{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2905053526","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/aog.0000000000003022","title":"An Ethical Framework for Research in Maternal\u2013Fetal Intervention in the Presence of Maternal Human Immunodeficiency Virus or Hepatitis B and C Infection","display_name":"An Ethical Framework for Research in Maternal\u2013Fetal Intervention in the Presence of Maternal Human Immunodeficiency Virus or Hepatitis B and C Infection","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-12-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2905053526","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/aog.0000000000003022","mag":"2905053526","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30531563"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/aog.0000000000003022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/aog.0000000000003022","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/aog.0000000000003022","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S139838620","display_name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology","issn_l":"0029-7844","issn":["0029-7844","1873-233X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Obstetrics & Gynecology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"editorial","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064261642","display_name":"Alireza Abdollah Shamshirsaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6333-3177","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6333-3177","https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4910-0180"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181547552","display_name":"Baylor College of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181547552","https://openalex.org/I2801539370"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147586","display_name":"Texas Children's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05cz92x43","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147586"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153466","display_name":"Weill Cornell Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/02r109517","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alireza A. Shamshirsaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, and the Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York","Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, and the Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas","Each author has confirmed compliance with the journal's requirements for authorship","The authors thank the members of Fetal Therapy Board at Texas Children's Hospital for their support by intellectually discussing all the ethical aspects of fetal intervention candidates","email: [email\u00a0protected]","the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, and the Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181547552","https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4210147586","https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, and the Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181547552","https://openalex.org/I4210147586"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Each author has confirmed compliance with the journal's requirements for authorship","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The authors thank the members of Fetal Therapy Board at Texas Children's Hospital for their support by intellectually discussing all the ethical aspects of fetal intervention candidates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147586"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"email: [email\u00a0protected]","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021863733","display_name":"Allison Archer Sellner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181547552","display_name":"Baylor College of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181547552","https://openalex.org/I2801539370"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147586","display_name":"Texas Children's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05cz92x43","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147586"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153466","display_name":"Weill Cornell Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/02r109517","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Allison A. Sellner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, and the Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas","and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York","Each author has confirmed compliance with the journal's requirements for authorship","The authors thank the members of Fetal Therapy Board at Texas Children's Hospital for their support by intellectually discussing all the ethical aspects of fetal intervention candidates","email: [email\u00a0protected]","the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, and the Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181547552","https://openalex.org/I4210147586"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Each author has confirmed compliance with the journal's requirements for authorship","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The authors thank the members of Fetal Therapy Board at Texas Children's Hospital for their support by intellectually discussing all the ethical aspects of fetal intervention candidates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147586"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"email: [email\u00a0protected]","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071960436","display_name":"Hadi Erfani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1655-6877","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1655-6877"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181547552","display_name":"Baylor College of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181547552","https://openalex.org/I2801539370"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147586","display_name":"Texas Children's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05cz92x43","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147586"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153466","display_name":"Weill Cornell Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/02r109517","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hadi Erfani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, and the Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas","and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York","Each author has confirmed compliance with the journal's requirements for authorship","The authors thank the members of Fetal Therapy Board at Texas Children's Hospital for their support by intellectually discussing all the ethical aspects of fetal intervention candidates","email: [email\u00a0protected]","the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, and the Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181547552","https://openalex.org/I4210147586"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Each author has confirmed compliance with the journal's requirements for authorship","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The authors thank the members of Fetal Therapy Board at Texas Children's Hospital for their support by intellectually discussing all the ethical aspects of fetal intervention candidates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147586"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"email: [email\u00a0protected]","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055697102","display_name":"Kjersti Marie Aagaard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2960-0371","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2960-0371"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181547552","display_name":"Baylor College of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181547552","https://openalex.org/I2801539370"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147586","display_name":"Texas Children's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05cz92x43","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147586"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153466","display_name":"Weill Cornell Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/02r109517","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kjersti M. Aagaard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, and the Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas","and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York","Each author has confirmed compliance with the journal's requirements for authorship","The authors thank the members of Fetal Therapy Board at Texas Children's Hospital for their support by intellectually discussing all the ethical aspects of fetal intervention candidates","email: [email\u00a0protected]","the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, and the Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181547552","https://openalex.org/I4210147586"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Each author has confirmed compliance with the journal's requirements for authorship","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The authors thank the members of Fetal Therapy Board at Texas Children's Hospital for their