{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2903616651","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0305000918000491","title":"Metaphor processing in middle childhood and at the transition to early adolescence: the role of chronological age, mental age, and verbal intelligence","display_name":"Metaphor processing in middle childhood and at the transition to early adolescence: the role of chronological age, mental age, and verbal intelligence","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-12-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2903616651","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0305000918000491","mag":"2903616651","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30560743"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0305000918000491","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0305000918000491","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0305000918000491","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S31497010","display_name":"Journal of Child Language","issn_l":"0305-0009","issn":["0305-0009","1469-7602"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Child Language","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035743589","display_name":"Matthias Deckert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3003-3578","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3003-3578"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76134821","display_name":"Medical University of Vienna","ror":"https://ror.org/05n3x4p02","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76134821"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Matthias DECKERT","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3003-3578","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76134821"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003879623","display_name":"Michaela Schmoeger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5894-3405","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5894-3405"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76134821","display_name":"Medical University of Vienna","ror":"https://ror.org/05n3x4p02","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76134821"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michaela SCHMOEGER","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76134821"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090938888","display_name":"Ines Schaunig-Busch","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76134821","display_name":"Medical University of Vienna","ror":"https://ror.org/05n3x4p02","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76134821"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ines SCHAUNIG-BUSCH","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76134821"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021864978","display_name":"Ulrike Willinger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1412-9927","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1412-9927"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76134821","display_name":"Medical University of Vienna","ror":"https://ror.org/05n3x4p02","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76134821"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ulrike WILLINGER","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76134821"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035743589"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76134821"],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.0307,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":38,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96017811,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"46","issue":"2","first_page":"334","last_page":"367"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11148","display_name":"Language, Metaphor, and Cognition","score":0.8086000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11148","display_name":"Language, Metaphor, and Cognition","score":0.8086000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10730","display_name":"Language Development and Disorders","score":0.12449999898672104,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10656","display_name":"Child and Animal Learning Development","score":0.061400000005960464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metaphor-processing","display_name":"metaphor processing","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/middle-childhood","display_name":"middle childhood","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-adolescence","display_name":"early adolescence","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronological-age","display_name":"chronological age","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mental-age","display_name":"mental age","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/verbal-intelligence","display_name":"verbal intelligence","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-skills","display_name":"language skills","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concept-formation","display_name":"concept formation","score":0.7070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-knowledge","display_name":"semantic knowledge","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inferential-reasoning","display_name":"inferential reasoning","score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metaphor-comprehension","display_name":"metaphor comprehension","score":0.5070000290870667}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.8285019397735596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778311575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18534","display_name":"Metaphor","level":2,"score":0.804527997970581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511192102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156948","display_name":"Comprehension","level":2,"score":0.5744539499282837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46182478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7363315","display_name":"Literal and figurative language","level":2,"score":0.5202214121818542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.5186423659324646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.4603663682937622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36964233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7920942","display_name":"Verbal