{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2907213191","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xhp0000590","title":"Sensitivity to configural information and expertise in visual word recognition.","display_name":"Sensitivity to configural information and expertise in visual word recognition.","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-12-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2907213191","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xhp0000590","mag":"2907213191","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30596434"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1037/xhp0000590","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xhp0000590","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xhp0000590","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S26008998","display_name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception & Performance","issn_l":"0096-1523","issn":["0096-1523","1939-1277"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320262","host_organization_name":"American Psychological Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320262"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Psychological Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031692304","display_name":"Alan C.\u2010N. Wong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2129-3485","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2129-3485"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alan C. -N. Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2129-3485","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112407128","display_name":"Yetta Kwailing Wong","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yetta Kwailing Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Educational Psychology, Faculty of Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Educational Psychology, Faculty of Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090827733","display_name":"Kelvin F. H. Lui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4818-3136","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4818-3136"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kelvin F. H. Lui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071748876","display_name":"Terri Ng","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Terri Y. K. Ng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017783585","display_name":"Vince S.H. Ngan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9652-9184","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9652-9184"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vince S. H. Ngan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.8257,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":39,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97577135,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"45","issue":"1","first_page":"82","last_page":"99"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10103","display_name":"Reading and Literacy Development","score":0.92330002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10103","display_name":"Reading and Literacy Development","score":0.92330002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11094","display_name":"Face Recognition and Perception","score":0.07020000368356705,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10427","display_name":"Visual perception and processing mechanisms","score":0.003700000001117587,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-word-recognition","display_name":"visual word recognition","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/holistic-processing","display_name":"holistic processing","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/configural-information","display_name":"configural information","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perceptual-expertise","display_name":"perceptual expertise","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inversion-effect","display_name":"inversion effect","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chinese-character-reading","display_name":"Chinese character reading","score":0.6119999885559082}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777413886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3276013","display_name":"Fluency","level":2,"score":0.6991629600524902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6680561900138855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.6152154207229614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.5635144710540771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150856459","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8034367","display_name":"Word recognition","level":3,"score":0.5537701845169067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87868495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750843","display_name":"Information processing","level":2,"score":0.5098909139633179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.4933530390262604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983335612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54277","display_name":"Word processing","level":2,"score":0.46123337745666504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778251979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7936617","display_name":"Visual processing","level":3,"score":0.4554270803928375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779398256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530468","display_name":"Processing fluency","level":3,"score":0.4470319151878357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64876066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5141226","display_name":"Cognitive neuroscience of visual object recognition","level":3,"score":0.42908942699432373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178253425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162668","display_name":"Visual perception","level":3,"score":0.41708576679229736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3686358332633972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.3685641288757324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.343699187040329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.32261332869529724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.28483957052230835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.26890093088150024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.20245057344436646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.09374722838401794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010364","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Visual","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011578","descriptor_name":"Psycholinguistics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011932","descriptor_name":"Reading","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013028","descriptor_name":"Space