support by intellectually discussing all the ethical aspects of fetal intervention candidates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147586"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"email: [email\u00a0protected]","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047349145","display_name":"Ahmed Abobakr Nassr","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1924-7965","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1924-7965"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181547552","display_name":"Baylor College of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181547552","https://openalex.org/I2801539370"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147586","display_name":"Texas Children's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05cz92x43","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147586"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153466","display_name":"Weill Cornell Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/02r109517","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed A. Nassr","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, and the Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas","and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York","Each author has confirmed compliance with the journal's requirements for authorship","The authors thank the members of Fetal Therapy Board at Texas Children's Hospital for their support by intellectually discussing all the ethical aspects of fetal intervention candidates","email: [email\u00a0protected]","the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, and the Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181547552","https://openalex.org/I4210147586"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Each author has confirmed compliance with the journal's requirements for authorship","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The authors thank the members of Fetal Therapy Board at Texas Children's Hospital for their support by intellectually discussing all the ethical aspects of fetal intervention candidates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147586"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"email: [email\u00a0protected]","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044108220","display_name":"Stacey Pereira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6541-3904","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6541-3904"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181547552","display_name":"Baylor College of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181547552","https://openalex.org/I2801539370"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147586","display_name":"Texas Children's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05cz92x43","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147586"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153466","display_name":"Weill Cornell Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/02r109517","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stacey Pereira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, and the Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas","and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York","Each author has confirmed compliance with the journal's requirements for authorship","The authors thank the members of Fetal Therapy Board at Texas Children's Hospital for their support by intellectually discussing all the ethical aspects of fetal intervention candidates","email: [email\u00a0protected]","the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, and the Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181547552","https://openalex.org/I4210147586"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Each author has confirmed compliance with the journal's requirements for authorship","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The authors thank the members of Fetal Therapy Board at Texas Children's Hospital for their support by intellectually discussing all the ethical aspects of fetal intervention candidates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147586"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"email: [email\u00a0protected]","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085363376","display_name":"Michael A. Belfort","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7887-5737","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7887-5737"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181547552","display_name":"Baylor College of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181547552","https://openalex.org/I2801539370"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147586","display_name":"Texas Children's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05cz92x43","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147586"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153466","display_name":"Weill Cornell Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/02r109517","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael A. Belfort","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, and the Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas","and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York","Each author has confirmed compliance with the journal's requirements for authorship","The authors thank the members of Fetal Therapy Board at Texas Children's Hospital for their support by intellectually discussing all the ethical aspects of fetal intervention candidates","email: [email\u00a0protected]","the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, and the Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181547552","https://openalex.org/I4210147586"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Each author has confirmed compliance with the journal's requirements for authorship","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The authors thank the members of Fetal Therapy Board at Texas Children's Hospital for their support by intellectually discussing all the ethical aspects of fetal intervention candidates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147586"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"email: [email\u00a0protected]","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072079955","display_name":"Laurence B. McCullough","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9505-0611","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9505-0611"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181547552","display_name":"Baylor College of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181547552","https://openalex.org/I2801539370"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147586","display_name":"Texas Children's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05cz92x43","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147586"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153466","display_name":"Weill Cornell Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/02r109517","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laurence B. McCullough","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, and the Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas","and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York","Each author has confirmed compliance with the journal's requirements for authorship","The authors thank the members of Fetal Therapy Board at Texas Children's Hospital for their support by intellectually discussing all the ethical aspects of fetal intervention candidates","email: [email\u00a0protected]","the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, and the Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181547552","https://openalex.org/I4210147586"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Each author has confirmed compliance with the journal's requirements for authorship","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The authors thank the members of Fetal Therapy Board at Texas Children's Hospital for their support by intellectually discussing all the ethical aspects of fetal intervention candidates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147586"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"email: [email\u00a0protected]","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055103818","display_name":"Frank A. Chervenak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4600-0853","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4600-0853"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181547552","display_name":"Baylor College of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181547552","https://openalex.org/I2801539370"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147586","display_name":"Texas Children's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05cz92x43","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147586"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153466","display_name":"Weill Cornell Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/02r109517","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frank A. Chervenak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, and the Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas","and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York","Each