{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2909288872","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdad037","title":"Price Discrimination in International Airline Markets","display_name":"Price Discrimination in International Airline Markets","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-03-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2909288872","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdad037","mag":"2909288872"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/restud/rdad037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdad037","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdad037","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S88935262","display_name":"The Review of Economic Studies","issn_l":"0034-6527","issn":["0034-6527","1467-937X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","ft50","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Review of Economic Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3288276","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073297625","display_name":"Gaurab Aryal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1134-5827","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1134-5827"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gaurab Aryal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Washington University in St. Louis"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Washington University in St. Louis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030476725","display_name":"Charles Murry","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8405-2868","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8405-2868"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103531236","display_name":"Boston College","ror":"https://ror.org/02n2fzt79","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103531236"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Charles Murry","raw_affiliation_strings":["Boston College"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boston College","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103531236"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104091175","display_name":"Jonathan W. Williams","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1541-0436","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1541-0436"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan W Williams","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5030476725"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103531236"],"apc_list":{"value":4716,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":5866},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.733,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":38,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98282651,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"91","issue":"2","first_page":"641","last_page":"689"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11599","display_name":"Aviation Industry Analysis and Trends","score":0.9580000042915344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11599","display_name":"Aviation Industry Analysis and Trends","score":0.9580000042915344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11043","display_name":"Merger and Competition Analysis","score":0.021299999207258224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11161","display_name":"Consumer Market Behavior and Pricing","score":0.008299999870359898,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/price-discrimination","display_name":"price discrimination","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/airline-pricing","display_name":"airline pricing","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/welfare-efficiency","display_name":"welfare efficiency","score":0.5619999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/private-information","display_name":"private information","score":0.5950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributional-effects","display_name":"distributional effects","score":0.6079999804496765}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778869765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6028363","display_name":"Inefficiency","level":2,"score":0.7766786813735962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106866004","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q264259","display_name":"Economic rent","level":2,"score":0.7405272722244263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101472132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835678","display_name":"Price discrimination","level":2,"score":0.6538662910461426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142038384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1362536","display_name":"Yield management","level":4,"score":0.5908105373382568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.5780072212219238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5637670755386353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781249084","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908656","display_name":"Preference","level":2,"score":0.4962943196296692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4960521161556244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.4836598336696625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100243477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12002092","display_name":"Welfare","level":2,"score":0.41072165966033936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.40461909770965576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106159729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2294553","display_name":"Financial economics","level":1,"score":0.3261146545410156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781386248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11898700","display_name":"Revenue management","level":3,"score":0.1949300765991211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.13176393508911133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195487862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850210","display_name":"Revenue","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":8,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/restud/rdad037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdad037","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdad037","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S88935262","display_name":"The Review of Economic