/205656","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10446/205656","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196347","display_name":"Aisberg (University of Bergamo)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I11039511","host_organization_name":"University of Bergamo","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11039511"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Gender equality","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","score":0.7307999730110168},{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.4000000059604645}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1503742580","https://openalex.org/W1530377467","https://openalex.org/W1901105554","https://openalex.org/W1971793465","https://openalex.org/W1985462471","https://openalex.org/W1990701710","https://openalex.org/W2014966579","https://openalex.org/W2015792473","https://openalex.org/W2023004007","https://openalex.org/W2023286583","https://openalex.org/W2026797770","https://openalex.org/W2036636889","https://openalex.org/W2050818813","https://openalex.org/W2057855109","https://openalex.org/W2072233627","https://openalex.org/W2074138874","https://openalex.org/W2099697766","https://openalex.org/W2103517926","https://openalex.org/W2109469951","https://openalex.org/W2109562684","https://openalex.org/W2110540233","https://openalex.org/W2136650761","https://openalex.org/W2140905468","https://openalex.org/W2153174915","https://openalex.org/W2154877027","https://openalex.org/W2160624063","https://openalex.org/W2171177866","https://openalex.org/W3122807145","https://openalex.org/W6768592076"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3005016302","https://openalex.org/W3083441915","https://openalex.org/W2089139065","https://openalex.org/W2805265234","https://openalex.org/W2015792473","https://openalex.org/W2516532473","https://openalex.org/W2884101988","https://openalex.org/W2065695900","https://openalex.org/W4205533058","https://openalex.org/W2987326038"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"chapter":[1],"considers":[2],"the":[3,41,68,94],"propensity":[4],"for":[5,122],"women":[6,78],"academics":[7,79],"in":[8,74,80,124],"science,":[9],"technology,":[10],"engineering":[11],"and":[12,27,53,55,96,126],"mathematics":[13],"(STEM)":[14],"subjects":[15,82],"to":[16,21,106],"be":[17],"academic":[18,44,51,72],"entrepreneurs":[19],"or":[20,104],"commercialise":[22],"their":[23,87],"research":[24,62],"through":[25],"patents":[26,54,85,100],"licenses.":[28],"Commercialisation":[29],"covers":[30],"a":[31,60,119],"variety":[32],"of":[33,43,98,108,113],"activities.":[34],"Extant":[35],"literature":[36],"has":[37,64,115],"mainly":[38],"focused":[39],"on":[40],"formation":[42],"spin-off":[45],"companies,":[46],"pre-commercialisation":[47],"activity":[48],"such":[49],"as":[50,59,118],"publishing":[52],"licensing.":[56],"Female":[57],"entrepreneurship":[58],"discrete":[61],"area":[63],"expanded":[65],"significantly":[66],"since":[67],"1980s,":[69],"attracting":[70],"concerted":[71],"attention":[73],"recent":[75],"years.":[76],"While":[77],"STEM":[81],"yield":[83],"fewer":[84],"than":[86],"male":[88,109],"counterparts,":[89],"there":[90],"is":[91,101],"evidence":[92],"that":[93,137],"quality":[95],"impact":[97],"women's":[99],"either":[102],"equal":[103],"superior":[105],"those":[107],"scientists.":[110],"The":[111],"process":[112],"commercialisation":[114],"been":[116],"explained":[117],"social":[120],"process,":[121],"example":[123],"networking":[125],"human":[127],"capital.":[128],"Institutional":[129],"analysis":[130],"helps":[131],"identify":[132],"constraints":[133],"within":[134],"an":[135],"organisation":[136],"might":[138],"undermine":[139],"policy":[140],"implementation.":[141]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-27T15:51:10.671819","created_date":"2019-02-21T00:00:00"}