author has confirmed compliance with the journal's requirements for authorship","The authors thank the members of Fetal Therapy Board at Texas Children's Hospital for their support by intellectually discussing all the ethical aspects of fetal intervention candidates","email: [email\u00a0protected]","the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, and the Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181547552","https://openalex.org/I4210147586"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Each author has confirmed compliance with the journal's requirements for authorship","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The authors thank the members of Fetal Therapy Board at Texas Children's Hospital for their support by intellectually discussing all the ethical aspects of fetal intervention candidates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147586"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"email: [email\u00a0protected]","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"133","issue":"1","first_page":"48","last_page":"52"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13147","display_name":"Ethics and bioethics in healthcare","score":0.6977999806404114,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13147","display_name":"Ethics and bioethics in healthcare","score":0.6977999806404114,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10582","display_name":"Ethics in Clinical Research","score":0.28929999470710754,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13417","display_name":"Biomedical Ethics and Regulation","score":0.004100000020116568,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2910","display_name":"Issues, ethics and legal aspects"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/research-ethics","display_name":"research ethics","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-in-pregnancy","display_name":"HIV in pregnancy","score":0.7210000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hepatitis-b","display_name":"hepatitis B","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hepatitis-c","display_name":"hepatitis C","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-viral-load","display_name":"low viral load","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fetal-status","display_name":"fetal status","score":0.46700000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-autonomy","display_name":"patient autonomy","score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/justice","display_name":"justice","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multicenter-study","display_name":"multicenter study","score":0.8949999809265137}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8699934482574463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.6969451904296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172680121","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26513","display_name":"Fetus","level":3,"score":0.6289321184158325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117438556","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4887413","display_name":"Beneficence","level":3,"score":0.6072081327438354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65414064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484105","display_name":"Autonomy","level":2,"score":0.5467972159385681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3013748606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15787","display_name":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","level":2,"score":0.5165899991989136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776408679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q708693","display_name":"Hepatitis C virus","level":3,"score":0.4783836603164673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777382497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6853","display_name":"Hepatitis B","level":2,"score":0.4762946665287018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.4597932994365692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.4441230297088623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131872663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5284418","display_name":"Obstetrics","level":1,"score":0.423103928565979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779234561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11995","display_name":"Pregnancy","level":2,"score":0.421130508184433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780593183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6844","display_name":"Hepatitis B virus","level":3,"score":0.41951441764831543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.33593225479125977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.24049612879753113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.14595511555671692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.06332594156265259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000068101","descriptor_name":"Maternal-Child Health Services","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000649","descriptor_name":"Amniocentesis","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005333","descriptor_name":"Fetus","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006509","descriptor_name":"Hepatitis B","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006526","descriptor_name":"Hepatitis C","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011247","descriptor_name":"Pregnancy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011251","descriptor_name":"Pregnancy Complications, Infectious","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011296","descriptor_name":"Prenatal Diagnosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014777","descriptor_name":"Virus Diseases","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035843","descriptor_name":"Biomedical Research","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/aog.0000000000003022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/aog.0000000000003022","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/aog.0000000000003022","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S139838620","display_name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology","issn_l":"0029-7844","issn":["0029-7844","1873-233X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Obstetrics & Gynecology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:30531563","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30531563","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Obstetrics and gynecology","raw_type":"Editorial"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.98580002784729,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1913245211","https://openalex.org/W1964867999","https://openalex.org/W1987301843","https://openalex.org/W2027996973","https://openalex.org/W2098460979","https://openalex.org/W2121362101","https://openalex.org/W2123558219","https://openalex.org/W2137401503","https://openalex.org/W2141008218","https://openalex.org/W2312375800","https://openalex.org/W2313126192","https://openalex.org/W2316970929","https://openalex.org/W2463854071","https://openalex.org/W2491376696","https://openalex.org/W2742837303","https://openalex.org/W4238271575","https://openalex.org/W6990313548"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2566342674","https://openalex.org/W3120476955","https://openalex.org/W3184241535","https://openalex.org/W4408244941","https://openalex.org/W1974842684","https://openalex.org/W1966319424","https://openalex.org/W4387229255","https://openalex.org/W64241972","https://openalex.org/W2611325660","https://openalex.org/W2086821471"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Maternal-fetal":[0],"interventions":[1,33,116],"continue":[2],"to":[3,21,34,62,90,97],"be":[4,144],"a":[5],"groundbreaking":[6],"and":[7,43,85,93,96,122,125],"rapidly":[8],"expanding":[9],"area.":[10],"In":[11],"this":[12,57],"article,":[13],"we":[14,106],"examine":[15],"whether":[16],"it":[17],"is":[18,134],"ethically":[19,135],"permissible":[20],"conduct":[22],"investigation":[23],"into":[24],"the":[25,68,71,74,78,80,88,98,110],"expansion":[26],"of":[27,65,70,77,82,87,101],"inclusion":[28],"criteria":[29],"for":[30,67],"existing":[31],"maternal-fetal":[32,115],"include":[35],"pregnant":[36,72,118],"patients":[37],"with":[38,49,117,120,128],"human":[39],"immunodeficiency":[40],"virus":[41],"(HIV)":[42],"hepatitis":[44,123],"B":[45,124],"or":[46,51,130],"C":[47,126],"infection":[48,127],"low":[50,129],"undetectable":[52,131],"viral":[53,132],"loads.":[54],"We":[55],"addressed":[56],"ethical":[58,63,99,104],"question":[59],"by":[60],"appealing":[61],"principle":[64,100],"respect":[66],"autonomy":[69],"patient;":[73],"patient":[75],"status":[76],"fetus;":[79],"balance":[81],"overall":[83],"benefits":[84],"risks":[86],"procedure(s)":[89],"pregnant,":[91],"fetal,":[92],"neonatal":[94],"patients;":[95],"justice.":[102],"The":[103],"framework":[105],"have":[107],"provided":[108],"supports":[109],"conclusion":[111],"that":[112],"research":[113,142],"on":[114],"women":[119],"HIV":[121],"loads":[133],"permissible.":[136],"To":[137],"accumulate":[138],"sufficient":[139],"numbers,":[140],"such":[141],"should":[143],"multicenter.":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2018-12-22T00:00:00"}