{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2906834624","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315138640-7","title":"Chapter 7 Materials for Making Concrete \u2013 III Water","display_name":"Chapter 7 Materials for Making Concrete \u2013 III Water","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-12-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2906834624","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315138640-7","mag":"2906834624"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1201/9781315138640-7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315138640-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315138640-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463855","display_name":"Routledge eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319847","host_organization_name":"Routledge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319847","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Routledge","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Building Materials","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4255945809","display_name":"Building Materials"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111132558","display_name":"S.K. Duggal","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"S.K. Duggal","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111132558"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.3484103,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"191","last_page":"195"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10033","display_name":"Concrete and Cement Materials Research","score":0.9452999830245972,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10033","display_name":"Concrete and Cement Materials Research","score":0.9452999830245972,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12152","display_name":"Concrete Properties and Behavior","score":0.021199999377131462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13031","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering Research","score":0.011900000274181366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cement-hydration","display_name":"cement hydration","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-pollutants","display_name":"water contaminants","score":0.7200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/setting-time","display_name":"setting time","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/portland-cement","display_name":"Portland cement","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curing-water","display_name":"curing water","score":0.6589999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compressive-strength-loss","display_name":"compressive strength loss","score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-wastewater","display_name":"industrial wastewater","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aggregate-washing","display_name":"aggregate washing","score":0.7549999952316284}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4212537407875061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.36517632007598877}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1201/9781315138640-7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315138640-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315138640-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463855","display_name":"Routledge eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319847","host_organization_name":"Routledge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319847","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Routledge","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Building Materials","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5171999931335449,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","display_name":"Responsible consumption and production"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7098326875","https://openalex.org/W4413936378","https://openalex.org/W657247405","https://openalex.org/W2747223291","https://openalex.org/W2764276734","https://openalex.org/W3147598450","https://openalex.org/W7167350006","https://openalex.org/W4211065238","https://openalex.org/W6999940644","https://openalex.org/W2029491254"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,38],"purpose":[1],"of":[2,11,17,40,49,52,83,101,143],"using":[3],"water":[4,43,66,78,109,114,135],"with":[5,90,134,141],"cement":[6,92],"is":[7,110,122],"to":[8],"cause":[9],"hydration":[10,21],"the":[12,81,91,104,117],"cement.":[13,54],"Water":[14,55],"in":[15,42,47,76,103,115,119],"excess":[16],"that":[18],"required":[19],"for":[20,57,63,70],"acts":[22],"as":[23,112],"a":[24,33,98],"lubricant":[25],"between":[26],"coarse":[27],"and":[28,31,35,146],"fine":[29],"aggregates":[30,131],"produces":[32],"workable":[34],"economical":[36],"concrete.":[37,105],"effects":[39],"impurities":[41],"are":[44,132],"mainly":[45],"expressed":[46],"terms":[48],"setting":[50],"time":[51],"Portland":[53],"fit":[56],"making":[58],"concrete":[59,71],"can":[60],"be":[61,68],"used":[62,111],"curing.":[64],"Sea":[65],"may":[67],"recommended":[69],"without":[72],"reinforcement.":[73],"Algae":[74],"present":[75],"mixing":[77,113],"or":[79,93],"on":[80],"surface":[82],"aggregate":[84],"either":[85],"reduces":[86,94],"bond":[87],"by":[88,96],"combining":[89],"strength":[95,121],"entraining":[97],"large":[99],"amount":[100],"air":[102],"When":[106,130],"industrial":[107],"waste":[108],"concrete,":[116],"reduction":[118],"compressive":[120],"generally":[123],"less":[124],"than":[125],"about":[126],"10":[127],"per":[128],"cent.":[129],"washed":[133],"containing":[136],"impurities,":[137],"they":[138],"get":[139],"coated":[140],"layers":[142],"silt,":[144],"salts":[145],"organic":[147],"matters.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-10T09:11:00.788812","created_date":"2019-01-11T00:00:00"}