{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2911029965","doi":"https://doi.org/10.29173/alr1566","title":"Who Are the Metis People in Section 35(2)","display_name":"Who Are the Metis People in Section 35(2)","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2911029965","doi":"https://doi.org/10.29173/alr1566","mag":"2911029965"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.29173/alr1566","doi":"https://doi.org/10.29173/alr1566","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.29173/alr1566","pdf_url":"https://www.albertalawreview.com/index.php/ALR/article/download/1566/1555","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764575705","display_name":"Alberta Law Review","issn_l":"0002-4821","issn":["0002-4821","1925-8356"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["abdc-b","poland-70","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320379","host_organization_name":"University of Alberta Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320379","https://openalex.org/P4310313082"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Alberta Library","University of Alberta"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Alberta Law Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.albertalawreview.com/index.php/ALR/article/download/1566/1555","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000183458","display_name":"Catherine Bell","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Catherine Bell","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000183458"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.50365128,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"351","last_page":"351"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13879","display_name":"Indigenous Peoples' Rights and Law","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13879","display_name":"Indigenous Peoples' Rights and Law","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13864","display_name":"Indigenous Cultures and History","score":0.0017000000225380063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14142","display_name":"Multicultural Socio-Legal Studies","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metis","display_name":"M\u00e9tis","score":0.6340000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indigenous-peoples-of-canada","display_name":"Indigenous peoples of Canada","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-identification","display_name":"self-identification","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aboriginal-rights","display_name":"Aboriginal rights","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indian-peoples","display_name":"Indian peoples","score":0.6069999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inuit","display_name":"Inuit","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constitutional-ambiguity","display_name":"constitutional ambiguity","score":0.4740000069141388}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780705272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19903554","display_name":"Metis","level":2,"score":0.9983770251274109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780522230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140419","display_name":"Ambiguity","level":2,"score":0.6890479922294617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780129039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931107","display_name":"Section (typography)","level":2,"score":0.6551793813705444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.46800723671913147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776154427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7755","display_name":"Constitution","level":2,"score":0.4636325538158417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53553401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47307","display_name":"Genealogy","level":1,"score":0.43631428480148315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779010840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131569","display_name":"Treaty","level":2,"score":0.41535085439682007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.4023384749889374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.39683422446250916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3079662322998047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.2757319211959839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.1199442446231842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.08481574058532715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.07287397980690002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.29173/alr1566","doi":"https://doi.org/10.29173/alr1566","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.29173/alr1566","pdf_url":"https://www.albertalawreview.com/index.php/ALR/article/download/1566/1555","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764575705","display_name":"Alberta Law Review","issn_l":"0002-4821","issn":["0002-4821","1925-8356"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["abdc-b","poland-70","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320379","host_organization_name":"University of Alberta Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320379","https://openalex.org/P4310313082"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Alberta Library","University of Alberta"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Alberta Law Review","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.29173/alr1566","doi":"https://doi.org/10.29173/alr1566","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.29173/alr1566","pdf_url":"https://www.albertalawreview.com/index.php/ALR/article/download/1566/1555","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764575705","display_name":"Alberta Law Review","issn_l":"0002-4821","issn":["0002-4821","1925-8356"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["abdc-b","poland-70","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320379","host_organization_name":"University of Alberta Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320379","https://openalex.org/P4310313082"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Alberta Library","University of Alberta"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Alberta Law Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.47620001435279846,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2911029965.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2911029965.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W148650106","https://openalex.org/W2310022625","https://openalex.org/W2787149320","https://openalex.org/W4386514304","https://openalex.org/W2054445942","https://openalex.org/W2254730229","https://openalex.org/W315965646","https://openalex.org/W2247417998","https://openalex.org/W2936389928","https://openalex.org/W2594262245"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Section":[0,17],"35":[1,33],"of":[2,13,23,123],"the":[3,8,14,37,53,56,61,69,111,116,124,139],"Constitution":[4],"Act,":[5],"1982":[6],"recognizes":[7],"aboriginal":[9,15,73],"and":[10,28,120,147,158],"treaty":[11],"rights":[12,74],"peoples.":[16,30,107],"35(2)":[18],"defines":[19],"\"the":[20],"Aboriginal":[21],"peoples":[22],"Canada\"":[24],"as":[25],"Indian,":[26],"Inuit":[27],"Metis":[29,84,134],"Although":[31],"s.":[32,77],"may":[34],"appear":[35],"straightforward,":[36],"author":[38,109],"points":[39],"out":[40],"its":[41],"ambiguity.":[42],"This":[43],"article":[44],"attempts":[45],"to":[46,93,145,152],"clarify":[47],"it.":[48],"The":[49,108],"ambiguity":[50],"stems":[51],"from":[52,102],"fact":[54],"that":[55,90,126,138],"section":[57],"does":[58,65],"not":[59,86],"define":[60],"term":[62,117,140],"\"Metis\"":[63,70],"nor":[64],"it":[66],"say":[67],"whether":[68],"have":[71,98,127],"existing":[72],"recognized":[75],"in":[76,114,150],"35(1).":[78],"These":[79],"questions":[80],"arise":[81],"because":[82],"self-identifying":[83],"are":[85],"a":[87],"homogeneous":[88],"group":[89],"lend":[91],"themselves":[92],"easy":[94],"definition.":[95],"Moreover":[96],"they":[97],"traditionally":[99],"been":[100,128],"excluded":[101],"federal":[103],"programs":[104],"benefiting":[105],"Indian":[106],"examines":[110],"difficulties":[112],"involved":[113],"defining":[115],"'Metis":[118],"'":[119],"analyzes":[121],"some":[122],"frameworks":[125],"suggested":[129],"by":[130],"various":[131],"groups,":[132],"including":[133],"organizations.":[135],"She":[136],"concludes":[137],"must":[141],"be":[142],"defined":[143],"according":[144],"logical":[146],"political":[148],"considerations":[149],"addition":[151],"self-identification":[153],"based":[154],"on":[155],"racial,":[156],"cultural":[157],"historical":[159],"criteria.":[160]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-05T08:02:43.246662","created_date":"2019-01-25T00:00:00"}