Studies","issn_l":"0034-6527","issn":["0034-6527","1467-937X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","ft50","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Review of Economic Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.3288276","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3288276","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3288276","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:arx:papers:2102.05751","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/2102.05751","pdf_url":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/2102.05751","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2102.05751","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2102.05751","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2102.05751","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:boc:bocoec:968","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://fmwww.bc.edu/EC-P/wp968.pdf","pdf_url":"http://fmwww.bc.edu/EC-P/wp968.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"mag:2909288872","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:boc:bocoec:968","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:oup:restud:v:91:y:2024:i:2:p:641-689.","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/restud/rdad037","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2102.05751","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2102.05751","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2102.05751","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.3288276","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3288276","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3288276","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.7300000190734863,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":63,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1493520135","https://openalex.org/W1506880310","https://openalex.org/W1508850740","https://openalex.org/W1524717330","https://openalex.org/W1560025682","https://openalex.org/W1591594305","https://openalex.org/W1593776694","https://openalex.org/W1832817320","https://openalex.org/W1975362512","https://openalex.org/W1996531145","https://openalex.org/W2000246975","https://openalex.org/W2023067240","https://openalex.org/W2042199312","https://openalex.org/W2043667188","https://openalex.org/W2051178883","https://openalex.org/W2052876170","https://openalex.org/W2058663522","https://openalex.org/W2062458514","https://openalex.org/W2078824048","https://openalex.org/W2087247020","https://openalex.org/W2102330367","https://openalex.org/W2109690032","https://openalex.org/W2118944179","https://openalex.org/W2139800451","https://openalex.org/W2155014080","https://openalex.org/W2155047511","https://openalex.org/W2163259489","https://openalex.org/W2169436842","https://openalex.org/W2170995331","https://openalex.org/W2187300208","https://openalex.org/W2461647303","https://openalex.org/W2623366082","https://openalex.org/W2748572277","https://openalex.org/W2884479637","https://openalex.org/W2890894067","https://openalex.org/W2978906649","https://openalex.org/W3021073649","https://openalex.org/W3021148789","https://openalex.org/W3112448006","https://openalex.org/W3122041265","https://openalex.org/W3122425267","https://openalex.org/W3122512825","https://openalex.org/W3122535559","https://openalex.org/W3122845257","https://openalex.org/W3123260353","https://openalex.org/W3124296062","https://openalex.org/W3124669163","https://openalex.org/W3125449324","https://openalex.org/W3146545896","https://openalex.org/W3161688999","https://openalex.org/W3192821690","https://openalex.org/W4205764967","https://openalex.org/W4234284606","https://openalex.org/W4248104870","https://openalex.org/W4280549099","https://openalex.org/W6629465611","https://openalex.org/W6632891797","https://openalex.org/W6633840411","https://openalex.org/W6635370590","https://openalex.org/W6635424035","https://openalex.org/W6661475750","https://openalex.org/W6672067334","https://openalex.org/W6730368706"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2010677927","https://openalex.org/W3174197495","https://openalex.org/W1514406494","https://openalex.org/W1571849010","https://openalex.org/W3144201225","https://openalex.org/W2114720487","https://openalex.org/W2066393876","https://openalex.org/W2108425646","https://openalex.org/W2050741014","https://openalex.org/W2566966950","https://openalex.org/W3214447750","https://openalex.org/W1986999389","https://openalex.org/W3206224501","https://openalex.org/W1503572176","https://openalex.org/W3123285249","https://openalex.org/W2294763745","https://openalex.org/W2272761606","https://openalex.org/W1967278718","https://openalex.org/W3121253073","https://openalex.org/W3123449003"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"We":[1,93],"develop":[2],"a":[3,131],"model":[4],"of":[5,18,62,71,77,113],"inter-temporal":[6],"and":[7,26,51,53,60,103],"intra-temporal":[8],"price":[9],"discrimination":[10],"by":[11],"monopoly":[12],"airlines":[13,98],"to":[14,23],"study":[15],"the":[16,27,33,72,111,119],"ability":[17],"different":[19],"discriminatory":[20],"pricing":[21,66,121],"mechanisms":[22],"increase":[24],"efficiency":[25],"associated":[28],"distributional":[29],"implications.":[30],"To":[31],"estimate":[32],"model,":[34],"we":[35],"use":[36],"unique":[37],"data":[38],"from":[39,82],"international":[40],"airline":[41],"markets":[42,52],"with":[43,129],"flight-level":[44],"variation":[45],"in":[46],"prices":[47],"across":[48,126],"time,":[49],"cabins,":[50],"information":[54,84],"on":[55,138],"passengers\u2019":[56],"reasons":[57],"for":[58],"travel":[59],"time":[61],"purchase.":[63],"The":[64,75],"current":[65,120],"practice":[67],"yields":[68],"approximately":[69],"77%":[70],"first-best":[73],"welfare.":[74,140],"source":[76],"this":[78],"inefficiency":[79],"arises":[80],"primarily":[81],"private":[83],"about":[85,91],"passenger":[86,115],"valuations,":[87],"not":[88],"dynamic":[89],"uncertainty":[90],"demand.":[92],"also":[94],"find":[95],"that":[96,122],"if":[97],"could":[99],"discriminate":[100],"between":[101],"business":[102,114],"leisure":[104],"passengers,":[105],"total":[106,139],"welfare":[107],"would":[108],"improve":[109],"at":[110],"expense":[112],"surplus.":[116],"Also,":[117],"replacing":[118],"involves":[123],"screening":[124],"passengers":[125],"cabin":[127,133],"classes":[128],"offering":[130],"single":[132],"class":[134],"has":[135],"minimal":[136],"effect":[137]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
