{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2908383285","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33095/jeas.v24i108.1338","title":"\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642","display_name":"\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2908383285","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33095/jeas.v24i108.1338","mag":"2908383285"},"language":"ar","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.33095/jeas.v24i108.1338","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33095/jeas.v24i108.1338","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.33095/jeas.v24i108.1338","pdf_url":"https://jeasiq.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/JEASIQ/article/download/1338/1233","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219137","display_name":"Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences","issn_l":"2227-703X","issn":["2227-703X","2518-5764"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4360969254","host_organization_name":"University of Baghdad - College of Administration and Economics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4360969254"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Baghdad - College of Administration and Economics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://jeasiq.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/JEASIQ/article/download/1338/1233","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021587976","display_name":"\u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u062d\u0633\u0646","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"\u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u062d\u0633\u0646","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5021587976"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"108","first_page":"391","last_page":"391"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11621","display_name":"Fiscal Policies and Political Economy","score":0.46480000019073486,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11621","display_name":"Fiscal Policies and Political Economy","score":0.46480000019073486,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13042","display_name":"Economic and Fiscal Studies","score":0.42750000953674316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12446","display_name":"Economic Growth and Fiscal Policies","score":0.03790000081062317,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiscal-balance","display_name":"budget balance","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-budget-deficit","display_name":"public budget deficit","score":0.6489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiscal-reform","display_name":"fiscal reform","score":0.6800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-reform","display_name":"economic reform","score":0.6290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiscal-policy","display_name":"fiscal policy","score":0.42500001192092896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oil-price-dependence","display_name":"oil price dependence","score":0.6370000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiscal-reserves","display_name":"fiscal reserves","score":0.6320000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government-revenue","display_name":"government revenue","score":0.3400000035762787}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2684498727321625}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.33095/jeas.v24i108.1338","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33095/jeas.v24i108.1338","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.33095/jeas.v24i108.1338","pdf_url":"https://jeasiq.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/JEASIQ/article/download/1338/1233","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219137","display_name":"Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences","issn_l":"2227-703X","issn":["2227-703X","2518-5764"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4360969254","host_organization_name":"University of Baghdad - College of Administration and Economics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4360969254"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Baghdad - College of Administration and Economics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.33095/jeas.v24i108.1338","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33095/jeas.v24i108.1338","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.33095/jeas.v24i108.1338","pdf_url":"https://jeasiq.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/JEASIQ/article/download/1338/1233","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219137","display_name":"Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences","issn_l":"2227-703X","issn":["2227-703X","2518-5764"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4360969254","host_organization_name":"University of Baghdad - College of Administration and Economics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4360969254"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Baghdad - College of Administration and Economics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2908383285.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2908383285.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4297898548","https://openalex.org/W4414171044","https://openalex.org/W7214433920","https://openalex.org/W7081989073","https://openalex.org/W7219194682","https://openalex.org/W3215974594","https://openalex.org/W4390358530","https://openalex.org/W7160760457","https://openalex.org/W7117253199","https://openalex.org/W3216308414"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\u0625\u0646":[0,93,201],"\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0632":[1],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629":[2,131,211,243],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629":[3,132,136,244],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629":[4,245],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a":[5],"\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629":[6],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a":[7,21,59,197,208],"\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a":[8],"\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627":[9,150],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f":[10],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a":[11],"\u0623\u062b\u0631":[12],"\u0641\u064a":[13,25,51,66,77,116,163,177,181,183,206],"\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647":[14],"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b":[15,103,144,192],"\u0646\u062d\u0648":[16],"\u0637\u0631\u062d":[17],"\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629":[18,194],"\u0645\u0646":[19,31,69,120,195,214,221,235],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a":[20,158],"\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646":[22],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f":[23,75],"\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627":[24,76],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f":[26,78],"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628":[27],"\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646":[28],"\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629":[29],"\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639":[30],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a":[32],"\u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631":[33],"\u0646\u0641\u0637\u064a\u0629":[34],"\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641":[35],"\u0625\u0644\u0649":[36,61,170,193],"\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d":[37,83,87],"\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639":[38,84,88,161,179,233],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a":[39,85,95,114,180,234],"\u0628\u0645\u0627":[40,140],"\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