{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2907534357","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1593400","title":"THE ATTITUDES OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS TOWARDS SPORTS: ATTITUDE AND METAPHORICAL PERCEPTION","display_name":"THE ATTITUDES OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS TOWARDS SPORTS: ATTITUDE AND METAPHORICAL PERCEPTION","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-11-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2907534357","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1593400","mag":"2907534357"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs.edu.oapub.org:article/2113","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://oapub.org/edu/index.php/ejep/article/view/2113","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400454","display_name":"European Journal of Literature, Language and Linguistics Studies - Open Journal Systems","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"25011235","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://oapub.org/edu/index.php/ejep/article/view/2113","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Kaya, \u00d6znur","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95634034","display_name":"Gazi University","ror":"https://ror.org/054xkpr46","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95634034"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kaya, \u00d6znur","raw_affiliation_strings":["Gazi University Faculty of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gazi University Faculty of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95634034"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041467999","display_name":"Halil \u0130brahim Cicico\u011flu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95634034","display_name":"Gazi University","ror":"https://ror.org/054xkpr46","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95634034"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cicico\u011flu, Halil \u0130brahim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Gazi University Faculty of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gazi University Faculty of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95634034"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056243318","display_name":"G\u00f6n\u00fcl Tekkur\u015fun Demir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2451-5194","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2451-5194"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95634034","display_name":"Gazi University","ror":"https://ror.org/054xkpr46","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95634034"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Demir, G\u00f6n\u00fcl Tekkur\u015fun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Gazi University Faculty of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gazi University Faculty of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95634034"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95634034"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5219,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91484794,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13488","display_name":"Recreational Sport and Physical Activity","score":0.8217999935150146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3319","display_name":"Life-span and Life-course Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13488","display_name":"Recreational Sport and Physical Activity","score":0.8217999935150146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3319","display_name":"Life-span and Life-course Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12948","display_name":"Inclusion and Disability in Education and Sport","score":0.07930000126361847,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11718","display_name":"Physical Education and Pedagogy","score":0.024399999529123306,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attitudes-toward-sport","display_name":"attitudes toward sport","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/college-students","display_name":"university students","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metaphorical-perceptions","display_name":"metaphorical perceptions","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sports-metaphors","display_name":"sports metaphors","score":0.6159999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-differences","display_name":"gender differences","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-differences","display_name":"age differences","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-education-students","display_name":"physical education students","score":0.4909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychosocial-development","display_name":"psychosocial development","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-development","display_name":"cognitive development","score":0.8460000157356262}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6407186388969421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6387208104133606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.6008387804031372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150966472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3410145","display_name":"Psychosocial","level":2,"score":0.5907893180847168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.5488905310630798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778311575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18534","display_name":"Metaphor","level":2,"score":0.5365943908691406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.5252715349197388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5076147317886353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33313701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298380","display_name":"Sports science","level":2,"score":0.471152663230896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87156501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268708","display_name":"Qualitative