{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2906878975","doi":null,"title":"The National Football League: Action Versus Activism","display_name":"The National Football League: Action Versus Activism","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-06-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2906878975","mag":"2906878975"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/24697","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/24697","pdf_url":"https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/24697","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196436","display_name":"Scholars' Bank (University of Oregon)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I181233156","host_organization_name":"University of Oregon","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181233156"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/24697","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047268552","display_name":"John T. Holden","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8454-2004","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8454-2004"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115475287","display_name":"Oklahoma State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01g9vbr38","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115475287"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Holden, John T.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Business at Oklahoma State University ","Nancy Armour , NFL Draft Shows Teams Still Don't Care About Domestic Abuse , USA TODAY","Oklahoma State University*"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Business at Oklahoma State University ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115475287"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nancy Armour , NFL Draft Shows Teams Still Don't Care About Domestic Abuse , USA TODAY","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oklahoma State University*","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115475287"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000413265","display_name":"Joanna Wall Tweedie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1804-1682","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1804-1682"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103163165","display_name":"Florida State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05g3dte14","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103163165"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115475287","display_name":"Oklahoma State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01g9vbr38","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115475287"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tweedie, Joanna Wall","raw_affiliation_strings":["Business at Oklahoma State University ","Department of Sport Management at Florida State University","FLORIDA STATE UNIV"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Business at Oklahoma State University ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115475287"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Sport Management at Florida State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103163165"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"FLORIDA STATE UNIV","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103163165"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.01093087,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13296","display_name":"Physical Education and Sports Studies","score":0.36550000309944153,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13296","display_name":"Physical Education and Sports Studies","score":0.36550000309944153,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10942","display_name":"Sports, Gender, and Society","score":0.12449999898672104,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10115","display_name":"Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting","score":0.03779999911785126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/national-football-league","display_name":"National Football League","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domestic-violence","display_name":"domestic violence","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corporate-social-responsibility","display_name":"corporate social responsibility","score":0.8560000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/player-discipline","display_name":"player discipline","score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/super-bowl-commercials","display_name":"Super Bowl commercials","score":0.414000004529953}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207456731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660818","display_name":"League","level":2,"score":0.8143548965454102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19776675","display_name":"Commit","level":2,"score":0.7039821147918701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779295839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3544090","display_name":"Punishment (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5708432793617249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778444522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1081491","display_name":"Football","level":2,"score":0.5402315855026245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780587575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6875295","display_name":"Misconduct","level":2,"score":0.5112776756286621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542059537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156537","display_name":"Domestic violence","level":4,"score":0.4873729348182678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4872201979160309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73484699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161733","display_name":"Criminology","level":1,"score":0.45057234168052673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4135282635688782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.3294998109340668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2875976264476776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.17515844106674194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.16024458408355713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526869908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3298118","display_name":"Suicide prevention","level":3,"score":0.1212511956691742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/24697","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/24697","pdf_url":"https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/24697","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196436","display_name":"Scholars' Bank (University of Oregon)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I181233156","host_organization_name":"University of Oregon","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181233156"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/24697","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/24697","pdf_url":"https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/24697","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196436","display_name":"Scholars' Bank (University of Oregon)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I181233156","host_organization_name":"University of Oregon","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181233156"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.833299994468689,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2906878975.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2906878975.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2338350072","https://openalex.org/W2997312441","https://openalex.org/W2908285586","https://openalex.org/W3208024235","https://openalex.org/W7023799494","https://openalex.org/W2990637961","https://openalex.org/W7125186187","https://openalex.org/W623623359","https://openalex.org/W2462580667","https://openalex.org/W2803615914"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Following":[0],"gossip":[1],"website":[2],"TMZ's":[3],"September":[4],"8,":[5],"2014,":[6],"release":[7],"of":[8,49,87],"a":[9,24,38,50,79,91,99],"video":[10],"showing":[11],"Baltimore":[12],"Ravens":[13],"running":[14],"back":[15],"Ray":[16],"Rice":[17],"striking":[18],"his":[19],"then":[20],"fianc\u00e9e":[21],"unconscious":[22],"in":[23],"New":[25],"Jersey":[26],"casino":[27],"elevator,":[28],"the":[29,44,47,61,111,116],"NFL":[30,45,62,117],"prominently":[31],"declared":[32],"\"No":[33],"More\"":[34],"to":[35,113],"domestic":[36,73,89,122],"violence.In":[37],"highly":[39],"publicized":[40],"Super":[41],"Bowl":[42],"commercial,":[43],"announced":[46],"launch":[48],"new":[51],"corporate":[52],"social":[53],"responsibility":[54],"program,":[55],"No":[56,75],"More,":[57],"which":[58],"suggested":[59],"that":[60],"would":[63,107],"no":[64],"longer":[65],"tolerate":[66],"within":[67],"its":[68],"ranks":[69],"those":[70],"who":[71,105],"commit":[72],"violence.The":[74],"More":[76],"program":[77],"preceded":[78],"newer,":[80],"stricter":[81],"punishment":[82],"system":[83],"for":[84,94,102],"players":[85],"accused":[86],"committing":[88],"violence:":[90],"six-game":[92],"suspension":[93],"first-time":[95],"offenders,":[96,104],"followed":[97],"by":[98,110],"one-year":[100],"expulsion":[101],"second-time":[103],"also":[106],"require":[108],"reinstatement":[109],"Commissioner":[112],"play":[114],"again.Although":[115],"has":[118],"talked":[119],"tough":[120],"on":[121],"violence,":[123],"this":[124],"Article's":[125]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-23T05:00:35.095934","created_date":"2019-01-11T00:00:00"}