646":[41],"\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642":[42],"\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629":[43],"\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629":[44],"\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a":[45,126,165],"\u064a\u062c\u0646\u0628":[46],"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629":[47,71,175,202],"\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a":[48],"\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629":[49],"\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644":[50],"\u062e\u0641\u0636":[52],"\u0625\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627":[53],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629":[54],"\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621":[55],"\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629":[56],"\u0623\u0648":[57],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629":[58],"\u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a":[60],"\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a":[62],"\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629":[63,213],"\u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629":[64],"\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629.":[65],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644":[67],"\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628":[68,119],"\u0647\u0630\u0647":[70],"\u0648\u0636\u0639":[72],"\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a":[73,121],"\u064a\u062a\u0645":[74],"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f":[79],"\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0647\u0627":[80],"\u0644\u064a\u0633":[81],"\u0641\u0642\u0637":[82],"\u0628\u0644":[86],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a":[89],"\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062a\u0647,":[90],"\u0639\u0644\u0649":[91,128,145],"\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631":[92],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646":[94,152],"\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637":[96],"\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637":[97],"\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642":[98],"\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646":[99],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a.":[100],"\u0648\u0642\u062f":[101,190],"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645":[102],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628":[104],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a":[105],"\u0648\u0628\u0634\u0642\u064a\u0647":[106],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644":[107,149],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644":[108,124],"\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a":[109],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644":[110],"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a":[111],"\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d":[112,173],"\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639":[113],"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a":[115],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642":[117],"\u0648\u0645\u0627":[118],"\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647":[122],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a":[123],"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a":[125,172],"\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f":[127],"\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646":[129],"\u0635\u0627\u0641\u064a":[130],"(\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636":[133],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0632)":[134],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a":[135],"\u0648\u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629":[137],"(2004-2015).":[138],"\u0648\u0644\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0627\u0637\u0629":[139],"\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645":[141],"\u0641\u0642\u062f":[142],"\u0642\u0633\u0645":[143],"\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629":[146],"\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621,":[147],"\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644":[148,155],"\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645":[151],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a,":[153],"\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627":[154],"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621":[156,168,186],"\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a":[157],"\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629":[159],"\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d":[160,232],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a.":[162],"\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a":[164],"\u0630\u0647\u0628":[166],"\u0641\u064a\u0647":[167],"\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b":[169],"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c":[171],"\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629":[174],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629":[176,203],"\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632":[178],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642,":[182],"\u062d\u064a\u0646":[184],"\u0639\u0646\u064a":[185],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631":[187],"\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a":[188],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a.":[189],"\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644":[191],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a":[196],"\u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a":[198],"\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u062a\u0647":[199],"\u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f\u0627\u064b":[200],"\u0644\u0645":[204],"\u062a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646":[205],"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a":[207],"\u062d\u0642\u0642\u062a":[209],"\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627":[210],"\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0636":[212],"\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621":[215],"\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a":[216],"\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629":[217],"\u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d":[218],"\u0644\u0647\u0627":[219],"\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b":[220],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629":[222],"\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647":[223],"\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a":[224],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.":[225],"\u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645":[226],"\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f":[227],"\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c":[228],"\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a":[229],"\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d":[230],"\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644":[231],"\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644":[236],"\u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0639":[237],"\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631":[238],"\u0644\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a":[239],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629,":[240],"\u0645\u0645\u0627":[241],"\u062c\u0639\u0644":[242],"\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629":[246],"\u0628\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631":[247],"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637":[248],"\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645.":[249]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-11T09:22:31.653822","created_date":"2019-01-11T00:00:00"}