property","level":2,"score":0.4581616520881653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.4372923970222473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521332185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185816","display_name":"Analogy","level":2,"score":0.4206688702106476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.41880276799201965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.36834269762039185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.3572433590888977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.1945227086544037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.1666105091571808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.1269398331642151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.1025380790233612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.09988123178482056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09192410111427307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42407357","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q521","display_name":"Physiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs.edu.oapub.org:article/2113","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://oapub.org/edu/index.php/ejep/article/view/2113","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400454","display_name":"European Journal of Literature, Language and Linguistics Studies - Open Journal Systems","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"25011235","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:1593401","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/1593401","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science 5(1)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.1593400","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1593400","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1593400","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.1593401","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1593401","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1593401","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},{"id":"mag:2907534357","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://oapub.org/edu/index.php/ejep/article/download/2113/4750","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764624052","display_name":"European Journal of Special Education Research","issn_l":"2501-2428","issn":["2501-2428"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4327874097","host_organization_name":"Open Access Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4327874097"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Open Access Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Special Education Research","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs.edu.oapub.org:article/2113","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://oapub.org/edu/index.php/ejep/article/view/2113","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400454","display_name":"European Journal of Literature, Language and Linguistics Studies - Open Journal Systems","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"25011235","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.5}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4387271695","https://openalex.org/W7062064805","https://openalex.org/W2906828850","https://openalex.org/W2350872148","https://openalex.org/W2347387185","https://openalex.org/W2797783865","https://openalex.org/W2923203903","https://openalex.org/W2384668742","https://openalex.org/W7147470578","https://openalex.org/W2995531523"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,32,53],"reactions":[1],"and":[2,42,108,112,122,125,147,166,172,174,207,228,234,268,309],"values":[3,169],"that":[4,212,283,314,328],"individuals":[5],"possess":[6],"towards":[7,51,205,266,320],"objects":[8],"or":[9,21,30],"situations":[10],"reflect":[11],"their":[12],"attitudes.":[13],"A":[14],"metaphor":[15],"is":[16,37],"to":[17,27,38,153,178,187,239,291],"describe":[18],"a":[19,58,88],"situation":[20,29],"object":[22],"by":[23,136,144,151],"establishing":[24],"an":[25],"analogy":[26],"another":[28],"object.":[31],"aim":[33],"of":[34,44,69,82,87,90,160,199,202,215,225,231,245,248,250,260,263,273,277,317,335],"this":[35,78],"study":[36,84],"examine":[39],"the":[40,73,80,83,137,158,161,179,188,197,200,213,216,229,246,258,261,271,274,278,287,295,315],"attitudes":[41,201,217,262,316],"perceptions":[43],"undergraduate":[45,67,96],"students":[46,68,97,204,265,319],"studying":[47,98],"at":[48,99],"various":[49,100],"faculties":[50],"sports.":[52],"present":[54],"study,":[55,279],"in":[56,72,223,243],"which":[57],"mixed":[59],"method":[60],"design":[61],"was":[62,64,85,185,210,281,312,325],"used,":[63],"conducted":[65],"with":[66],"Gazi":[70],"University":[71],"2017-2018":[74],"academic":[75],"year.":[76],"In":[77,157,270],"context,":[79],"sample":[81],"comprised":[86],"total":[89],"481":[91],"(241":[92],"female,":[93],"240":[94],"male)":[95],"departments,":[101],"such":[102],"as":[103,297],"Physical":[104],"Education":[105],"Teaching,":[106],"Banking":[107],"Insurance,":[109],"Political":[110],"Science":[111],"Public":[113],"Administration,":[114],"Law,":[115],"Statistics,":[116],"Finance,":[117],"Chemical":[118],"Engineering,":[119],"Banking,":[120],"Conservatory,":[121],"Psychological":[123],"Counseling":[124],"Guidance":[126],"(PCG).":[127],"Data":[128],"collection":[129],"tools":[130],"were":[131,170,176,194,237,253,289,322,332],"\"Demographic":[132],"Information":[133],"Form\"":[134],"developed":[135,143],"researchers,":[138],"\"The":[139],"Sports-Oriented":[140],"Attitude":[141],"Scale\"":[142],"Ko\u00e7ak":[145],"(2014),":[146],"\"semi-structured":[148],"form\"":[149],"prepared":[150],"researchers":[152],"collect":[154],"qualitative":[155,189,275],"data.":[156,181,190],"analysis":[159,184],"data,":[162],"frequency,":[163],"arithmetic":[164],"mean,":[165],"standard":[167],"deviation":[168],"calculated":[171],"t-test":[173],"ANOVA":[175],"applied":[177,186],"quantitative":[180],"Besides,":[182],"content":[183],"Significant":[191],"positive":[192,255,336],"correlations":[193,256],"found":[195,211,238,290],"between":[196,257],"subdimensions":[198,214,230,259],"university":[203,264,318],"sports":[206,219,267,321,331],"age.":[208,269],"It":[209,311,324],"toward":[218],"showed":[220],"significant":[221,254],"differences":[222],"favor":[224,244],"female":[226],"participants,":[227],"psychosocial":[232],"development":[233,236],"mental":[235],"be":[240,292],"significantly":[241],"different":[242],"students\u2019":[247],"departments":[249],"teaching.":[251],"There":[252],"context":[272],"data":[276],"it":[280],"discovered":[282],"metaphors":[284,329],"obtained":[285],"from":[286],"participants":[288],"clustered":[293],"under":[294],"categories":[296],"life":[298],"source,":[299],"benefit":[300],"provider,":[301],"value,":[302],"food,":[303],"delighting,":[304],"professional":[305],"association,":[306],"nature,":[307],"addiction,":[308],"necessity.":[310],"concluded":[313],"moderate.":[323],"also":[326],"determined":[327],"for":[330],"often":[333],"composed":[334],"ones.":[337]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2019-01-11T00:00:00"}