reasoning","level":3,"score":0.44046950340270996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.4390961527824402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145633318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207125","display_name":"Nonverbal communication","level":2,"score":0.426941454410553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.29635608196258545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0305000918000491","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0305000918000491","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0305000918000491","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S31497010","display_name":"Journal of Child Language","issn_l":"0305-0009","issn":["0305-0009","1469-7602"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Child Language","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:30560743","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30560743","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of child language","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":97,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W564141097","https://openalex.org/W581123615","https://openalex.org/W609957313","https://openalex.org/W611195460","https://openalex.org/W1497756321","https://openalex.org/W1508611703","https://openalex.org/W1518065324","https://openalex.org/W1543855024","https://openalex.org/W1550236997","https://openalex.org/W1577480375","https://openalex.org/W1583571124","https://openalex.org/W1620090527","https://openalex.org/W1830481607","https://openalex.org/W1860798717","https://openalex.org/W1882420976","https://openalex.org/W1969449708","https://openalex.org/W1970086655","https://openalex.org/W1970775873","https://openalex.org/W1974696318","https://openalex.org/W1978730513","https://openalex.org/W1983600564","https://openalex.org/W1986229979","https://openalex.org/W1988816908","https://openalex.org/W1990199333","https://openalex.org/W1991562335","https://openalex.org/W1991712964","https://openalex.org/W1993309882","https://openalex.org/W1994999882","https://openalex.org/W1998615991","https://openalex.org/W1998709220","https://openalex.org/W2001045706","https://openalex.org/W2010371149","https://openalex.org/W2015024653","https://openalex.org/W2015507478","https://openalex.org/W2020926765","https://openalex.org/W2021378472","https://openalex.org/W2032776301","https://openalex.org/W2032846432","https://openalex.org/W2034849037","https://openalex.org/W2036915103","https://openalex.org/W2037597654","https://openalex.org/W2037689983","https://openalex.org/W2044852388","https://openalex.org/W2051458263","https://openalex.org/W2051920674","https://openalex.org/W2052417512","https://openalex.org/W2059664997","https://openalex.org/W2060067342","https://openalex.org/W2064799866","https://openalex.org/W2067698801","https://openalex.org/W2070674014","https://openalex.org/W2074886106","https://openalex.org/W2077746421","https://openalex.org/W2080378017","https://openalex.org/W2081066457","https://openalex.org/W2083982299","https://openalex.org/W2086387169","https://openalex.org/W2089429929","https://openalex.org/W2091136372","https://openalex.org/W2092436982","https://openalex.org/W2098123528","https://openalex.org/W2107486135","https://openalex.org/W2109181684","https://openalex.org/W2113941258","https://openalex.org/W2115687530","https://openalex.org/W2118463312","https://openalex.org/W2118781102","https://openalex.org/W2122221560","https://openalex.org/W2123090327","https://openalex.org/W2129431201","https://openalex.org/W2137711028","https://openalex.org/W2138108661","https://openalex.org/W2141098086","https://openalex.org/W2142447366","https://openalex.org/W2146278257","https://openalex.org/W2146786940","https://openalex.org/W2153614880","https://openalex.org/W2162127011","https://openalex.org/W2217205607","https://openalex.org/W2264987974","https://openalex.org/W2270844595","https://openalex.org/W2323021101","https://openalex.org/W2334803366","https://openalex.org/W2398945669","https://openalex.org/W2467438160","https://openalex.org/W2489757407","https://openalex.org/W2527225685","https://openalex.org/W2560399700","https://openalex.org/W2767527948","https://openalex.org/W2771499540","https://openalex.org/W2796422584","https://openalex.org/W2990728208","https://openalex.org/W4205465429","https://openalex.org/W4211081781","https://openalex.org/W4245041192","https://openalex.org/W4254579240","https://openalex.org/W4300893721"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2771499540","https://openalex.org/W7154904412","https://openalex.org/W2074886106","https://openalex.org/W6927598702","https://openalex.org/W7056422988","https://openalex.org/W3180119861","https://openalex.org/W1568242317","https://openalex.org/W178731293","https://openalex.org/W4390665393","https://openalex.org/W2139074970"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Metaphor":[0],"development":[1],"in":[2,10,112],"conjunction":[3],"with":[4,61,92,109],"verbal":[5,52,128,145],"intelligence":[6,53,83],"and":[7,13,26,51,69,71,100,104,130,139,142],"linguistic":[8,48],"competence":[9,49],"middle":[11],"childhood":[12],"at":[14],"the":[15,43],"transition":[16],"to":[17],"early":[18],"adolescence":[19],"was":[20],"investigated.":[21],"298":[22],"individuals":[23],"between":[24],"seven":[25],"ten":[27],"years":[28,66,73],"(chronological":[29],"age)":[30,36],"who":[31],"attended":[32],"grades":[33],"two-four":[34],"(mental":[35],"were":[37,97],"tested":[38],"for":[39,47,120],"metaphor":[40,59,79,86,110,121,134,148],"processing":[41,60,80,111],"by":[42],"Metaphoric":[44],"Triads":[45],"Task,":[46],"(HELD),":[50],"(WISC-III).":[54],"Chronological":[55,103],"age":[56,106,114],"significantly":[57,84],"predicted":[58,85,133,147],"a":[62],"breakpoint":[63],"of":[64],"8.2":[65],"regarding":[67,74],"identification":[68],"comprehension,":[70],"10.2":[72],"preference.":[75,149],"Fourth-graders":[76],"showed":[77],"highest":[78],"scores.":[81],"Verbal":[82,123],"processing;":[87],"this":[88],"effect":[89],"became":[90],"stronger":[91],"increasing":[93],"age.":[94],"Attributional":[95],"metaphors":[96],"best":[98],"understood":[99],"most":[101],"preferred.":[102],"mental":[105],"are":[107],"associated":[108],"an":[113],"span":[115],"that":[116],"is":[117],"seemingly":[118],"crucial":[119],"development.":[122],"analogical":[124],"reasoning,":[125],"concept":[126],"formation,":[127],"abstraction,":[129],"semantic":[131],"knowledge":[132],"comprehension.":[135],"Understanding":[136],"facts,":[137],"principles,":[138],"social":[140],"situations,":[141],"resultant":[143],"inferential":[144],"reasoning":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2018-12-22T00:00:00"}