Perception","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019303","descriptor_name":"Multilingualism","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1037/xhp0000590","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xhp0000590","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xhp0000590","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S26008998","display_name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception & Performance","issn_l":"0096-1523","issn":["0096-1523","1939-1277"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320262","host_organization_name":"American Psychological Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320262"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Psychological Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:30596434","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30596434","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":79,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W95867176","https://openalex.org/W610014722","https://openalex.org/W1553937161","https://openalex.org/W1913670219","https://openalex.org/W1965003857","https://openalex.org/W1966016370","https://openalex.org/W1967723450","https://openalex.org/W1971147682","https://openalex.org/W1971533481","https://openalex.org/W1972188097","https://openalex.org/W1978237321","https://openalex.org/W1979758679","https://openalex.org/W1982699232","https://openalex.org/W1983006628","https://openalex.org/W1983036964","https://openalex.org/W1983592142","https://openalex.org/W1988536237","https://openalex.org/W1995154983","https://openalex.org/W1997161938","https://openalex.org/W1999828095","https://openalex.org/W2009005995","https://openalex.org/W2010656503","https://openalex.org/W2013632843","https://openalex.org/W2013942038","https://openalex.org/W2016209847","https://openalex.org/W2016346571","https://openalex.org/W2017586895","https://openalex.org/W2017909714","https://openalex.org/W2021656857","https://openalex.org/W2027326183","https://openalex.org/W2029379036","https://openalex.org/W2031291636","https://openalex.org/W2042036980","https://openalex.org/W2044906258","https://openalex.org/W2047249697","https://openalex.org/W2047415717","https://openalex.org/W2049074838","https://openalex.org/W2051972485","https://openalex.org/W2058404352","https://openalex.org/W2060540225","https://openalex.org/W2063761971","https://openalex.org/W2068868410","https://openalex.org/W2069201295","https://openalex.org/W2072500831","https://openalex.org/W2073257493","https://openalex.org/W2077629111","https://openalex.org/W2084692838","https://openalex.org/W2085435393","https://openalex.org/W2089337462","https://openalex.org/W2090317687","https://openalex.org/W2090365902","https://openalex.org/W2091400754","https://openalex.org/W2096456606","https://openalex.org/W2097076392","https://openalex.org/W2101810676","https://openalex.org/W2103100187","https://openalex.org/W2110045106","https://openalex.org/W2117268255","https://openalex.org/W2118279786","https://openalex.org/W2126553450","https://openalex.org/W2132934054","https://openalex.org/W2137415110","https://openalex.org/W2143766707","https://openalex.org/W2147637089","https://openalex.org/W2154204993","https://openalex.org/W2154415882","https://openalex.org/W2157300011","https://openalex.org/W2161070585","https://openalex.org/W2162602132","https://openalex.org/W2166152716","https://openalex.org/W2171675705","https://openalex.org/W2171719080","https://openalex.org/W2314279028","https://openalex.org/W2335680240","https://openalex.org/W2605991596","https://openalex.org/W2685618945","https://openalex.org/W2767773132","https://openalex.org/W3016645511","https://openalex.org/W4294214781"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1557931937","https://openalex.org/W2084692838","https://openalex.org/W1984921282","https://openalex.org/W3199615042","https://openalex.org/W2010656503","https://openalex.org/W2751410646","https://openalex.org/W7002361642","https://openalex.org/W3008230172","https://openalex.org/W7014951413","https://openalex.org/W4311803421"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Holistic":[0],"processing":[1,40,212],"has":[2],"been":[3],"regarded":[4],"as":[5,176],"a":[6,19,48,81,141,206,214],"marker":[7,217],"of":[8,22,33,54,64,129,179,195,204,208,222],"perceptual":[9,23,196,223],"expertise":[10,24,216],"for":[11],"many":[12],"object":[13],"categories.":[14],"However,":[15],"visual":[16],"word":[17,56,82,125,145,160,198],"processing,":[18,161],"common":[20],"form":[21],"in":[25,61,105,124,127,144,159,181],"the":[26,106,130],"population,":[27],"is":[28,213],"traditionally":[29],"considered":[30],"part-based":[31],"instead":[32],"holistic,":[34],"and":[35,83,89,150,156,192],"whether":[36],"it":[37],"involves":[38,200],"holistic":[39,55,201,211],"remains":[41],"inconclusive.":[42],"In":[43],"4":[44,151],"experiments,":[45],"we":[46],"examined":[47],"well-known":[49],"yet":[50],"less":[51],"studied":[52],"indicator":[53],"processing-observers'":[57],"sensitivity":[58,153],"to":[59,76,98,154,169,189],"changes":[60,100,158,171,174],"configural":[62,78,99,155,170],"information":[63,79],"objects.":[65],"A":[66],"paradigm":[67],"was":[68,119,140],"designed":[69],"with":[70,121],"2":[71,90],"crucial":[72],"elements:":[73],"specific":[74],"requirement":[75],"process":[77],"within":[80],"an":[84,116],"inversion":[85,117],"manipulation.":[86],"Experiments":[87,148],"1":[88,128],"showed":[91],"that":[92,163],"experienced":[93],"observers":[94],"were":[95,103,166],"more":[96,167],"sensitive":[97,168],"when":[101],"words":[102],"presented":[104],"familiar":[107],"upright":[108],"than":[109,172],"unfamiliar":[110],"inverted":[111],"orientation.":[112],"Of":[113],"importance,":[114],"such":[115],"effect":[118],"correlated":[120],"one's":[122],"fluency":[123],"recognition":[126,146,191,199],"conditions":[131],"(nonnative":[132],"Chinese":[133,136],"readers":[134,165],"viewing":[135],"characters)":[137],"where":[138],"there":[139],"larger":[142],"variability":[143],"fluency.":[147],"3":[149],"compared":[152],"component":[157,173],"showing":[162],"expert":[164],"(defined":[175],"line":[177],"thickness":[178],"parts)":[180],"words.":[182],"The":[183],"current":[184],"findings":[185],"suggest":[186],"that,":[187],"similar":[188],"face":[190,209],"other":[193],"domains":[194,221],"expertise,":[197],"processing.":[202],"Instead":[203],"being":[205],"hallmark":[207],"recognition,":[210],"general":[215],"shared":[218],"by":[219],"different":[220],"expertise.":[224],"(PsycINFO":[225],"Database":[226],"Record":[227],"(c)":[228],"2018":[229],"APA,":[230],"all":[231],"rights":[232],"reserved).":[233]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2019-01-11T00:00:00"}
