{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2908959005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cel.2018.10","title":"Europe\u2019s \u2018Other\u2019 Open-Border Zone: The Common Travel Area under the Shadow of Brexit","display_name":"Europe\u2019s \u2018Other\u2019 Open-Border Zone: The Common Travel Area under the Shadow of Brexit","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2908959005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cel.2018.10","mag":"2908959005"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/cel.2018.10","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cel.2018.10","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cel.2018.10","pdf_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/80AD2A25114C2CDC3996ABBCEF5F301C/S1528887018000101a.pdf/div-class-title-europe-s-other-open-border-zone-the-common-travel-area-under-the-shadow-of-brexit-div.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393917462","display_name":"Cambridge yearbook of European legal studies","issn_l":"1528-8870","issn":["1528-8870","2049-7636"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/80AD2A25114C2CDC3996ABBCEF5F301C/S1528887018000101a.pdf/div-class-title-europe-s-other-open-border-zone-the-common-travel-area-under-the-shadow-of-brexit-div.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020465590","display_name":"Graham Butler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8911-0817","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8911-0817"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204337017","display_name":"Aarhus University","ror":"https://ror.org/01aj84f44","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204337017"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Graham BUTLER","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aarhus University, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aarhus University, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204337017"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076535340","display_name":"Gavin Michael Barrett","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6961-1454","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6961-1454"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100930933","display_name":"University College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/05m7pjf47","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100930933"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gavin BARRETT","raw_affiliation_strings":["University College Dublin, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100930933"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2913,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91418729,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":null,"first_page":"252","last_page":"286"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14255","display_name":"European Law and Migration","score":0.6714000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14255","display_name":"European Law and Migration","score":0.6714000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13948","display_name":"Gender and Women's Rights","score":0.23270000517368317,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13710","display_name":"European and International Law Studies","score":0.05290000140666962,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/common-travel-area","display_name":"Common Travel Area","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brexit","display_name":"Brexit","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-borders","display_name":"open borders","score":0.5009999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schengen-area","display_name":"Schengen Area","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/article-50-teu","display_name":"Article 50 TEU","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/border-control","display_name":"border control","score":0.6209999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eu-law","display_name":"European Union law","score":0.35899999737739563}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776469822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7888194","display_name":"Brexit","level":3,"score":0.9644576907157898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117797892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q286363","display_name":"Shadow (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.8291604518890381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.44849443435668945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.34420618414878845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3397150933742523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.2439671754837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910001868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458","display_name":"European union","level":2,"score":0.1648806631565094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.1268768608570099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/cel.2018.10","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cel.2018.10","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cel.2018.10","pdf_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/80AD2A25114C2CDC3996ABBCEF5F301C/S1528887018000101a.pdf/div-class-title-europe-s-other-open-border-zone-the-common-travel-area-under-the-shadow-of-brexit-div.