{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2903578746","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/catal8120655","title":"Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution via Water Splitting: A Short Review","display_name":"Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution via Water Splitting: A Short Review","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-12-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2903578746","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/catal8120655","mag":"2903578746"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/catal8120655","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/catal8120655","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal8120655","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/8/12/655/pdf?version=1544695938","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738539744","display_name":"Catalysts","issn_l":"2073-4344","issn":["2073-4344"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Catalysts","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/8/12/655/pdf?version=1544695938","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100376951","display_name":"Yifan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8977-0305","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8977-0305"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191879574","display_name":"Inha University","ror":"https://ror.org/01easw929","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191879574"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yifan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Incheon 22212, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Incheon 22212, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191879574"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102779149","display_name":"Young\u2010Jung Heo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2851-3484","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2851-3484"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191879574","display_name":"Inha University","ror":"https://ror.org/01easw929","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191879574"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Young-Jung Heo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Incheon 22212, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Incheon 22212, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191879574"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ji-Won Lee","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191879574","display_name":"Inha University","ror":"https://ror.org/01easw929","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191879574"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ji-Won Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Incheon 22212, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Incheon 22212, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191879574"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101779819","display_name":"Jong\u2010Hoon Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9102-0872","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9102-0872"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191879574","display_name":"Inha University","ror":"https://ror.org/01easw929","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191879574"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jong-Hoon Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Incheon 22212, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Incheon 22212, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191879574"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021758686","display_name":"Johny Bajgai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7228-8053","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7228-8053"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Johny Bajgai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 26426, Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7228-8053","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 26426, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041349562","display_name":"Kyu\u2010Jae Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8748-8122","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8748-8122"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kyu-Jae Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 26426, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 26426, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100447410","display_name":"Soo\u2010Jin Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6350-6135","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6350-6135","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1456-9460","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2521-4916"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191879574","display_name":"Inha University","ror":"https://ror.org/01easw929","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191879574"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Soo-Jin Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Incheon 22212, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Incheon 22212, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191879574"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041349562","https://openalex.org/A5100447410"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191879574","https://openalex.org/I193775966"],"apc_list":{"value":2200,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2654},"apc_paid":{"value":2200,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2654},"fwci":1.3964,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":69,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79939519,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"12","first_page":"655","last_page":"655"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10078","display_name":"Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10078","display_name":"Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10024","display_name":"TiO2 Photocatalysis and Solar Cells","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11877","display_name":"Iron oxide chemistry and applications","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photocatalytic-hydrogen-production","display_name":"photocatalytic hydrogen evolution","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-splitting","display_name":"water splitting","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photocatalysts","display_name":"photocatalysts","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solar-hydrogen-production","display_name":"solar hydrogen production","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photocatalyst-design","display_name":"photocatalyst design","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photocatalyst-synthesis","display_name":"photocatalyst synthesis","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photocatalyst-morphology","display_name":"photocatalyst morphology","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crystallization","display_name":"crystallization","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-properties","display_name":"electrical properties","score":0.9129999876022339}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65165184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q218831","display_name":"Photocatalysis","level":3,"score":0.8078578114509583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35590869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2697332","display_name":"Water splitting","level":4,"score":0.6582649946212769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202189072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1929999","display_name":"Hydrogen production","level":3,"score":0.6316630840301514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.5934293270111084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5289794206619263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183696295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2487696","display_name":"Biochemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.47716063261032104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779114203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48772760","display_name":"Solar energy conversion","level":3,"score":0.44024670124053955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541104983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40015","display_name":"Solar energy","level":2,"score":0.38248783349990845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21880701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144042","display_name":"Process