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393917462","display_name":"Cambridge yearbook of European legal studies","issn_l":"1528-8870","issn":["1528-8870","2049-7636"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/86b9f483-8d18-44ed-8a85-d88358b66a03","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pure.au.dk/portal/en/publications/86b9f483-8d18-44ed-8a85-d88358b66a03","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Butler, G & Barrett, G 2018, 'Europe\u2019s \u2018Other\u2019 Open-Border Zone: The Common Travel Area under the Shadow of Brexit', Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies, vol. 20, pp. 252-286. https://doi.org/10.1017/cel.2018.10","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/cel.2018.10","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cel.2018.10","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cel.2018.10","pdf_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/80AD2A25114C2CDC3996ABBCEF5F301C/S1528887018000101a.pdf/div-class-title-europe-s-other-open-border-zone-the-common-travel-area-under-the-shadow-of-brexit-div.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393917462","display_name":"Cambridge yearbook of European legal studies","issn_l":"1528-8870","issn":["1528-8870","2049-7636"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6601999998092651,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2908959005.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2908959005.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W185193466","https://openalex.org/W578490693","https://openalex.org/W621279555","https://openalex.org/W634766325","https://openalex.org/W652666098","https://openalex.org/W1225072805","https://openalex.org/W1492399538","https://openalex.org/W1518526407","https://openalex.org/W1534173025","https://openalex.org/W1552087431","https://openalex.org/W1579562058","https://openalex.org/W1590269671","https://openalex.org/W2059556148","https://openalex.org/W2068276902","https://openalex.org/W2095321802","https://openalex.org/W2102767220","https://openalex.org/W2105528892","https://openalex.org/W2130562626","https://openalex.org/W2344839805","https://openalex.org/W2625792779","https://openalex.org/W2735858738","https://openalex.org/W2745033547","https://openalex.org/W2761463578","https://openalex.org/W2786515028","https://openalex.org/W2804198027","https://openalex.org/W2951592536","https://openalex.org/W3121651492","https://openalex.org/W3161634366","https://openalex.org/W3187207961","https://openalex.org/W4231642794","https://openalex.org/W4239970868","https://openalex.org/W4243720207","https://openalex.org/W4244619717","https://openalex.org/W4244643248","https://openalex.org/W4244780597","https://openalex.org/W4245283765","https://openalex.org/W4256629159"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7169714903","https://openalex.org/W3180633705","https://openalex.org/W4206013916","https://openalex.org/W3021533411","https://openalex.org/W4293753228","https://openalex.org/W2972482095","https://openalex.org/W4403111936","https://openalex.org/W2606171755","https://openalex.org/W6885134761","https://openalex.org/W4245574506"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"In":[1],"recent":[2,169],"years,":[3],"the":[4,7,35,44,51,60,81,86,108,118,124,127,138,144,160,166,172,190,203,207,212,215,224,227,234,239,250],"Schengen":[5,52,161],"Area\u2014and":[6],"suppression":[8],"within":[9],"its":[10,130,135],"territory":[11],"of":[12,19,27,50,83,88,141,171,183,192,214,236,249,254],"border":[13,91],"controls\u2014has":[14],"become":[15],"a":[16,104],"strong":[17],"focus":[18],"attention.":[20],"This":[21,121],"article":[22,122,200],"focuses":[23],"on":[24,114],"another":[25],"region":[26],"Europe":[28],"where":[29],"such":[30],"controls":[31],"have":[32,47,97],"been":[33],"suppressed:":[34],"Common":[36],"Travel":[37],"Area":[38],"(\u2018CTA\u2019).":[39],"Historically,":[40],"both":[41],"Ireland":[42,93,96,142],"and":[43,94,100,143,147,186,233],"United":[45,145],"Kingdom":[46],"rejected":[48],"membership":[49],"system\u2014albeit":[53],"securing":[54],"certain":[55],"\u2018opt-in\u2019":[56],"rights\u2014and":[57],"instead":[58],"maintained":[59],"CTA":[61,67,194,208,251],"between":[62,92],"their":[63],"respective":[64],"jurisdictions.":[65],"The":[66,168,199],"has,":[68],"however,":[69],"garnered":[70],"relatively":[71],"little":[72],"public":[73],"attention":[74],"until":[75],"recently,":[76],"when":[77],"concerns":[78],"as":[79,159],"to":[80,102,126,244,256],"implications":[82,235],"Brexit":[84,218,237],"for":[85,238],"maintenance":[87],"an":[89],"open":[90],"Northern":[95],"gained":[98],"ground,":[99],"threatened":[101],"be":[103],"deal":[105],"breaker":[106],"in":[107,137,189,209,223,230,252],"negotiations":[109],"under":[110],"Article":[111],"50":[112],"TEU":[113],"UK":[115,225],"exit":[116],"from":[117,153],"EU":[119,157],"(\u2018Brexit\u2019).":[120],"examines":[123],"background":[125],"CTA,":[128],"exploring":[129],"surprisingly":[131],"fluid":[132],"legal":[133,139],"framework;":[134],"development":[136],"systems":[140],"Kingdom;":[146],"subsequently,":[148],"how":[149],"it":[150,242],"was":[151],"exempted":[152],"what":[154],"is":[155,196],"now":[156],"law":[158],"arrangements":[162],"were":[163],"integrated":[164],"into":[165],"Union.":[167],"introduction":[170],"British-Irish":[173],"Visa":[174],"Scheme,":[175],"which":[176,187,220],"formalises":[177],"some":[178,246],"visa":[179],"rules":[180],"regarding":[181],"citizens":[182],"third":[184],"states,":[185],"tends":[188],"direction":[191],"consolidating":[193],"arrangements,":[195],"also":[197],"examined.":[198],"further":[201],"explores":[202],"challenges":[204],"that":[205],"confront":[206],"coping":[210],"with":[211],"outcome":[213],"June":[216],"2016":[217],"referendum,":[219],"should":[221],"result":[222],"leaving":[226],"European":[228],"Union":[229],"March":[231],"2019,":[232],"CTA.":[240],"Finally,":[241],"seeks":[243],"identify":[245],"key":[247],"characteristics":[248],"light":[253],"experience":[255],"date.":[257]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2019-01-25T00:00:00"}