engineering","level":1,"score":0.3524646759033203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3220868706703186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512968161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q556","display_name":"Hydrogen","level":2,"score":0.20958340167999268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.15685752034187317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161790260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82264","display_name":"Catalysis","level":2,"score":0.09216681122779846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09180936217308044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/catal8120655","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/catal8120655","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal8120655","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/8/12/655/pdf?version=1544695938","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738539744","display_name":"Catalysts","issn_l":"2073-4344","issn":["2073-4344"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Catalysts","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9c9bb4e6f4d746beb456211a87723743","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9c9bb4e6f4d746beb456211a87723743","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Catalysts, Vol 8, Iss 12, p 655 (2018)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/catal8120655","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/catal8120655","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal8120655","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/8/12/655/pdf?version=1544695938","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738539744","display_name":"Catalysts","issn_l":"2073-4344","issn":["2073-4344"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Catalysts","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9853000044822693,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3126274285","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018-RND-002-0064","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4432173036","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018_RND_002_0064","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321681","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8544569813","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"10083586","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334879","funder_display_name":"Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8904377324","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"10083586","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321681","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321681","display_name":"Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/008nkqk13"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01wpjm123"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332128","display_name":"Commercializations Promotion Agency for R and D Outcomes","ror":"https://ror.org/05tz27s69"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334879","display_name":"Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03z9cwa38"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2903578746.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2903578746.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":129,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965832397","https://openalex.org/W1967382145","https://openalex.org/W1972970089","https://openalex.org/W1981116536","https://openalex.org/W1983807982","https://openalex.org/W1999695878","https://openalex.org/W2005411552","https://openalex.org/W2007015759","https://openalex.org/W2015489475","https://openalex.org/W2020107131","https://openalex.org/W2021784035","https://openalex.org/W2027219152","https://openalex.org/W2036400710","https://openalex.org/W2042492216","https://openalex.org/W2043008781","https://openalex.org/W2046537181","https://openalex.org/W2048146943","https://openalex.org/W2048193275","https://openalex.org/W2057821011","https://openalex.org/W2058108555","https://openalex.org/W2059298554","https://openalex.org/W2059357122","https://openalex.org/W2066450772","https://openalex.org/W2069965375","https://openalex.org/W2070478570","https://openalex.org/W2072096075","https://openalex.org/W2092782997","https://openalex.org/W2093573287","https://openalex.org/W2106687461","https://openalex.org/W2109257509","https://openalex.org/W2123369164","https://openalex.org/W2143692885","https://openalex.org/W2148157055","https://openalex.org/W2150399639","https://openalex.org/W2154439556","https://openalex.org/W2168795718","https://openalex.org/W2169657429","https://openalex.org/W2216685819","https://openalex.org/W2332193566","https://openalex.org/W2333789365","https://openalex.org/W2334935533","https://openalex.org/W2389764498","https://openalex.org/W2411207811","https://openalex.org/W2415280199","https://openalex.org/W2471642188","https://openalex.org/W2500403773","https://openalex.org/W2580994081","https://openalex.org/W2602459416","https://openalex.org/W2605160386","https://openalex.org/W2610899821","https://openalex.org/W2613235679","https://openalex.org/W2615404310","https://openalex.org/W2616992642","https://openalex.org/W2617492892","https://openalex.org/W2621572971","https://openalex.org/W2624169663","https://openalex.org/W2691306156","https://openalex.org/W2727151416","https://openalex.org/W2728006960","https://openalex.org/W2731141748","https://openalex.org/W2734537607","https://openalex.org/W2735430296","https://openalex.org/W2738962149","https://openalex.org/W2739903065","https://openalex.org/W2742765336","https://openalex.org/W2745426884","https://openalex.org/W2746317989","https://openalex.org/W2747166022","https://openalex.org/W2747641274","https://openalex.org/W2754459366","https://openalex.org/W2757953617","https://openalex.org/W2758439265","https://openalex.org/W2759163010","https://openalex.org/W2759750954","https://openalex.org/W2762370039","https://openalex.org/W2767845378","https://openalex.org/W2768472211","https://openalex.org/W2768641186","https://openalex.org/W2770535885","https://openalex.org/W2773452833","https://openalex.org/W2775669110","https://openalex.org/W2775687036","https://openalex.org/W2779774512","https://openalex.org/W2781402309","https://openalex.org/W2781897408","https://openalex.org/W2781961578","https://openalex.org/W2782213428","https://openalex.org/W2783810264","https://openalex.org/W2784163676","https://openalex.org/W2784501904","https://openalex.org/W2787063337","https://openalex.org/W2789904816","https://openalex.org/W2791554866","https://openalex.org/W2791692528","https://openalex.org/W2793063441","https://openalex.org/W2793269122","https://openalex.org/W2794101481","https://openalex.org/W2794441190","https://openalex.org/W2794804919","https://openalex.org/W2795234955","https://openalex.org/W2795436613","https://openalex.org/W2799316847","https://openalex.org/W2799587079","https://openalex.org/W2801661984","https://openalex.org/W2801811032","https://openalex.org/W2802333823","https://openalex.org/W2803602943","https://openalex.org/W2804767533","https://openalex.org/W2805166422","https://openalex.org/W2805482275","https://openalex.org/W2809820026","https://openalex.org/W2810142043","https://openalex.org/W2810741316","https://openalex.org/W2810997763","https://openalex.org/W2883897518","https://openalex.org/W2884312041","https://openalex.org/W2885504810","https://openalex.org/W2887074890","https://openalex.org/W2887495213","https://openalex.org/W2887572585","https://openalex.org/W2888173613","https://openalex.org/W2888410630","https://openalex.org/W2889273350","https://openalex.org/W2889334429","https://openalex.org/W2890068821","https://openalex.org/W2891051241","https://openalex.org/W2891611323","https://openalex.org/W4211152862","https://openalex.org/W6751779563"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2900978566","https://openalex.org/W2048146943","https://openalex.org/W7154319866","https://openalex.org/W2765917067","https://openalex.org/W7220190111","https://openalex.org/W7102718763","https://openalex.org/W2956692955","https://openalex.org/W2383065702","https://openalex.org/W4406188740","https://openalex.org/W2411313580"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Photocatalytic":[0],"H2":[1,19,73],"generation":[2],"via":[3],"water":[4],"splitting":[5],"is":[6],"increasingly":[7],"gaining":[8],"attention":[9],"as":[10],"a":[11],"viable":[12],"alternative":[13],"for":[14,21,72,83],"improving":[15],"the":[16,48,67,79,84],"performance":[17],"of":[18,52,58,69,87],"production":[20,74],"solar":[22],"energy":[23],"conversion.":[24],"Many":[25],"methods":[26],"were":[27],"developed":[28],"to":[29],"enhance":[30],"photocatalyst":[31],"efficiency,":[32],"primarily":[33],"by":[34],"modifying":[35],"its":[36],"morphology,":[37],"crystallization,":[38],"and":[39,50,66,81],"electrical":[40],"properties.":[41],"Here,":[42],"we":[43],"summarize":[44],"recent":[45],"achievements":[46],"in":[47],"synthesis":[49],"application":[51],"various":[53,64],"photocatalysts.":[54],"The":[55],"rational":[56],"design":[57],"novel":[59,70],"photocatalysts":[60,89],"was":[61],"achieved":[62],"using":[63],"strategies,":[65],"applications":[68],"materials":[71],"are":[75,90],"displayed":[76],"herein.":[77],"Meanwhile,":[78],"challenges":[80],"prospects":[82],"future":[85],"development":[86],"H2-producing":[88],"also":[91],"summarized.":[92]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2018-12-22T00:00:00"}